Glaucoma of the eye: what is it, causes, symptoms, consequences, prevention

From this article you will learn what glaucoma, its stages, forms and degrees are.

Content

Glaucoma occurs mainly in people who have reached the age of 70-75. The risk of the disease increases after 60 years. Glaucoma may occur due to an increase in intraocular pressure. What are these ailment, what are his symptoms and stages, causes, psychosomatics? The answer to this and other questions, look in the article below.

What is glaucoma of the eye in adults and elderly people, how does it look, what are the stages, shapes and degrees?

Glaucoma in older people manifests itself in the form of changes in the color of the pupils. They can even be repainted in green or azure shade. Moreover, the process of the optic nerve atrophy occurs. With untimely treatment, a person may lose vision. What is glaucoma In adults and elderly people, if we speak the terminology of doctors? Here's the answer:

This is a large group of eye pathologies characterized by constant or periodic increased eye pressure above those indicators that are acceptable for each particular person.
Subsequently, defects in the field of vision and a decrease in visual acuity appear.

How she looks like?

The lens loses its transparency. It seems as if he was covered in a film.
The eyeball can cover with a vascular mesh.

Exists four stages Or the degree of development of glaucoma:

Initial. There is a process of jumps of intraocular pressure. At the same time, pupils expand and headache occurs.
Developed. The field of view is narrowed from the nasal side or a large arcuate scotoma - Bierrum cattle can form. This is a defect that merges with a blind spot.
Far from. There is a concentric narrowing of the field of view and the complete loss of its large sections. The blind spot increases.
Terminal. Characterized by complete loss of vision. In exceptional cases, visibility from the temples may remain. There is a process of increasing intraocular pressure, accompanied by head and eye pains.

In addition to four stages, distinguish two forms Glaucomas:

Open -angle:

The most common.
Characterized by increased intraocular pressure.
At the same time, the visual nerve is affected and the peripheral field of view is narrowed.

Closter. There are three stages of such glaucoma:

Primary - It is the result of increased intraocular pressure. At the same time, headaches and pains around the eyes appear. Eye proteins turn red, and the image blurs.
Secondary - There are pain in the eye sockets with a pressure effect. Vision is blurred, and the cornea swells. Also, there is a lens deformation.
With a sharp attack. It is characterized by the presence of pain in the temples, eyes and superfluous arcs. There is a headache. A person sees blurry images in front of him.

Glaucoma may be congenital if there were problems with pregnancy. Primary glaucoma appears if a person has a hereditary factor, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, thyroid disease or with mystery. Secondary can develop against the background of the underlying disease, for example, cataracts or injuries. More about the signs and symptoms of cataracts, you can read in the article on our website.

It is worth noting that the glaucoma can be mixed, that is, to combine the signs of both forms.

Symptoms and signs of open -angle and closed -angled glaucoma in the early stages: how quickly does it develop?

As mentioned above, the glaucoma is divided into 3 species:

Open -angle
Closter
Mixed

The differences between these types are access to the drainage system. In the first case, it is open, and in the second, intraocular pressure is closed and greatly increases. Here are the main ones signs These forms in the early stages:

Open -angle form:

Intraocular pressure occurs due to obstruction of the outflow of fluid.
Sluggish and chronic flow.
Lack of symptoms for a long period.
Distributed in most cases.

Closing shape:

A rare form of the disease.
Painful accompaniment.
Increased pressure inside the eyeball that occurs spontaneously.
Strong and sharp attacks.

An important point in any form is immediate treatment, in order to avoid loss of vision. If the first form of glaucoma is facilitated by the fact that its treatment can be carried out at home, undergoing periodic examinations for a specialist, then in the second case, only drug treatment in the hospital is possible.

Symptoms:

Sharp pain in the eye and in the accompanying half of the head and in the temple
Blur and blurred, reduction of vision
Poor health (nausea, vomiting, temperature)
Heart pain and frequent heartbeat
Swelling of the cornea and centuries
Inadequate reaction to light
But more often, symptoms can be invisible. In this case, the disease is accompanied only by a slow loss of vision.

Glaucoma develops rapidly, especially if you ignore its first signs. In this case, the patient may completely blind for 2 years. If a person is observed with a doctor, then the disease will not progress, and thanks to this, one can prevent complete blindness.

Glaucoma eye - causes, psychosomatics: is it inherited?

Glaucoma of the eye is a complex disease that occurs often. The reasons for such a pathology may be the following factors and ailments:

The congenital component is a complex course of maternity pregnancy.
Diabetes.
Cataract, which was not treated in a timely manner.
Eye injuries of varying degrees of complexity, ranging from the entry of the most common sorcini, but sharp, which can damage the upper layer of the eye, ending with a variety of heavy cases: a blow and so on.
Hereditary factor. If someone in the family, in particular, had a glaucoma, then with a high probability it can also develop. Therefore, the glaucoma is inherited, and you need to know about it.
Diseases of the thyroid gland, cardiovascular system.
Arterial hypertension of severe forms.
Obesity or even excess weight.
Myopia.
Various kinds of infections.

