12 main female hormones: name, functions in the body. Women's hormones in the male body, male hormones in the female body: Description

This article describes female hormones and their names. You will also learn what female hormones exist in men and male - women.

Hormones are substances produced by the iron secretion glands and affecting the processes occurring in the body. The appearance, health and mood of a woman, the ability to conceive and born children depend on their number and ratio. That is why hormonal blood tests are prescribed if not everything is safe with health. Read more below.

What are 12 main female hormones: name and functions in the body

There are many different hormones in a woman’s body. Each of them is necessary for normal life. Here are what exist 12 main female hormones - name and functions in the body:

ESTROGEN:

• It is called a "hormone of beauty."
• He gives the figure and voice femininity, supports sexual attraction, makes the mood even, and the skin is young.
• Promotes bone cell regeneration.
• A decrease in estrogen can cause problems with memory and concentration.

PROGESTERONE:

• "Hormone of pregnancy."
• Is responsible for its correct flow and provides a normal cycle of menstruation.
• Together with estrogen affects the metabolism and the production of insulin.
• Acts as a natural sedative.

Oxytocin:

• "Hormone of love."
• It is produced at the time of love hugs, during childbirth and breastfeeding.
• Thanks to him, the woman feels a surge of strength, inspiration, the desire to help.

TESTOSTERONE:

• It is present in smaller quantities than progesterone and estrogen, but its role is no less important.
• Participates in the synthesis of estradiol - one of the estrogen, which is produced in women of childbearing age.
• Participates in the formation of eggs.

FSG - follicle -stimulating hormone:

• It affects the maturation of follicles - bubbles in the ovaries where the eggs are formed.
• Promotes the production of estrogens.

Lutheinizing hormone:

• Like FSH, it is closely related to ovulation, necessary to fix the fertilized egg in the uterus.

Ingybin in:

• The indicator of the condition of the ovaries and the viability of the eggs.
• Based on its meanings, doctors decide the issue of the possibility of natural conception or Eco.

Antimuller hormone:

• A marker of sufficient eggs of eggs.
• Its deficiency indicates the aging of the ovaries, and excess - of their possible neoplasms.
• More accurately than inhibin B, shows the woman's ability to conceive.

THYROID-STIMULATING HORMONE:

• It causes the production of two others, triiodothyronine and thyroxine, thanks to which protein and vitamin A.
• A stable cycle of menstruation, the work of the heart, blood vessels, digestive system, the quality of vision and hearing, and maintaining stable weight are provided.

Prolactin:

• Provides the development of the mammary glands and lactation.
• It is increased during pregnancy and over the period of breastfeeding.
• In non -pregnant, its growth can signal the diseases.

DGEA (Dehydropiandrosterone and DGEA-S-Sulfate Dehydrepiapianrogosterone):

• The hormone-regulator involved in the synthesis of the most important sex hormones and provides their desired ratio.

INSULIN:

• A hormone that regulates the content of glucose in the blood, in contrast to the hormone of the glucagon that throws it into the blood.
• With their imbalance, diabetes occur.

There are also steroid sex hormones. Read more more.

Women's steroid sex hormones: list, name, functions

Steroids The group of physiologically active substances produced on a cholesterol basis is called. They enter the blood instantly, without accumulating in the glands of internal secretion.

Sex hormones - One of the groups belonging to steroid hormones. In women, they are divided into two subgroups - estrogens and progestogens. Here is a list, name and functions:

Estrogens:

The main organ that they are produced are ovaries. In small quantities, estrogens are produced by adrenal glands, bones and adipose tissue.

Interesting: Not only cholesterol, but also male sex hormones - androgens participate in their formation.

Estrogens are divided into three types:

1. Estradiol - stands out in women of childbearing age
2. Estriol - formed only in pregnant women, produced by the fetal shell
3. Estron - begins to prevail over estradiol during menopause and menopause

The value of estrogens for the female body is very great. Read more:

• For the reproductive system: Provides the ability to conceive and bearing, the correct functioning of the internal genital organs, a normal ovulatory cycle.
• For the central nervous system. Their task is a stable metabolism of brain tissue, the supply of its cells with oxygen, a slowdown in their oxidation with free radicals, which prevents the development of Alzheimer's disease. A sufficient amount of estrogen stimulates the production of dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine - “antidote” from depression.
• For blood vessels. Due to the ability to increase the level of “good” cholesterol in the blood, estrogens make them clean.
• For muscles. Estrogens affect the biosynthesis of protein - the main building material for the formation of a muscle frame.
• For the skeleton. The development of osteoclasts - cells that cause the fragility of bones.
• For appearance. Are responsible for the condition of the skin and hair, contribute to the production of collagen, which retains the skin of a young one.

