Treatment of coronavirus transfusion of blood plasma: effectiveness, indications, contraindications. Features of treatment with coronavirus plasma

Plasma is blood freed from red blood cells and lymphocytes. The blood component is used to treat serious diseases. In this article we will tell you whether it is possible to cure coronavirus with plasma. 

Coronavirus treatment with blood plasma transfusion: effectiveness

The introduction of plasma is a rather effective way that is not suitable for everyone. It is impossible to carry out plasma transfusion without analysis to reduce the likelihood of complications. Sometimes an immune response is enough to develop your own antibodies, and not to get sick for several months, even when in a room where there are many infected people.The introduction of plasma is required for patients in whom the temperature is held at high marks of 39-40 for 3-4 days. As soon as the patient’s condition begins to deteriorate during this period, it is necessary to introduce plasma.

Coronavirus treatment with blood plasma transfusion, effectiveness:

• US scientists have proven that with the introduction of plasma, the likelihood of mortality is reduced by 57 % when it is on artificial ventilation of the lungs. 
• Timely introduction of plasma quickly normalizes the body's function, stimulates the immune response, as a result of which the disease is quite easily transferred, and does not pass into the severe phase. 
• Treatment of blood plasma is considered an experimental method that is not included in the coronavirus treatment protocol. However, in Russia there are a lot of cases when patients who received blood plasma had much less complications and were cured much faster.
• Blood plasma due to the presence of a large amount of immunoglobulins reduces the effect of viruses on the body. At the same time, the body itself does not spend resources on the formation of antibodies, as they are introduced with plasma.
• Now scientists Japan and Germany are developing concentrated immunoglobulin, for seriously ill patients. This will not overflow the plasma, but with the help of one injection to significantly reduce the effect of the virus on the body, in cases of its severe course. 

What are the donors of plasma for the treatment of coronavirus?

The first experiments began in Jun, in February 2020. Chinese doctors with this method treated atypical pneumonia. It was found that antibodies of people who have suffered a disease help patients to recover faster.

This is exactly what the doctors expressed to experiment with the treatment of coronavirus. Initially, such manipulations were carried out in China, the USA and Australia. Now practice is quite common, but there are several features. Not any plasma is suitable for introducing to another person. It is believed that a certain stage is neededdiseaseson which blood is chosen. 

What plasma donors are needed for the treatment of coronavirus:

• If this is a person who has been mild to the coronavirus, then there are very few antibodies in it. Accordingly, the plasma will contain an insufficient number of globulins to form immunity, and allow the sick person to recover as soon as possible.
• Such patients may not take blood, because it is ineffective. The plasma of elderly people who transferred the disease is very difficult, on the artificial ventilation of the lungs, is not suitable. Such patients have a very weak immune response, so they get much longer, and antibodies are extremely small. Their blood is not suitable for administration.
• An ideal patient for passing plasma is a person who has passed more than 14 days from the date of the end of the disease, but at the same time, pneumonia developed against the background of coronavirus. But in general, the disease took place in a mild form, and it was not required by artificial ventilation of the lungs or manipulations associated with the administration of oxygen. Such patients are ideal. They choose more often men as donors, since in women the immune response is formed thanks to estrogens that do not allow the virus to develop. 

When is it impossible to treat the blood plasma of coronavirus?

It is absolutely useless to introduce antibodies to a person who begancytokine Storm, with re -high temperature, and destruction of body cells. The introduction of plasma with antibodies can aggravate the situation and cause an even more aggressive response of the immune system.

When it is impossible to treat the blood plasma of coronavirus:

• Plasma cannot be introduced to patients who are on artificial ventilation. The fact is that during this period the virus caused significant damage to the body, and antibodies were sufficiently developed in it.
• But the serious condition of the patients is due to the work of the virus. The main task in the treatment of plasma is to prevent a deterioration in the state, and the development of difficult situations, up to the artificial ventilation of the lungs. Plasma is introduced to prevent the need to use oxygen. 

Plasma works on the principle of passive immunity that a person receives with mother's milk. The newborn is originally born without resistance to various diseases, but from the mother it is saturated with scraps of viral particles, as a result of which it is possible to avoid infection with a large number of diseases. Typically, such immunity remains up to 1 year, so children under 1 year need to do as many vaccinations as possible from dangerous ailments. 

