Uterine fibroids: symptoms and signs, treatment. Uterine fibroids - dimensions for surgery, surgery of uterine fibroids of large sizes, consequences

Women of reproductive age can encounter a common gynecological disease called uterine fibroids. A neoplasm of muscle and connective tissue is a benign formation, which, under adverse conditions, can develop into malignant.

Myoma arises as a result of abortion, inflammatory processes, gynecology operations, hormonal imbalance and other uterine damage. Let us consider in more detail the causes of myoma, the symptoms of the disease and methods of treatment.

Uterine fibroids: symptoms and signs

• The size of the neoplasm is from several millimeters to several centimeters. But the dimensions for the operation Do not play a fundamental role. When choosing a treatment method, a whole set of characteristics is taken into account.
• In modern medicine, there are several methods of influencing the tumor. Under certain conditions, it is assigned Operation to remove myoma along with the uterus. With a conservative approach, hormone therapy, ultrasonic treatment method, method of embolization of the uterine arteries, etc. are prescribed.
• At the initial stages development of uterine fibroids It has weakly expressed symptoms and it is quite difficult to recognize the deviation on its own. The neoplasm is most often detected by a planned examination by a gynecologist.

Signs of uterine fibroids of large sizes are accompanied by pronounced symptoms that have much in common with others with other gynecological diseases.

• Bloody daub on different days of the cycle
• Abundant and painful menstrual discharge, unstable cycle
• Changing the nature and frequency of emptying under pressure from a large -size fibroids
• Pelvic discomfort, pulling pain in the lower abdomen
• Sudden uterine bleeding
• Acidity of the abdominal volume, obesity
• Symptoms of intoxication of the body, weakness, shortness of breath, low performance

Depending on the direction of growth of myoma, it has a negative effect on the organs of the genitourinary system. It can be constipation, frequent urination, violations of the outflow of urine, pulling pain.

• Running uterine fibroids provokes uterine bleeding, which can lead to anemia.
• The disease reduces reproductive function of a woman And adversely affects neighboring organs.

Causes of uterine fibroids

• The main reason for the occurrence of uterine fibroids is hormonal imbalance of the body.
• At risk are women aged 25-50 years.
• With a growing reproductive age in a woman the level of female hormones falls, And myoma is absorbed without drug treatment.

Causes of uterine fibroids:

• broken metabolism
• using intrauterine contraceptives
• unfavorable heredity
• abortion And the absence of children
• sexual intercourse without orgasm
• long -term stay in stress
• stagnant phenomena in the pelvic organs
• imbalance of the level of female hormones of estrogen

The birth of a baby and breastfeeding is a natural prevention of uterine fibroids. A premature pregnancy has the opposite effect.

• The nutrition of a woman is important. Obesity provokes growth of estrogens.
• The menu should have more plant foods and less fat.
• To nutrition is added vitamin therapy, reducing the sensitivity of the reproductive system to estrogens.
• Disgrabs from sexual activity leads to stagnant phenomena in the pelvis And as a result, the growth of uterine fibroids.

Diagnosis of uterine fibroids

• Before diagnosis of uterine fibroids It is necessary to do an initial examination by a gynecologist. The doctor makes up the history and prescribes instrumental research.
• The uterine fibroids can be located in various muscle layers of the uterus. Depending on the number of uterine fibroid nodes is single or multiple. Gynecologist can deflect large nodes when examined on a chair.
• An ultrasound examination confirms the results of a visual inspection. To inspect the cervix, use laparoscopy And hysteroscopy. As an additional study, it is prescribed Urography.
• Early diagnosis avoids surgical intervention. It is very important to correctly predict the treatment and control the effectiveness of treatment methods.
• The treatment method is selected depending on the size and localization of neoplasms, the age of the patient and symptoms. The value of myoma is compared with the dimensions of the uterus during pregnancy and indicated uterine fibroids 4, uterine fibroids 5 etc.
• At the advanced stages of myoma, it is necessary to exclude the likelihood of malignant education, for which doctors prescribe the passage of MRI. Surgical intervention is carried out by gynecologists-surgeons.

How is the uterine fibroids treated without surgery?

Medication therapy of uterine fibroids is indicated under the following conditions:

• Slow growth neoplasms
• Lack of discomfort in the patient
• Myoma appeared no more than 3 months ago
• The patient's childbirth is behind

With the help of drugs in the treatment of uterine fibroids, it is possible to achieve the following results:

• Normalize metabolism
• To establish a menstrual cycleexclude unscheduled bleeding

• Restore the microflora of the genitals

Hormonal drugs are prescribed in the form of injections. Treatment is carried out for six months. Under the influence of drugs, the size of the uterus decreases at least half.

