How does the visual system of the child develop in the first year of life? Vision in a newborn child by month

A huge role in the correct formation of the visual system of the child is played by the way of life and nutrition of the mother during pregnancy. The balanced diet of a pregnant woman is especially important. Therefore, it is necessary to include fermented milk products, fruits, vegetables rich in vitamin A, which contribute to the proper formation of visual analyzers of the future baby.

Read on our website another article on the topic: "How should a newborn sleep: dressed or not?". What to wear a newborn child during sleep?

And then the baby was born. When does a newborn begin to see? What is his eye color? Read further.

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When does a newborn child begin to see?

A newborn child begins to see from birth, but not like an adult.

A person’s vision is a very important and fragile organ, which is an external analyzer and performs an important informative function. It is through the eyes that a person receives the most complete information about the outside world.

The first year of human life is the most significant in the formation and development of visual analyzers. At this age stage, many environmental factors can adversely affect the children's body. The entire visual system of the cerebral cortex is laid and develop during pregnancy - at 8-10 weeks. On the 24-26 weeks pregnancy is completely formed by the eye, and at 38 weeks Pregnancy The fetus blinks and opens the eyes.

When does a newborn child begin to see?

At the time of birth The kid perceives only very bright flashes of light.
Gradually, objects of the surrounding reality begin to loom in front of the newborn.
In the first stages, the child focuses only on large objects and gradually learns to observe their movement on a small area around him.
To 6 months The visual acuity increases, which helps the baby to recognize relatives, observe small objects, try to grab their toys, gradually mastering the surrounding space.

The vision of the newborn has differences from the vision of adults. And it is purely physiological - in the baby the eyeballs are much smaller than that of an adult. The image in newborns arises behind the retina, and not on it, therefore, all young children have normal farsightedness, due to which they do not distinguish between the contours of small objects.

The illustration of the world, which adults can see, seems to be a set of spots of various levels of illumination and intensity for kids.

What is the color of the eyes of newborns: with what eyes are children born?

In newborn children, even strabismus is considered the norm

Almost all children are born with blue eyes. But the color of the iris changes with age and the initial shade of the eyes can be preserved approximately 30% of the kids, Because the mesh shell, as the most important organ of vision, is saturated with melanin pigmentation cells, which give the shade to the eyes. The fetus was not enough sunlight that contribute to the production of melanin pigment, after birth it begins to be produced with a vengeance. Therefore, the color of the eyes in most newborns changes either immediately after the birth, or for some time.

It is worth knowing:

The larger the retinal cells are saturated with melanin, the darker the color of the iris in the child and the eyes will be saturated dark color (brown or black).
And vice versa - the iris will be lighter if the level of this substance is reduced, so the color of the eyes will be light - blue, blue, green, etc.
But the above colors of the iris are very rare in its pure form, and most people have mixed color shades of the eyes-blue-green, gray-green, yellow-brown, etc.

If you carefully observe the baby daily for a long time, then you can notice changes in the color of the iris. In some newborns, blue color is saturated, in others it is saturated with new tones-interspersed yellow or green, dark eyes are gradually clarifying and from black go into light brown. To 12 months The color of the iris becomes constant, but in some babies it continues to change up to three years, and at 8% of people It is also formed in adulthood.

Important: Parents often have a fear if the pupils of the baby are clouded and painfully react to bright light. In this case, it is necessary to contact a children's ophthalmologist in order to exclude visual impairment in the early stages.

The child’s vision is formed throughout the first year of life, regardless of eye color, has a number of features.

What is the vision of newborn children up to a month?

In newborn children up to a month, vision is not the same as in adults.

The kid is almost always sleeping up to a month. He reacts poorly to the world. Therefore, parents are always interested in what vision of newborn children has up to a month.

Born child in the first 20 days of life sees the world in black and white And does not respond to bright colors, so multi -colored rattles do not attract it.
He begins to distinguish the outlines of the mother's face at a distance 15-20 centimeters And reacts to bright light, squinting and blinking.
Sometimes the baby cries loudly and twists his head in order to hide his eyes - this is a manifestation of an unconditional visual reflex.
After about a couple of weeks, the newborn distinguishes, in addition to light, the outlines of other objects surrounding it.

How is the development of vision in the baby? Read further.

How the visual system develops, eyes in the first year of life: vision in a newborn, monthly child, in the baby by month

In a newborn baby, up to one month, there are problems with the focus of the look, since the eye muscles are not yet developed, so the baby moves his eyes inconsistent. But parents should not worry about this. Baby strabismus and the so -called "wandering" look, pass to 8 week And the eyes begin to move in agreement. Also, the newborn has no clarity in the look, all objects for him are blurry spots, since there is no yellow spot on the retina - the area responsible for visual acuity.

It is worth knowing: There is an opinion that newborns see everything in an inverted form, but it belongs to the category of myths. If the baby does not have pathologies of the brain, then he initially sees “correctly”.

How does the visual system develop, the eyes of a child in the first year of life? Vision for a monthly child, baby by month:

In 1 month The kid is already in agreement with his eyes, tries to focus his eyes on some kind of object or object, but clearly sees only the contours of large objects.

At 2 months Subject vision begins to form, stable fixation appears with two eyes. The child begins to see the colors, so far only bright - recognizes red, because he has the longest light wave. Close tones, such as, for example, red and orange, while it cannot distinguish. The baby is capable of a considerable time hold your eyes On bright toys, static objects located next to it. He tries to catch movement, eyes tries to follow the objects moving near him. Items are already seen more clearly, and the surrounding picture is not as vague as it was before. Sight acquires clarity, becomes more sharp.

At 3 months The baby begins to study objects with his eyes, watches their movement from side to side, down and up, begins to reach for them with handles to grab. Carefully considers people's faces and recognizes those whom he often sees. The color spectrum is added yellowwho begins to attract the attention of the child.

At 4 months The baby develops a grasping reflex, he reaches for toys that attract him, carefully examines them. The color scheme expands And the child begins to isolate green.

At 5 months the newborn is interested in not only static, but also moving objects. Since he is already subject to the color perception of the world, the baby it begins to distinguish shades. The child is happy to play with multi -colored cubes, it is attracted by bright objects.

At 6 months vision becomes binocular - the baby is at the same time clear sees the image of the object with both eyes And in volumetric format. In six months, a infant squint passes. The kid clearly distinguishes the main color spectrum.

At 7-8 months The child is already well comprehending the material obtained using visual analyzers, distinguishes geometric shapes, recognizes the main spectrum of colors and some shades. Distinguishes objects in shape and color scheme. The baby is good enough sees the outlines of objects And he understands the differences in their form. Confidently switches his gaze, watching the movement of objects. The color of the iris becomes constant, sometimes only a shade can change.

In 9-12 months The child begins to actively walk, explores the space and objects located in it. During this period, the baby acquaintance with objects and objects of various compositions, color, size and shape.

Each baby develops individually. It should be remembered that some characteristics may not coincide with the above. But there are no grounds for panic, since each child is unique and special, but everyone needs support for parents, affection and care, especially babies.