Nitroglycerin - instructions for use. The action of nitroglycerin with heart attacks, pain, shortness of breath, pressure

This article will become information about all aspects of the use of Nitroglycerin. We will talk about the combination of medication with alcohol and the effect of the drug on the patient’s body, indicate the analogues of this drug.

Content

First of all, it should be noted that “nitroglycerin” is a means used in the cardiological direction and has a synthetic origin. This remedy belongs to a group of drugs, which are called "organic nitrates".

"Nitroglycerin" Instructions for use

Nitroglycerin has properties vasodilator, that is, expands spasmodic Vessels. In this case, its action is mostly directed to the venous system, vessels of the heart and brain. The effect of the medication is already noted after 2 minutes after its use, while its maximum effect is noted after half an hour from the moment of taking the product. The action of nitroglycerin lasts for 1 hour on average
When receiving a means under the language at the time angina pectoris attack, it can be stopped by taking the drug already, a the course of 1.5-2 minutes. In this case, the effect of the product is observed on the lasts from half an hour to 1 hour from the date of use of nitroglycerin
The action of the product is aimed at relaxing the smooth muscles of the body, for this reason, in addition to the main effect, the product relaxes the muscles of the biliary tract, gastrointestinal tract and other internal organs

Nitroglycerin is encoded under a group of funds that improve myocardial metabolism and its blood supply.

Nitroglycerin Indications for use

The main application, as we already wrote earlier,

“Nitroglycerin” found in cardiology, therefore the following pathologies serve as evidence for its use:

• Spasm of coronary vessels (blood vessels, blood supply to the heart)
• Symptoms associated with the manifestation of angina pectoris
• ischemic state of the heart and prenfarct and heart attack states against the background of a hypertensive crisis
• heart failure of varying degrees
• Spastic state of blood vessels of the eyeball
• with planned surgical intervention in neurosurgery using nitroglycerin artificially reduce blood pressure
• when narrowing ( discinesias) certain sections of the gastrointestinal tract

The attending doctor may indicate in the recommendations any of the forms of release of this tool. You can choose the most suitable for you to use.

The form of the release of nitroglycerin and application: tablets, spray, ointment, solution, in ampoules intravenously

Nitroglycerin has a fairly extensive list of produced forms, namely:

• Sublingvalal Capsules (used under the tongue) with a substance content 0.5 mg
• tablet form, which is used subcatically (for the cheek) with the content of the substance 0.5 mg
• solution for intravenous injections (ampoules for injection)
• Aerosol or spray for irrigation of the mucous membrane of the oral cavity (under the tongue)
• tablet form of the drug with a shell coated, which have a longer effect with the content of the substance 5.2 mg
• In the form of a patch, the drug is used traceermal

Nitroglycerin: dosage

In this section, we will discuss the methods of application and dosage of the above specified forms of the drug.

The use of nitroglycerin is recommended only after consulting with a cardiologist and when appointing it.
• Capsules with nitroglycerin for sublingvalal it is recommended to put the use under the tongue and, without swallowing, keep under the tongue until completely dissolved capsules This form of release is prescribed for pain in the heart of the heart for adults at a dose of 0.5 to 1 mg per use. More than 6 capsules cannot be used per day, while a single dose should not exceed 2 capsules
• A solution of nitroglycerin for intravenous administration is used as follows: in breeding in a 5% solution of glucose or in a sodium solution of 0.9% with a concentration of 100 or 50 mKG on 1 ml. A solution is injected with a gradual increase in the dose every 5 minutes until the moment when the effect of the drug is noted or the rate of administration of the drug is increased to 0.02 mg in 1 minute. If this administration does not provide effect, then in the future it increases by 0.01 mg in 1 minute
• the use of a patch with nitroglycerin (or transdermal The use of the drug) is carried out by gluing on the skin lasting up to 14 hours, then the patch is removed and a break is taken over the next 12 hours to prevent the development of immunity.
• The tablet or capsule form of nitroglycerin is taken inside without chewing or violation of the integrity of the tablet (break). Such forms of release are taken up to 4 times a day before eating for half an hour. Since the penetration of the substance into the body is difficult in this case, a single dose can reach 19.5 mg of the product
• the use of the drug for the cheek or subbukalny It is carried out by placing a tablet on the mucous membrane of the mouth in the cheek until it is completely dissolved. In this case, the dose of admission is 2 mg no longer 3 times a day

The effect of nitroglycerin against pain, with heart attacks

Before you tell you a mechanism for relieving pain using nitroglycerin, let's let's figure it out In the reason for this sensation behind the sternum.