Progestagen:

They are mainly produced by the yellow body of the ovary, to a lesser extent - the adrenal cortex and the placenta of the fetus. The main types of progestogens:

1. Permenonolon - serves the “base” for the production of other sex hormones.
2. Progesterone. In addition to the main task-ensuring and preserving pregnancy-regulates the level of estrogen, the excess of which can cause endometriosis and fibrous-acid mastopathy.

With a lack of progesterone, they are noted:

• Long -flowing inflammatory processes of the pelvic organs
• Bleeding outside the cycle
• Development of the fetus, premature birth or overstraining of pregnancy

Signs of excess progesterone:

• Increased skin greasy
• Excessive body hair hair
• Excess weight that is difficult to lose
• Fatual fatigue and irritability

Each female body has male hormones. Their number can be different and the work of many systems depends on it. Read more about them further.

Men's hormones in the female body: names, functions

Nature arranged so that steroid male hormones in limited quantities are also present in the female body, participating in important organic processes. They affect the formation of muscles and bones, increases the amount of red blood cells in the blood, reduces the likelihood of thrombosis, cause libido, and also participate in the production of estradiol.

Androgens of the female body - names and functions:

• Testosterone - Makes a woman active, sports and purposeful, increases the attraction to the opposite sex. Normal content - not higher than 3.78 nmol/l. More about this read the hormone in another article on our website.  
• DGEA-S. - It is produced only by healthy ovaries and prevents the appearance of excess weight. Its excess can cause obesity by male type and hair growth on the body. Norm - up to 11.7 μmol/l.
• Androstendion - Together with testosterone, it creates a base for the formation of estrogen. Should not exceed 19 nmol/l.

There are also female hormones in the body of men. Their names are published below. Read further.

Women's hormones in the body in men: name, functions

Female hormones in the male body have completely different tasks than in female. Here is their name and functions:

• Estrogens - regulatory processes regulate, are responsible for the cognitive function, the work of the heart and blood vessels, and cause attraction to the opposite sex. The upper rate of the norm - 70 pg/ml.
• Progesterone - It has the ability to process the most important male hormone testosterone. It does not allow the figure to form according to the female type due to an excess of estrogen, prevents the prostate tumor formations, and ensures the quality of sexual life. Should not exceed 6.0 nmol/l.
• Prolactin - enhances the action of estrogens, in large quantities leads to a decrease in testosterone and impaired spermatogenesis. The upper boundary of the norm - 360 honey/l.
• FSG - indispensable in the formation of male germ cells, but should not exceed 11 Med/ml.
• Oxytocin - In men, it has very few, but it prevents an excess of testosterone and causes a feeling of attachment and love for a woman.

If a man has deviations from the norm in hormones, then health problems appear. Therefore, hormones must be taken not only to women, but also to men, especially if there are some kind of ailments.

Female cycle phases: Names and hormones

The average duration of the menstrual cycle is 28 days With a permissible divergence of 2-3 days. Monthly normally go from three days to a week. The female cycle can be divided into three phases, on each of which certain hormones prevail in the blood. Here is a description of these phases with the names of hormones:

Folicular phase:

• It begins from the first day and lasts up to three weeks.
• It is characterized by the active growth of follicles, the ripening of the egg from one dominant ovary.
• The uterus and its inner layer are increasing, which then rejects along with an unfertilized cell.
• This time is accompanied by gradual growth FSGdue to which the active production of estradiol occurs. Thus, the body is preparing for pregnancy.

The ovulation phase:

• Its duration is about two days.
• The day before the maturation of the egg, the amount of luteinizing hormone necessary for the formation of the yellow body increases many times.
• The egg ready to meet with a sperm, the egg leaves the ovary.
• Estradiol reaches maximum values.

Luthein phase:

• It lasts up to 12 days.
• This is the final stage of the cycle.
• After the egg is released, the follicle closes and the yellow body is produced in it - the cells generating progesterone.
• It, in turn, causes the growth of the endometrium and helps the uterus to accumulate nutrients, preparing it for possible implantation of the fetal egg.

Thanks to these three phases and produced hormones, a woman can become pregnant and take out a child. If there are any deviations in female health, then not only these hormones, but also the pituitary and hypothalamus are checked. Read further.

Hormones of the pituitary gland and hypothalamus: description and functions

Pituitary - The small gland of internal secretion, the appendage of the brain located under its bark. In the "jurisdiction" of the pituitary gland are growth, metabolism, reproductive function. The pituitary gland and biologically active substances produced by it are directly related to the hypothalamus - a section of the intermediate brain that produces their own hormones, essential for life. These two types of hormones should be balanced in order to avoid failures in the body.