Oddly enough, but such a disease as glaucoma of the eye has its own psychosomatics. In general, any ailment can appear as a result of psychological components:

The unwillingness of a person or to see someone. It can be some specific people, events, relationships, and so on.
The negative content of thoughts and the emotional background. For example, you often have to look at an unpleasant person who hurts.
Negative vision of the world or yourself.

Read more about psychosomatics of glaucomas in the article on this link on our website.

Acute attack of glaucoma: emergency assistance

In case of closed -up form, glaucoma may be accompanied by acute attacks. They occur in case of a violation of the outflow of intraocular watery fluid, as a result of which the moisture of the pressing on the eyeball is accumulated. These attacks occur spontaneously and can lead to a severe complication up to loss of vision, so you should urgently contact a specialist. One of the features of acute attacks is that they appear closer to morning. Here are the symptoms of an acute attack of glaucoma:

Sharp pain in the eye and in the head
Reduced vision
Swelling of the cornea and century
Hyperemia of the skin
The extension of the pupil
Incorrect reaction to light
Poor health (vomiting, temperature, nausea)
Heartache

Emergency help, do the following:

First of all, calm down. Panic can only aggravate the condition.
Call an ambulance". The doctors team will make the necessary injections or give other medicines that will remove this condition. An ambulance can save vision in time.
Lie on the bed comfortably. Often this is what helps, since in a sitting position it can be very sick.
You can take a hot foot bath - this will help reduce blood flow to the head.

Absolutely forbidden: To instill the drugs in the eye on your own. This can only be done after consulting a doctor, otherwise you can lose your vision.

Glaucoma Prevention: Taufon

For the prevention of glaucoma, some recommendations should be followed, especially if you are at risk - poor heredity and so on. See the full list of reasons for this ailment above in the text.

Often the ophthalmologist prescribes older people Taufon - This is a drug in the form of drops, which helps to prevent the development of glaucoma. He is inexpensive and perfectly copes with the first symptoms of the disease. There are two types Taufon:

Eye drops
Eye films

The type of medicine is selected by the doctor, taking into account all the existing indications and contraindications. For example, pregnant and lactating breasts are used with increased caution. It is used only when the benefits are superior to the risk for the fetus, since the safety of this drug is not studied for patients with pregnant women and breastfeeding.

So, here are some tips that will help to avoid glaucoma:

Limit physical activity. If you play sports, then no effort. Classes should be held with pleasure.
Less emotions, especially bad ones: stress, depression and so on.
Patients under the risk of the development of the disease are prohibited from tilting their heads for a long time. Take breaks if it concerns your activity: drawing, drawing, knitting, embroidery and the rest.
Put away from bad habits, in particular smoking. Nicotine does not affect the body in the best way, slowing the transportation of oxygen through the blood.
It is not recommended to wear things that prevent the proper blood supply to the neck and head.
It is forbidden to work on a PC for a long time or watch TV. Break to rest every time for 15-20 minutes.
Proper nutrition is the key to acute vision. For the prevention of the disease, it is worthwhile to include in a daily diet st. fish, vegetables, fruits. Read more about food below.
Use a moderate number of fluids per day (approximately up to 2 liters For an adult - no more so that there is no load on the vessels).
Refuse caffeine, as it raises pressure, which does not affect the health of the eyes well.
A full sleep is important. It is recommended to sleep from eight to ten hours. You need to sleep on high pillows.
A sharp load on the eyes can be a strong load in the room.

Visit an ophthalmologist, regardless of your condition and intraocular pressure. The doctor will be able to notice health deviations in a timely manner if they are, and prescribe treatment.

Food for eye glaucoma: diet

To alleviate the condition with glaucoma of the eyes, in addition to drugs, a diet will help. Here is proper nutrition, and what is recommended to use:

Low -fat meat, but not offal.
Loof sausage, fish. The smallest fat in the “Doctoral” sausage. Prefer fish such as mowing, navaga, pike perch, perch, flounder, roach, white -eyed, burbot, kefal and others), it is not so fat, but very tasty.
Dairy products limiting the consumption of butter and sour cream.
Fruits, vegetables as the main supplier of most vitamins.
Whole grain bread, cereals.
Beans, beans, peas, soy and products from it.
Vegetable oils - olive, hemp, linseed, like sources of unsaturated fatty acids.