How to take blood plasma in coronavirus?

This method has a number of disadvantages. Unfortunately, not all people who have been ill with coronavirus are suitable as donors. The concentration of immunoglobulins should be within certain limits. If the virus proceeds in a mild form, antibodies may not be enough for a response, when the patient is introduced into the body. 

How to take blood plasma in coronavirus:

• The donor must take a small amount of blood for analysis to determine the titer, that is, the concentration of antibodies to coronavirus. If they are not enough, such blood is not suitable for delivery. It is necessary that the blood is on the quarantine for 4 months.
• Diseases such as HIV or hepatitis C, have a rather long incubation period and may not appear in the blood at the very beginning of the infection. Therefore, it is necessary to withstand the plasma for 4 months, to do a second analysis for the most dangerous ailments and only then conduct transfusion. 
• Immediately after delivery, the plasma is frozen and stored for 4 months. Next, it is defrosted, brought to a comfortable temperature, and by the method of transfusion, it is introduced to a sick person. It is necessary that the blood type and the Rh factor in the donor and the recipient coincide. 
• A person who passes the plasma feels much better than with standard blood donation. Immediately with a donor, blood processing in a centrifuge occurs. The liquid part goes into one container, and the constituent elements of the blood are returned to the donor. At a time, a person can pass about 650 ml of blood. 
• Now in the capital's clinics, the practice of plasma transfusion is quite common. Several hospitals take donor blood in people who have been ill with coronavirus. 

This is a kind of alternative to collective immunity that occurs in kids in kindergarten. Children exchange various infections with each other, as a result of which a large number of scraps of various viruses appear in the blood. After meeting with a similar virus, the patient does not get sick, because his blood hasimmune cells, who have already encountered a similar virus and can answer him. 

This is not a vaccination, plasma is not introduced to healthy people. Usually this method is used if a person is at risk, and complications have already begun due to the struggle of the body with coronavirus. These are mainly elderly people who have very weak cellular immunity and the body does notin power Reply to the cells of the virus. Therefore, the introduction of antibodies that have already encountered the virus is necessary. 

Plasma in coronavirus: Indications

There are several categories of patients who recommend plasma transfusion.

Plasma in coronavirus, readings:

• Confirmed Covid-19 using the PCR test 
• Pneumonia, which is not treated with antibiotics and complicated by distress syndrome 
• Pneumonia with contraindications to the use of drugs that are included in the treatment protocol 
• Suppressed immunity and complications with a mild course of the disease 
• The presence of an ailment for 3 weeks without visible improvements 

Plasma transfusion in coronavirus: Contraindications

However, this is not a panacea, there are contraindications to the use of this treatment method.

Plasma transfusion in coronavirus contraindications:

• If the patient refuses
• If the patient has observedtransfusion reactions after blood transfusion ever 
• Office of plasma proteins 
• Diseases associated with immunity and deficiencyimmunoglobulin  

How is coronavirus treatment with antibodies carried out?

The use of plasma is useful not only due to the introduction of antibodies into the body, but due to the presence of enzymes that reduce the formation of blood clots. This is an additional advantage, since in most patients in the case of severe course, thrombosis of the vessels of the lungs occurs, and blood coagulation increases. The introduction of plasma dilutes blood, and minimizes the possibility of thrombosis. For effective treatment, the first portion must be introduced in the presence of the first signs of lung damage. This is usually visible on CT. With a mild course, it is pointless to introduce plasma, since the body to cope with the disease independently,developing antibodies. 

How is the treatment of coronavirus plasma with antibodies carried out:

• To begin with, a small amount is introduced in the volume of 30 ml. It is not poured right away, but 5-10 ml, dropped. Control pulse, breathing and temperature.
• Next, the dose may increase. The maximum dose for one administration is not more than 600 ml. 

A lot of interesting things can be found in articles:

• Consequences and weakness after coronavirus
• Malaise after vaccination against influenza
• Cytokine storm with coronavirus
• Red dots in the sky in the mouth in children and adults

This plasma already contains antibodies, that is, the body of a sick person should not produce them. This is very relevant among categories with very weak cellular immunity. Immune cells are not able to withstand the virus. Therefore, in the elderly, patients with immunodeficiency, there is no response to the virus. Thus, the harm from the introduction of an agent in the body is much higher than that of young people, with severe immunity and cellular reaction. 

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