Hormones of the hypothalamus - Description and functions:

• Somatoliberin, or “growth hormone”, is synthesized by a hypothalamus, acting on the pituitary gland. Its insufficient production can lead to dwarfism, and too high to giantism.
• Tyroliberin - It also affects the pituitary gland in which the same hormone begins to be produced. It affects the state of the nervous system, acts as an antidepressant. Its excess can cause infertility.

Pituitary hormones:

• Prolactin
• Follicle -stimulating and luteinizing hormones

They are called gonadotropic, as they are responsible for the functioning of the gonads - the sex glands.

How hormones are treated in women and men: the name of the drugs

The female body acts about 60 hormones, if their balance is respected, then well -being is good. Problems - from visual impairment to infertility - are often caused by hormonal malfunctions, which lead hard diets, stress, infections. Heredity plays an important role.

With a lack of biologically active substances, their pharmaceutical counterparts or substances are prescribed that stimulate the synthesis of their own hormones. Read the article on our website about modern contraception in women. Here's how hormones are treated in women - the name of the drugs:

• "Libyal", "Femoston", "Proginova" - Estrogen -containing drugs. They are prescribed for menopause or delayed sexual development.
• "Duphaston", "Utrozhezta" - Fill the lack of progesterone. Indications - endometriosis, bleeding outside the cycle, the threat of termination of pregnancy.
• With overwhelming hormones (sometimes related to neoplasms), scolding drugs are prescribed.
• "Zodex", "decapeptil" "Depherelin" - It is indicated in the treatment of fibroids, fibromioma, endometriosis caused by an excess of estrogen. Used in IVF programs. "Tamoxifen" is a narrowly administered drug for the treatment of breast tumors.
• "Esmia", "Ginestril" - They achieve a decrease in the action of progesterone. They are used in preparation for the removal of fibromyamia, for the treatment of uterine bleeding in mature women.

Male hormonal disorders take place at any age and even before birth.

• Hormonal imbalance can cause diseases of the pituitary gland, hypothalamus, adrenal glands, thyroid gland, testicles.
• The problems in the work of the intestines and liver, which convert and remove hormones, also lead to this.
• With a lack of testosterone, vitamin complexes or non -drug stimulation of the testicles are usually prescribed.
• With excess and increased sensitivity to the main hormone - "Kasodex" or "Androkur".
• If the cause of the increased formation of testosterone is associated with the tumor, it is usually removed.

Drugs that normalize hormonal background of the male body: “Carnitine”, “Arginin”, “Tribestan”, “Omega 3-6-9”.

Increased hormone testosterone in men and women: causes and consequences

The uncontrolled growth of the main male hormone present in women can carry out danger to health.

The reasons increasing testosterone in men:

• In adolescents - ahead of sexual development
• Violations of the susceptibility of the body to androgens
• The pituitary tumors
• Pathologies of testicles of different origin, including infectious
• Liver diseases
• Adverse external influences - radiation, stress, poor nutrition

Signs excessive amount of hormone:

• Increased aggressiveness
• Hypertrophied sex drive, which is difficult to satisfy
• Excess oily skin, acne
• Rough voice
• Body weight growth associated with muscle growth
• Difficulties with diuresis and erection

If you leave such conditions without attention, you can provoke more serious consequences and health problems - the adenoma of the prostate, heart disease, blood clots, infertility.

Conditions when testosterone in women rises:

• Pregnancy, which is a variant of the norm
• The impact of the hereditary factor
• Increasing the level of insulin in the blood - testosterone depends on this hormone directly
• Multiple cysts and other ovarian diseases
• Hyperplasia adrenal glands
• The adenoma of the pituitary gland
• Neoplasms of ovary and mammary glands
• Negative external factors - excess weight, incorrect diets, sharp rejection of training

As you can understand that it became too much:

• Hair appears around the nipples, above the upper lip, on the stomach, or too thickly grow on the limbs
• The muscles are formed according to the male type
• The cycle is knocked down, bleeding between menstruation occurs or amenorrhea occurs
• Hair falls on the head
• "Drings" weight
• It is difficult for a woman to get pregnant or preserve pregnancy

In the absence of timely treatment, the problem is aggravated, and there is also a risk:

• Cessation of ovulation
• Miscarriage or frozen pregnancy
• Diabetes
• Brittle bones
• Malignant neoplasms

Analyzes of the chemical composition of the blood - with strict observance of the conditions of delivery - are prescribed only by specialists, as well as drug treatment of hormonal imbalance. The consequences of hormones can be irreversible.

Video: Hormones - views, how do they work, what tests to take?

Read on the topic:

• What is a hormonal failure: what is dangerous?
• Prolactin norm in women by age: Table
• TTG: What is it and the norm by age?
• Hormone replacement therapy in women after 50 years
• When is the abolition of contraceptive tablets, COK?