Onions-growing from seeds with seedlings in open ground and care: terms and landing scheme, top dressing. Why onions go to the arrow: causes, methods of elimination. The best productive varieties of onions for central Russia, Siberia, and Urals: a list with names, a brief description

The secrets of growing onions in open ground from seeds with seedlings.

Somewhere a couple of years ago, onions were not very popular among housewives, and they used it only occasionally for cooking. But at the moment, this product has become very popular and they began to use it not only fresh, but also dried and pickled.

Of course, we can use breaks regularly only if you independently grow it on your own bed. After all, if you buy it all year round in the store, then the preparation of goodies will be costly. From how to properly grow onions from seeds and tell our article.

What the onion transfers looks like: photo

Onions are a fairly high green plant, which outwardly differs very much from the usual onion. He does not have a large rounded lower part. Rather, it is, but less pronounced and has not a round, but an oblong shape. A massive stalk of white color comes out of the top of the false bulb. As a rule, its thickness is almost the same with the size of a false bulb. The stem ends with a fan bundle of long green leaves. What looks like onions you can see in a photo located slightly higher.

Processing of onion seeds before landing: Description

Experienced gardeners know that absolutely all seeds need to be prepared for sowing as it contributes to their faster germination and rooting. The seeds are no exception and they are also best prepared correctly.

So:

• First, boil the water, and then cool it up to 45 degrees
• Fold the seeds in a piece of gauze, tie it in a kind of bag and lower it for 25 minutes into warm water
• After that, dip the seeds in cool water and lay them on a wet fabric
• We cover them with another piece of fabric and leave them alone for 3-5 days
• Do not forget to periodically moisten the fabric from the spray gun
• After the specified time, the seeds will be ready for sowing
• If desired, you can additionally treat them with growth stimulants and disinfect them in a weak solution of potassium permanganate

When to plant onions on seedlings: landing time

If you want to grow onions of seeds with seedlings, then remember that this plant has a fairly large growing season. Depending on the variety, it can fluctuate from 4 to 6 months. This nuance must be taken into account, especially if you live in the region with a colder climate.

If you begin to grow seedlings later than necessary, then you risk not getting a good harvest. In order for even the late-ripening varieties of a leggings to mature to the cold, it is necessary to sow seeds for seedlings in mid-February or in early March.

Sowing on onions of onion on seedlings

IMPORTANT: Before proceeding with sowing the seeds of onions-sex for seedlings, carefully prepare the soil and containers in which they will germinate. Both the soil and the container must be disinfected by any means available to you, and only after that can you proceed to further work.

Recommendations for sowing onions-sex seeds for seedlings:

• First, mix the soil with fertilizer and moisturize it slightly
• Put it in a disinfected box and slightly compact
• This must be done so that there are no voids in the soil that will interfere with seedlings to root
• Further, in the ground we do not very deep grooves literally 2 cm deep
• We sow in them the seeds of the leggings, sprinkle them with the soil, moisten it from the spray gun and cover it with a film
• Seeds sown in this way must be put in a warm place
• The room should maintain a temperature not lower than +20
• After the seedlings appear, the seedlings are cleaned in a cooler place and its hardening begins
• To do this, remove the film from the box and begin to gradually reduce the temperature in the room
• In order for the seedlings to feel comfortable, the temperature indicators must fall by 1 degree every day
• When the temperature drops to 14 degrees, hardening stops

How many onions from seeds rush?

In principle, the seeds of the bowing leather are quite fast. True, for this they need to create the right conditions. And this means that they should have enough moisture in the ground, and the temperature in the room should not drop below +18. Subject to all these rules, the seeds will rise after 5-7 days. If they germinate in not quite correct conditions, then even 20 days can pass before the first seedlings.

Diving seedlings of onions and care

Experienced gardeners argue that it is not necessary to dive on the seedlings of onions, the way it takes root in open ground or a greenhouse without this procedure. But still, as practice shows, as a result, such plants grow more weak as they transplant them with a very weak root system. In view of this, it will be better if you still conduct a dive. Moreover, this does not require any special efforts. All that you need to do, in advance to disinfect the soil and containers into which the seedlings will be planted.

After that, moisturize the soil into containers with seedlings, but do it as neatly as possible. If you just pour it, then delicate sprouts will begin to fall to one side. After that, carefully remove the plant from the soil, and straightening its root system, immediately transfer it to a new container. As for leaving, in this case it will consist of timely watering and maintaining temperature at the optimal level.

Then you can plant onions, what land does he love?

In principle, onions are considered an unpretentious plant, therefore, with proper care, it can grow on any ground. But still, if your goal is a good harvest, then remember that he feels best on light, fertile soils with normal acidity. In view of this, if you know that the soil in your garden is not too good, then before planting seedlings, it is good at organizing it with organic fertilizers or superphosphate. If the acidity of the soil is increased on the site, then the lime must be carried out without fail.

