Islam religion - what is it: Brief information

Each religion is unique and valuable for the people. In this article, we will briefly consider Islam.

Content

What do you know about Islam? We suggest you slightly open the curtain of this religion.

What is the name of Muslim faith?

One of the most common religions in the world is Islam. Arabic scribble is written like this: الإسلام‎. In another way, this faith can also be called muslimism or magometheism.
It was founded in Hijaz in 610. In the world there are about 1.8 billion Muslims that inhabit more than 125 countries, in 28 of them Islam is an official religion.
Their religion is called monotheism.
In Muslims, sacred books are Koran and Sunnah, And the main temple - Kaaba, Al-Haram Mosque.

The word Islam in Arabic: what does it mean?

Islam (in Arabic الإسلام) It can be called "humility", "learning oneself to a single god."
This religion is the youngest among the rest, in terms of the number of believers, it is second only to Christianity.
Is the world monotheistic Abrahamic religion, whose adherents are divided into Sunnis (85-90 %) and shiites, Ibadites, which, in turn, formed mazhabs.

Who was the founder of the Islam religion?

The founder and preacher of Islam became prophet Muhammad (571-632).
The beginning of the 7th century was marked by the emergence of Islam, which at first covered Western Arabia and Mecca and has become one of the "Abrahamic religions" that are distinguished revolutionary (God -trotted) traditions.
Prophet Muhammad Even at the dawn of the emergence of Islam, the monotheism began to preach, which, according to him, needed to be cleansed of distorted interpretations, to which they resorted to jews, Christians and Gentiles.
Simultaneously with Muhammad, five Arabians declared themselves prophets. But since he was a very odious person in the spiritual sphere and politics, most of the supporters joined him, which contributed to the statement of Islam.
Muhammad was born in Mecca, in the Kurayshite tribe and eventually became active meccan Hanif.
Until 40 years, he has been past a herd, a lot of places unfamiliar to him proceeded with the trade caravan. Long transitions contributed to the development of philosophical inclinations and thoughts about the structure of being.
When he turned 40 years old (in 610), he took the courage to declare his fellow citizens that he was a messenger (Rasul) and a prophet (Nabi) of a single god (Allah). It was then that his first sermons sounded in Mecca, on which a new monotheistic religion, which he called Islam, was presented.
Muhammad openly declared that God is one, and all believers should become a brotherhood and observe simple moral standards. But the Meccan nobility did not support him, moreover, she was persecuted, and already 12 years after he declared himself a prophet, he had to leave Mecca and hide in Medina.

Muhammad in his wanderings was accompanied by a few adherents who were ready to sacrifice themselves for their leader.

What do Muslims profess?

In Islam, there is no church institution and dogma by the type of Christian. The theses on which Islam are based are listed in the Qur'an and Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad.
These are revelations - those that come from God and those that the Prophet uttered. Sunnis are guided by a canonical creed, consisting of faith in the fact that God is One, And that there are angels, scriptures, prophets and predestination. And also - faith that Nobody will be able to avoid the Judgment Day, and therefore it is necessary to sacredly honor all these canons and follow them all their lives.

Islamic anthropology is denied by "original sin." Their theologians are sure that Adam and Eve received forgiveness from God, which means that there is no sin on them. And therefore, the atoning self -sacrifice of Jesus Christ was not so necessary.

In the Qur'an (this sacred book, all Muslims unconditionally believe) speaks of God (Allah) as about one and omnipotent Creator of all things on earth. He does not have and does not accept any images, and people professing Islam claim that Allah is the only object of worship.
The Qur'an extols the absolute unity of Allah, his Wisdom and perfection.

Strict monotheism and unconditional humility to the Unified God is the basis of the Islamic faith.

Muslims are obliged to recognize the unity of God and the prophetic mission of Muhammad. Shahada formula: "I testify that there is no deity except Allah, and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah" It should be pronounced consciously, with the full conviction that it is a real truth.
In order to accept Islam, this formula must sound from the lips of a person. This is enough, but in words it should sincere faith is heard. Shahada is usually pronounced when a child is born, when a person’s life approaches his completion, and also when a five -time daily prayer is pronounced.

5 main cult duties of Muslims

In the Muslim cult, there are five “pillars of Islam” (Arkan ad-Din), which were formulated even when the Prophet Muhammad was alive:

shahada - about the confession of faith;
salyat or prayer - about prayer;
saum or Uraza - About the post per month of Ramadan;
zakat - About alms (2.5 % of income);
hajj - About pilgrimage to Mecca.

Sometimes another obligation is added to them - jihad, which translates as “struggle for faith” and “effort”. It happens in 5 forms: spiritual (the path to God is comprehended through internal self -improvement), sword (armed struggle with infidels), heart (study of personal passions), language (commanding what is approved, and about the prohibition of what is condemned), hands ( Disciplinary measures for criminals).

Now militant jihad They use terrorist and extremist Muslim groups, justifying their activities as part of the ideology of Islam.

Prayer

For a ritual obligatory fivefold prayer, they are allotted specific watches. This ritual has been established for a long time, and Muslims strictly adhere to it. Morning prayer is called fajr, daytime - Zuhr, pre -shaking - ’asr, evening - Maghreb, night -’ isha.
The prayer cannot be performed without preliminary ritual washing with water, called Voodoo ’; You can also use for these purposes clean land is called TAAM.
Muslims have the right to pronounce the words of prayer, only completely wrapped in closed clothes, turning their face towards Mecca.
Friday -The day of visiting mosques, where special prayers are performed-Juma-Namaz. But not only they are obliged to carry out a true Muslim. There are optional, which are pronounced at holidays, funerals, at a time when a person is overcome by life difficulties, after washing, going to enter the mosque.

Fast

In the Muslim calendar, the ninth month is called Ramadan, during which Muslims adhere to a post. The adherent adherents of Islam at this time from morning to evening do not eat food, drink, do not smoke and exclude all sensual pleasures.
Marital intimate relationships are also not allowed. Muslims can eat before dawn and shortly after the sun sits down.
This month was endowed with a sacred character due to the fact that the night of the 27th Ramadan was marked by the beginning of sending the Prophet Muhammad of the heads of the Koran.
In addition, Islam also provides for the presence of different individual posts - according to vows, for the redemption of sins or from pious intentions.

Pilgrimage

Each of the Muslims is obliged at least once in his life to become a pilgrim in Mecca. The pilgrimage must be done in the period from 7 to 10 days 12 months of Zu-l-hija.
The one who did Hajj receives the title hajiwhich is very honorable and respected among Muslims.
In addition to the collective Hajj, each adept of Islam at any time can single -handedly make a pilgrimage to holy places - such zeal to religious cults is very encouraged both in the spiritual environment and in the world.

Alms

Alms are an act mandatory for Muslims. Every year they must pay for help to those in need - 1/40 part of the income.
Alms are charged from all types of property income or crop.
Only those funds that are spent on their own needs or economic affairs are not taken into account.
Muslims have a holiday called Eid al Adha, And even before his onset, every adherent of Islam must give his alms (Zakat al-Fitr).