• If myoma causes painful sensations to the patient, then they are prescribed Nonsteroidal anti -inflammatory drugs.
• With too abundant menstruation, an intrauterine system is put to change the hormonal background "MIRENA".
• As a result of drug treatment, growth slows down uterine fibroids. Treatment is designed for older patients, since when menopause, there is a high probability of complete resorption of the neoplasm.
• Hormones treatment at a young age Often leads to complications with other organs. If the uterine fibroids are detected, it is necessary to exclude overheating in the sun, in the sauna.

Treatment of uterine fibroids with an ultrasound method

• Another effective treatment method is Coagulation of uterine nodes using ultrasound. This type of treatment is considered progressive, as it has a number of advantages compared to surgical intervention.
• The ultrasonic method of treating myoma It has a sparing effect on the uterus and excludes side effects, including bleeding. The function of childbearing is preserved.
• Fast rehabilitation allows you to return in a short time to the usual lifestyle. The re -growth of myoma after this treatment method is unlikely.

Operation of uterine fibroids

• The uterine fibroids without surgery are treated only at the initial stage.
• Large sizes It implies the removal of the uterus with the neoplasm.
• Most often, two modern methods are used.

Operational removal of the uterus is prescribed for the next set of readings:

• Bleeding with uterine fibroids, rapid growth of education
• Myoma consists of several nodes, individual nodes have complications
• Placement fibroids come from the wall of the uterus to the inner shell
• The growth of endometrial tissue in the muscle wall of the uterus was detected
• The myoma knot begins to die and decompose.

Laparoscopy has the most gentle effect. Operation with quick recovery that allows patients to have children in the future. This method is contraindicated in the formation of more than 3 components of fibroids, as well as with the size of myoma more than 15 cm.

• Another operational method consists in blocking the access of blood flow to the components of myoma. After a time, the neoplasms are reduced or resolved.
• The embolization method excludes Repeated development of fibroids And removes unpleasant symptoms.
• The operation to remove the uterine fibroids is carried out after unsuccessful drug therapy and does not always exclude repeated relapses.

Surgical removal of uterine fibroids

• Uterus of large sizes And with brightly exposed symptoms are removed by a surgical method.

• With a rapid growth of fibroids and the premises for oncology, treatment does not bring the desired result.
• It is very important for an unbroken woman with a myoma uterus to save the function of the childbearing, Therefore, for such patients, conservative surgical treatment is selected while preserving the uterus.

Surgical removal is carried out according to several methods:

• mimectomy - Haging of myoma nodes
• hysteroscopy - excision of myoma laser
• miometroectomy - resection of overgrown nodes while maintaining the integrity of the uterus
• hysterapertomy - Cutting the uterus completely
• removing the body of the uterus while preserving the neck
• review of the cervix mucosa

Hysteroscopy is contraindicated in the diagnosis of chronic diseases, if the cancer is overstated, an infection in the female genitalia is detected.

Uterine fibroids during pregnancy

• In the modern world, the age of the women in labor has moved slightly, and includes a large percentage of patients from risk group.
• In the presence of uterine fibroids in the patient, it is necessary to undergo a comprehensive diagnosis before conception.
• It is important to understand how myoma affects pregnancy.

First of all, myoma prevents conception, squeezing the fallopian tubes. If a woman managed to get pregnant, then the following complications are possible:

• Complications of the leaked pregnancy when contacting fibroids with the placenta, the probability of its detachment
• Progression of inflammatory processes, infection infection
• Poor blood circulation in the uterus, too frequent uterine contractions, which can provoke a miscarriage
• The likelihood of premature birth, a high probability of necessity cesarean section
• Large heom pressure can lead to fetal deformation
• In any month of pregnancy, it can occur necrosis of myoma With serious consequences

In rare cases, components of fibroids can become an obstacle overlapping the birth canal. With acute symptoms, surgical intervention is performed. In other cases, analgesics and pastel regime are prescribed.

Uterine fibroids: treatment with folk remedies

To an individual treatment plan prescribed by a doctor, it is advisable to connect treatment with folk remedies. It can be the fees of herbs, beekeeping products, homeopathy.

• Carrots for bleeding. The young carrot tops are brewed with boiling water in a ratio of 2 to 1, insist and taken 2-3 times a day.
• Burdock roots with myoma and bleeding. Grind the roots of an adult burdock. 5 g of raw materials pour 500 ml of boiling water. Standed infusion take half a glass 3 times a day for 7-10 days. Repeat the course after two weeks.
• Collection of herbs with uterine fibroids. In the same ratio, mix nettle, series, celandine, valerian, rosehip, St. John's wort, hawthorn, mint. 1 cup of dry collection is poured with a liter of boiled water. It is taken at night and between meals.
• Cherry bark at uterine fibroids. On the bottom of the cherry trunk, tear the strips of cherry bark and pour 1-2 liters of boiling water. After insisting, drink in small portions during the day.

When choosing a folk remedy for uterine fibroids, it is necessary to consult with the attending physician.

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Video: Why did the uterine fibroids appear and how to treat it?