What is amenorrhea in women? How to treat the disease?

Amenorrhea in women is a problem for ladies of reproductive age. What is it, and how to treat it, read in this article.

Content

Amenorrhea - prolonged absence of menstrual bleeding in women of childbearing age. This condition is a deviation from the norm and signals serious problems in the reproductive system. Sometimes amenorrhea becomes a symptom of the presence of congenital malformations of the urogenital tract.

Amenorrhea in women: what is it, photo

Amenorrhea in women - This is a special condition in which monthly there are no more than three cycles in a row. In some cases, the cessation of menstruation is caused by natural reasons: pregnancy, feeding a newborn, menopause. The lack of menstruation, not related to pregnancy, is a serious reason for seeing a doctor.

The physiology of the menstrual cycle is clearly visible in the photo above. Various physiological disorders can launch the mechanism of development of pathology, in accordance with this the following types of amenorrhea arise:

False - The hormonal system operates properly, and the outflow of blood is prevented by tumor formations in the genital tract.
True - Menstruation are absent due to hormonal imbalance, which violates the maturation process and the release of a healthy egg.
Primary - delay in the terms of the onset of the first menstruation in adolescents who have reached the age of puberty.
Secondary - Its sign: menstruation appeared in the past, but in this period of time is absent for a number of reasons.
Physiological - A normal condition not related to the disease. The change in the hormonal background, observed in various periods of life, entails a temporary cessation of menstruation. In the age over 45 years old Amenorrhea acquires a constant character and is called menopause.

It is important to correctly determine the type of amenorrhea, since the methods of treating various pathology options are fundamentally different. In most clinical cases, secondary amenorrhea occurs.

Amenorrhea in women: symptoms

The main distinguishing feature of amenorrhea is the lack of menstruation. Along with this, other symptoms are observed that indicate problems in the reproductive system:

Abdominal pain: sharp, aching, paroxysmal, etc.
Dry vaginadue to the fall in the production of estrogens.
Painful sensations during intercourserelated to the lack of moisturizing the vagina.
Abnormal discharge from the genital tractindicating the development of the infectious focus.
Lack of sexual attraction - A bright sign of hormonal disorders.

Do not wait for the appearance of concomitant complaints. Crossing regular bleeding is a sufficient occasion to seem to be a doctor.

Amenorrhea in women: reasons

The development of amenorrhea is due to the influence of many factors of a diverse nature. As a rule, the primary amenorrhea occurs in the following cases:

Congenital defects in the development of the uterus: The fusion of the cavity, the absence of a childbearing organ. Features of the anatomical structure can interfere with the outflow of blood and lead to the development of false amenorrhea.
Genetic mutations. The changes that arose at the genetic level violate the functioning of individual structures of the reproductive system and violate puberty.
Ovarian resistance. This is the innate property of the ovaries not to respond to control signals sent by the pituitary gland.
Inadequate activity of the pituitary gland. As a rule, a similar problem is formed long before puberty.

The lack of active interaction of the pituitary gland and hypothalamus, a violation of the regulation system based on their feedback. It can also be the cause of amenorrhea in women.

Secondary amenorrhea: What is this in women?

This deviation refers to the varieties of menstrual cycle disorders. The development of such a disorder is indicated by a prolonged delay in menstruation for a period of more than six months. The pathological condition most often occurs due to disorders in the work of the endocrine system producing the hormone. Often the cause of the amenorrhea is the following circumstances:

Exhausting sports, accompanied by overloads.
A sharp weight loss caused by diets or lack of appetite in emotionally unstable women.
Protracted stress, severe experiences.
Thyroid diseases.
The pituitary tumor.
Pathology of the ovary.
Intrauterine fusion arose as a result of inflammation.
Atresia of the cervical canal is the result of the curettage.
Coursework with some drugs.

Secondary amenorrhea - a diagnosis based on the information received from the patient. It is much more difficult to identify a specific form of pathology. When conducting differential diagnostics, many circumstances are taken into account:

The age of the woman
Past illnesses
Surrounding conditions
Location to stress
Other factors that affect the menstrual cycle

Instrumental studies, including gynecological examination, ultrasound, pharmacological tests help to detect a source of disorders.

Lactation amenorrhea: What is this in women?

Immediately after childbirth, a natural physiological state in the body in a woman - lactation amenorrhea occurs. The cessation of regular bleeding in a nursing mother is quite normal. At a time when the body is absorbed in the production of prolactin, necessary for breast milk formation, ovulation and conception are excluded.

The formation of prolactin is directly related to the frequency of feeding.
The more active the mother puts the baby to the chest, the higher she has a prolactin level.
Amenorrhea persists until the body is busy with the development of this hormone.
As a rule, the menstrual cycle resumes when the baby's age approaches the year.
At this time, the baby already receives complementary foods, and the frequency of attachments to the chest decreases.

However, the amenorrhea may stop a couple of months after childbirth. This happens if there are errors in the organization of feeding:

Using a dummy
Replacing one of the feedings with an artificial mixture
Flowering with a mixture or water
Long intervals between feeding (more than 3 hours)

In addition, some women have an increased tendency to reproduce offspring. They have no amenorrhea for the period of feeding. In this case, it makes no sense to increase the frequency of attachments to the chest.

What is the danger of amenorrhea for women?

Unwanted effects accompanying amenorrhea can take various forms. The danger to health is not the pathology itself, but the disease that caused it.

If the depression or addiction to low -calorie diets is guilty of the delay in menstruation, it is necessary to eliminate the violation as soon as possible: to normalize food, to stabilize the emotional background.
The amenorrhea, which is longed for a long time, increases the likelihood of the formation of persistent changes in the ovaries, involution of the genital sphere. All this is a direct path to infertility.
If a long period of time in the body remains a stable low estrogen level that does not change, then osteoporosis, pressure jumps, pain in the heart, premature menopause should be afraid.

Therefore, do not ignore the symptoms of amenorrhea. If an inexplicable delay in menstruation occurs, it should be immediately taken measures and consult a doctor.

Amenorrhea in women: treatment

Tactics of treatment are determined only by the results of the examination. A complex of diagnostic measures is carried out to assess the severity of the disease and detect its cause. After that, a plan of further actions is drawn up.

Primary amenorrhea:

To eliminate malformations that caused false amenorrhea, resort to surgery.
In cases where there is a delay in puberty, hormonal drugs are prescribed, accelerating the appearance of sexual characteristics.

Secondary amenorrhea:

In this case, it is necessary to detect the cause of the absence of menstruation.
If the problem is caused by weight loss or stress, you can correct the situation without the help of hormones.
It will be necessary to make adjustments to the lifestyle, to rationally spend strength.
In the absence of a result from conservative measures, hormonal treatment is prescribed.

Prayer disorder: the pituitary gland:

Hormone therapy is the only method of treatment.
However, do not expect a quick result.
Perhaps more than one course will be required before positive dynamics appear.

Amenorrhea caused by ovarian diseases:

Here, hormonal means are needed.
Together with drugs, the doctor prescribes a diet in order to prevent the accumulation of excess adipose tissue.

It is worth remembering: It is better to proceed with the treatment of amenorrhea after the cause of malaise has been established. This will take a lot of time and medical experience. It is unacceptable to treat amenorrhea yourself at home. At the first signs of this pathology, contact the gynecologist.