It is also very important to consider which plants grew on the bed in front of onions. So, if you plant this culture on the bed where garlic or onions grew last season, then you may not wait for a good harvest. Since these cultures have the same diseases and pests, as a result, the tears may begin to hurt immediately after you drop it on the bed. The most ideal predecessors are radios, cabbage, salad, dill and sorrel.

When to plant onions in open ground: landing time

Planting plants in the ground is a rather serious procedure, which should be carried out at the most optimal time. The optimal time means a plus day and night temperature. If the difference in night and daily indicators is very large, then the onions will be in constant stress, which will lead to the fact that it will not be able to take root and begin to get sick.

In view of this, plant culture in the ground, when the temperature indicators at night will stay at the mark of +12, and during the day the temperature will not drop below +18. Depending on the region, the landing in the ground is possible in mid -May, early June.

How to plant onions in open ground on the bed: landing scheme

Onions, like any other vegetable culture, loves space. It is necessary so that the plant can take root well and take the right amount of nutrients from the soil. If you plant seedlings very close to each other, then the plants will grow weak and chase up all the time.

All this will lead to the fact that in the end you will get a very thin breaks with a poorly developed white part of the stem. To prevent this from happening, adhere to the correct landing scheme. Plant the tears in rows. The distance between the crops in the row should be at least 10 cm, and the distance between the rows is at least 20 cm.

How to sow onions with seeds in open ground: Technology

IMPORTANT: It is possible to use this method of growing onions in open ground only if you live in a region where the temperature night indicators are not lowered below +10 degrees at the end of April and do not decrease below +15 in mid-September.

So:

• Select a place for planting, which is most well lit by the sun throughout the day
• This will contribute to the maximum warming of the soil during the day, which will not give the harsh sprouts to hypothermia at night
• Dry the bed thoroughly. Ideally, the soil should swell to a depth of 20 cm
• During digging, be sure to apply fertilizers, for example, urea, superphosphate or ordinary compost into the soil
• After the soil is prepared, it will be possible to start sowing seeds (pre -prepared)
• To do this, make grooves with a depth of 7-10 cm on the bed. The distance between the grooves should be 20 cm
• Moisten the grooves and drive seeds in them
• Sprinkle them 2 cm of soil, slightly compact it, and moisten the soil from the spray
• After the tears germinate, be sure to hurt it

Is the onion of spring frosts afraid?

In some sources, you can find information that onions are quite calmly tolerates small frosts. That is why some novice gardeners make a mistake and plant seedlings in open ground, without waiting for the positive temperature indicators at night.

Thus, they make a big mistake as this information concerns exclusively adults and ripened plants. If during frosts to plant seedlings of onions, then it will inevitably begin to hurt. Yes, it is quite likely it will not die, but it will only begin to grow and develop intensively after the temperature indicators cease to fall below +12 degrees.

Feeding on a leek after landing: fertilizers, folk recipes

The seedlings of a leek, like any other plant, after planting in the ground, must be fed with special top dressing and fertilizers. If this is not done, then the plant will not be able to quickly take root, and it is likely that it will not be able to ripen until the first frosts. Top dressing is best carried out in several stages so that the plant will always receive the amount of useful substances to it all the time.

Immediately after planting in the ground, feed it with urea. Dilute for this 10 g of a substance in 10 l of water and pour the tears under the root. After another 14-20 days, add a solution of nitrofoski into the soil. After that, you need to take a break and just periodically loosen the soil and remove the weeds that appear. In addition, you can use the following top dressing.

Infusion of mullein

• Take 3 kg of a rotten mullein and pour it 7 liters of water
• Mix everything thoroughly and put on 7-10 days to transfer
• Before use, mix the liquid again and measure 1 liter
• Dilute it in 9 liters of water, and you can feed the tears

Nettle infusion

• Narch the nettles, chop and put in a bucket
• You should get half a green mass
• Boil water and pour nettle it with it
• Let her brew 7 days
• The finished nettle infusion is diluted with water (1:10) and the watering is watered

Diseases of the onion and their treatment and the fight against pests: Description

There is an opinion that onions, like most representatives of the Lukov family, have fungicidal properties that do not allow harmful bacteria and various fungi to multiply. Yes, if the plant receives proper care, then with a high probability it can withstand all negative factors. If the culture is weakened, then you will have to fight with fungal, viral diseases and pests.

Luke-Luka diseases:

• Powder. A fungal disease, which is characterized by the appearance on the leaves and stem of a pale green plaque. Ordinary serum and iodine can help you get rid of this problem. You will have to dilute in 9 liters of water 1 l serum and 10 drops of iodine. The resulting tool will need to be sprayed with both patients and healthy plants.