Angina pectoris or, as it is also called the people of the “chest toad”, can be characterized by acute or squeezing pain in the chest. The reason for this is an acute violation of the blood supply to the heart muscle and its oxygen starvation, and, accordingly, it is not the ability to adequately fulfill its contractile function for the distribution of blood
In this state, coronary vessels are narrowed and the only way to resolve this situation is to expand the lumen of the vessel to ensure free blood flow
In order to expand the vessels from them, it is necessary to remove saved condition. BUT ,as we already wrote, Nitroglycerin has the properties of an excellent vasodilator. It is for this reason that it quickly and effectively eliminates pain

How to use nitroglycerin for shortness of breath, pressure?

We begin to understand this issue in order of priority.
Article on hypertension and increased pressure You can also find on our website and read about the disease in more detail.

If a briefly understand this issue, then the reason for increasing pressure also there is a spasm of smooth muscles and, accordingly, the vessels of our body
You can also remove this spasm from the vascular channel using the use of nitroglycerin, and by removing the spasm we will facilitate the load on the heart and reduce the general blood pressure
The breath is also a symptom of an attack of angina pectoris or heart failure. In case of violation of the blood supply to the heart, its work is violated in the same way, while the function of the lungs also suffers, which ensure the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
In this case, a “vicious circle” is formed not to the heart enough oxygen and it suffers, and oxygen cannot adequately enter the bloodstream due to impaired work in the heart

Thus removed spasm and ensuring adequate blood supply to the heart muscles We will be able to normalize work and work lungs.

Nitroglycerin infarction

It is worth noting here that it is precisely the sharp narrowing of the lumen of coronary vessels that are a common cause of heart attack.
It is for this reason that “nitroglycerin” can become a “rescue circle” with myocardial infarction
But this is only if the reason is precisely in the spasm of the vascular channel

Contraindications to the use of "nitroglycerin"

There are a number of strict contraindications to the use of nitroglycerin:

• Collaptoid condition
• shock condition
• Reduced blood pressure
• myocardial infarction in the acute phase and a clear decrease in blood pressure
• Cardiopathology associated with hypertrophy and obstruction
• inflammation of the pericardium
• Tamponade (rupture) of the heart
• pulmonary edema as a result of poisoning
• high intracranial pressure
• Glaucoma closed -ugly
• intolerance to the patient nitrates

Nitroglycerin side effect

The following conditions include the side effects of nitroglycerin:

• Pain of the head
• dizziness
• Ucubsiating the heartbeat
• redness of the skin
• Feeling heat
• Reducing blood pressure
• Vollaptoid condition
• Shinning of the skin
• rashes on the skin and other skin manifestations

What will happen when an overdose of nitroglycerin?

With excessive use of this tool and excess of the recommended dose, the following states may occur:

• headache, dizziness
• pressing sensations in the head
• Excessive weakness and overwork
• Fainting and collaptoid states
• A fever of body temperature
• Increase in intracranial pressure

When the symptoms of an overdose of the patient nitroglycerin are manifested, it is worth transferring to a horizontal position with raised legs (the legs should lie above the level of the head). To relieve the effect of the drug, antagonists are administered intravenously alfaadren -blocking (fenilefrin).

What is the fatal dose of nitroglycerin?

It should be well remembered that the use of nitroglycerin is shown only as prescribed by the doctor and strictly in the doses assigned to him
There is no accurate answer to the question of a deadly dose of this drug, since for each patient this dose variable. The fact of an overdose and fatal outcome depends on the individual characteristics of the body of each of the patients who prescribed the intake of this drug
Cases of deaths are described even when taking 1 therapeutic doses, but previously laid interval interval

Nitroglycerin and alcohol

Everyone knows that taking any drug in combination with alcohol is strictly contraindicated, and especially concerns cardiological medicines
Alcohol, in addition to its toxic (poisonous) actions, also has a vasodilating effect
In combination with alcohol, nitroglycerin can provide excessive vasica and a sharp decrease in blood pressure. Provoking Thus deep collapse and a possible cardiac arrest

Nitroglycerin: Analogs

• Deponit 10
• Nitradisk
• Nitro
• NITR
• Nitro-Dur
• Nitrodzect
• Nitromint
• Nitring
• Nitrospray
• Sustonite
• joint mitya
• Trinitrong

Nitroglycerin: reviews

It should be noted that we did not find negative reviews about this medication. “Nitroglycerin” is an improvised ambulance when attacking angina pectoris and today has not found more affordable and easy to use substitutes.