This is a wide list, and nutrition can be made tasty and diverse. Here are some more tips:

It is forbidden to consume all types of alcohol, due to the negative effect on intraocular pressure and nerve fibers.
It also refers to drinks containing caffeine - tea, coffee. They must be excluded from the menu.
You should forget about canned food, salting and wet blanks.
It is forbidden to use exciting spices. Minimize salt consumption.
Try not to use easily digestible carbohydrates - sugar, honey, jam and others.
Forget about sdoba, cookies and other confectionery products.

As mentioned above, drink water no more than 2 liters, necessarily purified and non -carbonated. What drugs to treat glaucoma read below. If the doctor prescribed you an operation, then do not hesitate and urgently get ready for it. Read more about this in the article on this link "Treatment of glaucoma" - Views, laser and so on.

Eye vitamins for glaucoma

In the treatment of glaucoma, in addition to drugs, the eyes should receive the necessary vitamins. The most important for vision is beta-carotene or vitamin A and b vitamins. Basically, these vitamins enter the body along with food, and patients with glaucoma should include enough products containing these vitamins in their diet. See the list of products that should be present in the diet above.

It is worth knowing: It is useful to use blueberries and blackcurrant. These are sources of anthocyans - substances that contribute to the strengthening of the walls of the blood vessels of the retina and protect against glaucoma and retinopathy.

Unfortunately, food may not always provide sufficient vitamins. In this case, it is desirable to take biologically active additives such as Vitalyux Plus, Luthein Complex, Doppelgerz Asset And like them.

There are also eye drops containing vitamins:

"Riboflavin"
"Cuspit"
"Zorro"
"Emoxypin"

If the glaucoma has developed against the background of cataracts, as often happens, then drops will be good Quinax " and "Vitafacco". The studies of American scientists for the use are very promising vitamin B3 For the treatment of glaucoma. The results of their experiments indicate an important role of this vitamin in preventing the optic atrophy.

What eye pressure is considered normal with glaucoma?

A relatively simple and informative method of early diagnosis of glaucoma is the measurement of intraocular pressure.

Just as the therapist measures the patient’s blood pressure, the ophthalmologist measures the eye pressure, and when deviated from the norm, conducts a deeper examination and prescribes treatment.
New devices allow this measurement quickly and without causing inconvenience to the patient.
Patients with glaucoma should periodically visit a doctor in order to measure intraocular pressure and correction of prescribed treatment when deviation of pressure indicators from the norm.

What eye pressure is considered normal in glaucoma? Here's the answer:

Intraocular pressure is considered normal from 10 to 21 mm Hg. Art.
Average values \u200b\u200bin most people within 15-16 mm Hg. Art.

These figures are considered the norm for healthy ones, and even more so for glaucoma patients, the treatment of which is focused on bringing eye pressure indicators to the norm.

Is glaucoma dangerous: consequences

The most dangerous consequence of glaucoma is irreversible blindness. The visual nerve that died due to illness cannot be restored with any drugs and procedures. If with cataracts, vision can be restored by replacing the lens, then the visual nerve is not subject to restoration. Therefore, glaucoma is dangerous. This is how the consequences develop:

A patient with glaucoma decreases visual acuity. He begins to bear the load on his eyes poorly.
“Chicken blindness” develops - it is hard to see at dusk.
Peripheral vision worsens strongly - a person may not notice the danger from the side, which puses a threat to his life in places of traffic.
The quality of life worsens, the glaucoma imposes restrictions on all areas of human activity.
Over time, conservative treatment may not be effective enough and surgery will be required, which also affects general well -being.

A sharp attack of glaucoma is considered especially dangerous, in which pain in the eyes occurs, the cornea is damaged, vision is disturbed, and even pain in the heart is felt. Glaucoma is a very dangerous disease, and we must be seriously treated.

Do they give disability with glaucoma eyes?

Often patients ask, do they give disability with glaucoma? It all depends on the degree of progression of the disease. There are several criterion for assigning disability:

The third group. If a person can work, serve himself, but he determines the concentric narrowing of the field up to 40 degrees. Vision is rapidly falling. The patient can work, but with small physical exertion.
The second group - Non -working group. Placement of fields up to 20 degrees. The visual nerve loses its ability. There is also a regional depression of the disk.
The first group - If vision is rapidly starting to fall to zero mark, then the doctor must assign 1 group disability. The patient cannot serve himself, since he sees almost nothing. Narrowing of the field of vision within 5 percent.

If the disease is at the initial stage, then the specialist cannot assign disability, because there is a chance that it will not become worse, or the disease can still be stopped. In general, a disability in glaucoma is given only in extreme cases, when the disease progresses.

Can I drink citimon with glaucoma?

Citramon is forbidden to drink with glaucoma

The instructions for the drug clearly say that it is contraindicated in glaucoma. The caffeine that is part of the drug is to blame. The stimulating, exciting effect of caffeine does not pass without a trace for the body and for the system of vision. Intraocular pressure increases and, if this is repeated often, glaucoma may develop. In general, it is prohibited from drinking citramon with glaucoma, as the course of the disease is complicated.