• Shay rot. This disease is dangerous in that for a long time it remains unnoticed. Initially, the problem manifests itself as a small dent on the root neck. While the plant is growing, the rot does not show itself in any way. But as soon as the tears are removed from the beds and sent for storage, the dent increases, becomes softer and begins to rot. After some time, the tears are completely unusable. Fighting this disease is best prevention. It will be better if you will be several times a season disinfect the soil with a weak solution of potassium permanganate.

• Onion rust. This disease manifests itself in the appearance of red, yellow and brown spots over the entire surface of the plant. If you do not start fighting rust in the shortest possible time, then it will very quickly hit absolutely the entire crop. Calcinated soda and ordinary ash will help you get rid of this problem. Initially, you will need to fill 5 liters of water 1 kg of ash and let it brew for 3 days. After that, the product is filtered and 2 tbsp is added to it. l soda. Next, the amount of solution is brought to 10 liters and standard processing is carried out.

Pests of Luke-Luke:

• Secretly chopper. This pest can interfere with the whole season. Initially, his larvae appear on it, which feed on the juice of young seedlings. If they do not fight them, they are transformed into bugs, black, which go into the soil, but still continue to eat culture fibers. To combat the pest you can use ash and tobacco dust. They will need to be mixed in equal parts, and then published a bed with a cut with a mixture.

• Onion fly. If your plant struck this pest, then you will observe how it gradually turns yellow and fades. After a while, it will begin to rot, while emitting a rather specific smell. In order to quickly get rid of the pest, prepare concentrated decoction of wormwood and spray them for tearing. After the onion flies disappears, be sure to repeat the procedure for preventive purposes.

• Murminer. This pest affects the root system and the false bulb. The larva of the murmur, to survive, begins to eat intensively fibers of culture, which leads to the fact that it dies. To avoid the appearance of this pest, be sure to process the soil with a solution of ash, potassium permanganate and iodine 2-3 times per season. You will need to dissolve in 10 l of water 1 kg of ash, 10 drops of iodine and 1 g of potassium permanganate, And pour this solution with a bed with this solution.

Why onions go to the arrow: reasons, methods of elimination

I want to say right away, if you strictly adhere to all the rules for growing a swim, then in the end you can avoid the appearance of such an unpleasant problem. In view of this, try to water the culture in a timely manner, feed and, of course, do not forget about the regular loosening of the soil and the fight against diseases and pests.

As for the most common reasons for the appearance of the arrow, experienced gardeners most often distinguish several. And oddly enough, they are all associated with the landing of culture in the ground.

To contribute to the formation of a shooter more often:

• Onion diameter when planting more than 5 millimeters
• Improper storage of planting material
• Sharp changes in temperature indicators
• Low soil temperature during the landing

As you probably already understood, in order to certainly avoid the appearance of arrows on the culture, you just need to choose the right landing material and plant it on the bed only when the soil warms up enough.

Onions: is it possible to leave it in the winter

In principle, onions are a two-year-old plant, so if desired, it can be left winter in the garden. True, you must take into account that the culture is normally overwhelmed only if you live in a region where spring occurs early, and in winter the temperature does not drop to abnormal indicators. It is also worth remembering that after wintering, the plant will begin to intensively form a peduncle with seeds. In view of this, in order to avoid the appearance of arrows, you will need to cut the plants immediately after melting snow.

Planting onions-sex in the winter: Description

If you do not want to mess with the cultivation of seedlings in the spring, then you can try to sow seeds in the soil in late autumn. If you do everything right, then they will safely be wintering in the soil, and in the spring they will delight you very early with fresh and juicy herbs.

Planting technology:

• Start cooking for seed sowing in September
• Clean it of weeds, and be sure to disinfect the soil ash or potassium permanganate
• Dig soil to a depth of at least 20 centimeters
• Approximately in mid-November, lightly scare the bed and make shallow grooves (at a distance of 15-20 cm from each other)
• Bring them feeding them and feel free to sow the seeds
• Sprinkle them with a layer of peat and leave to winter
• In the spring, make sure that the bed does not remain without snow very early
• This can contribute to the early germination
• To prevent this from happening, you can additionally throw the bed at the end of winter with snow

The best productive varieties of onions for central Russia, Siberia, and Urals: a list with names, a brief description

• Early varieties. Kilima, Vesta, Columbus. These varieties have an average stem height and very wide fan leaves. They have a pleasant aftertaste, so they can be used both in fresh and pickled form.
• Medium grades. Bastion, winner, alligator, giraffe. These varieties have a more pronounced white part, which, when stored, becomes juicier and fragrant. The main advantage of cultures is that they tolerate small frosts quite well.
• Late varieties. Sizopkorl, Mercury, Winter Giant. Frost -resistant varieties that do not need special care. They have a more acute taste and a denser structure of the white part.

Video: We plant the seedlings of onions