Corvalol is harmful to glaucoma?

Many drugs negatively affect vision. Ophthalmologists constantly analyze the side effects of drugs. It was recently found out that Corvalol is harmful to glaucoma, as it contains phenobarbital.

It causes clouding of vision, an increase in intraocular pressure and glaucoma. Fenobarbital Kovaren in that it can accumulate in the body. For the eyes, this does not go in vain. Some pharmaceutical firms switched to the release of Corvalol without phenobarbital

Ayurvedic eye drops with glaucoma

If you read in the instructions for the drug that it cures from all diseases, what will be your attitude to such a medicine? Surely, you just won’t believe it. This is what can be read in the description of the advertised Ayurvedic drops "Aisotin"Which, according to the manufacturer, contribute to the prevention and treatment of almost all diseases of the eyes.

It is mentioned in the instructions and glaucoma. Since there is no description of the mechanism of action of drops, as well as reviews of authoritative medical organizations, it is better to refrain from using such drugs so as not to harm your vision.

Mexidol with glaucoma

There are drugs that normalize metabolic processes in the nerve cells of the visual apparatus, preventing the death of these cells. Such drugs include antioxidant Mexidol, who finds more and more use in the treatment of glaucoma. Especially its healing properties, according to doctors, are in demand in the treatment of primary open -angle glaucoma of the first and second degree.

Nidling with glaucoma

After the operation for glaucoma, there is a risk of increasing intraocular pressure in connection with fibrosis of the membrane separating moisture of the front chamber from the outflow path. One of the methods of correction in this case is Nidling, which is translated from English means “puncture”.

The procedure is performed using an injection needle under local anesthesia, is carried out on an outpatient basis and allows you to normalize eye pressure by removing part of the liquid.

Eye drops of Skulachev from glaucoma and cataracts

There are eye drops from glaucoma and cataracts - this is one of the products of the development of the Academician team Skulachev, in his project to fight aging. "Visomitin" - This is the name of the drug - it has passed the tests and it can be bought at the pharmacy.

Drops are designed to prevent and treat dry eyes and cataract syndrome. Regarding its purpose to prevent and treat glaucoma, there is no clarity yet - tests are underway. Checking the actions of this drug has also begun in the United States. With a positive result of these tests, we can talk about a breakthrough in the field of ophthalmology.

Pimino with glaucoma

Among the many indications for the use of this wonderful drug we note one of them. It is directly related to the health of our eyes. With glaucoma, picked, along with other drugs, takes care of the preservation of nerve cells. These cells, which are part of the visual apparatus, often die from different causes, even with normal numbers of intraocular pressure. The picamilon helps to prevent the death of nerve endings, which is important in this case with a complex disease.

Japanese eye drops from cataracts and glaucoma

So far, a comprehensive assessment by the doctors of Japanese eye drops from cataracts and glaucoma has not been given. Therefore, it is better to refrain from their use. Canadian health authorities have banned the use of these drops due to their toxicity.

Drops Sante FX Neo Generally contraindicated in glaucoma. Drops Katalin From cataracts are described as a wonderful remedy. But it is best to be guided by the recommendations of serious medical and scientific centers, and use only proven drugs.

Antidepressants with glaucoma

If a patient with glaucoma needs to take antidepressants, then such treatment should be carried out with caution. This is especially true for people with a closing shape. Treatment with antidepressants can cause an acute attack of closed -angled glaucoma, therefore, a certain compensation therapy is necessary in order to reduce eye pressure.

Emoxypin with glaucoma

Medicine is now able to bring intraocular pressure to normal and maintain it at the right level. An important task is to protect the nerve of the eye nerve and retina from adverse factors.

As the studies of scientists have shown, Emoxypin in the complex therapy of glaucoma helps to solve this problem. The improvement of vision of patients with glaucoma with the participation of such a drug in the treatment process has been proven.

Drops from a cold with glaucoma: which ones can?

A runny nose is usually accepted to treat with drops that have an anti -traffic effect by spasming of small blood vessels. But as a result, the arterial and, not at all good, intraocular pressure increases. It is clear that such drops with a vasoconstrictive effect are used for glaucoma to prevent further progression of the disease.

So what drops can be used from a runny nose for glaucoma? Here's the answer:

There are medicines based on hormonal mixtures.
They have an anti -allergic effect and relieve inflammation.
Although their effect on the nasal congestion is less pronounced, there is no harm to the patient with glaucoma.
it "Nazonex" and other such medicines.

Important: It may turn out that these drugs cannot be used for medical reasons. Then the medications will be drugs that have a moisturizing or antihistamine effect.

For example, you can prefer drugs such as "Ifiral", "No-salt". It is very good to use vegetable drops "Pinosol".