Why and when they conduct a biopsy? What tests need to be taken before the biopsy?

What is a biopsy? How long and how is the biopsy performed? How accurate are they and how much can the results of the biopsy be expected?

Perhaps every person at least once in his life he heard such a new and incomprehensible word as “biopsy”. It puts many into a state of horror and panic before something terrible and hopeless.

This article is designed to dispel many human myths and explain what a biopsy is, how and why it is being done.

Why take a biopsy?

• A biopsy is a type of research conducted by a fence of research material from any human organs in a living state to identify its cytology and histology. In other words, during a biopsy, a person is pinned by a minimum part of the affected tissue. At the same time, at the time of the fence of the tissue cell, it should be alive. The material received is sent to the laboratory
  to determine its composition and structure
• Most often, a biopsy is prescribed for suspected oncological or other complex pathological diseases. However, do not despair, because recommendations on tissue biopsy are not yet said that you have cancer. Just the doctor should be reinsured before performing surgery or prescribing treatment
• Earlier, before such a study was invented, many surgical interventions and radical therapy were shown even to those patients who only suspected serious illnesses. Today, thanks to biopsy, such methods are used only after accurate confirmation of their need

Do I need to do a biopsy?

• It is stupid even asking such a question. Of course you need. If you value your health and calm, then you even need to think about whether you need to do a biopsy
• Conducting this study will either confirm the presence of dangerous conditions or refute it. If, in fact, cancer cells are contained in the tissues, and the biopsy will not be performed and appropriate treatment will not be prescribed, there is a likelihood of large complications and deaths
• If you conduct a biopsy in time and detect the disease, you can still have time to apply the necessary therapy, as well as get additional time and chances of recovery
• At the same time, the biopsy can show the presence of benign rather than malignant tissues, which will significantly facilitate both the mental state of the patient and the drug blow to his body

How to prepare for a biopsy?

As such, the biopsy does not require. There are only a number of restrictions and recommendations that the patient must adhere to the day before and during the fence of the biopsy (research material):

1. Refusal to take medications a few days before the biopsy
2. Refusal to eating and fluid a few hours before the biopsy of the biopsy in the event that general anesthesia is planned
3. Refusal of sexual contact a day before the cervix biopsy
4. Abstinence from alcohol and smoking a day before the biopsy
5. Refusal to use vaginal candles or tampons a few days before the cervix biopsy
6. A complete informing of a doctor about the presence of chronic diseases that are transferred to complex diseases, allergies to something, a special position (pregnancy)
7. Providing personal support and assistance after the procedure in the person of relatives or close people

What tests need to be taken before the biopsy?

As a rule, before the biopsy procedure, the necessary analyzes for delivery are:

• Clinical blood test
• Coagulogram - blood coagulation testing
• Blood test for syphilis, hepatitis B and C, as well as HIV
• Analysis for a blood group and Rhesus factor (if they are unknown)
• Analysis for hidden infections (cytomegalovirus, herpes virus, chlamydia, toxoplasmosis)
• Smear on the flora (with a cervix biopsy)
• Smear for cytology (with cervical biopsy)
• Colposcopy (with a cervix biopsy)
• Urethra smear (with egg biopsy)
• Electrocardiogram (with heart problems)

The first four blood tests are mandatory for all types of biopsy. All additional tests can be prescribed based on the nature of the disease and the place of its location.

How is a biopsy?

• The biopsy implies a fence of the material under study. Such material can be taken during surgery, in the process of other studies (colonoscopy, endoscopy, fibrogastoscopy) or with the help of special devices for biopsy (biopsy pistol, biopsy needle, and biopsy forceps). Various kinds of research devices (endoscope, ultrasound apparatus, X-ray-apparatus, tomograph) help control and direct the process of removing biopsy.
• With the help of all of the above devices and devices, part of interest to laboratory assistants, fabrics are taken for analysis. Biopsy can be performed in two ways - histological and cytological
• A histological examination implies an analysis of tissues of neoplasms, while a cytological study allows you to study only their cells. In other words, the cytological method of research gives not a complete picture of the disease, while the histological method can accurately diagnose the disease. However, a cytological study also has the right to exist, since it is relevant in a situation where it is not possible to take a whole piece of tissue for analysis, or you can only remove the layer of cells from the affected organ

• After taking the research material, it is sent to the laboratory for processing with special preparations that remove the entire liquid from it and give it a more solid structure. The hardness of the material is necessary so that it is easier to cut in excess of thin layers and carefully consider it
• The hardened, crushed biopsy in the next stage is subjected to special coloring, which will reveal the presence of evil and benign cells in it
• In the process of biopsy, you can not only identify an oncological disease, but also form a scheme of its course and development

How long is the biopsy?

The amount of time allotted for a biopsy will directly depend on the method of its execution. If such a study is planned to be done directly, without surgery or other additional manipulations, then the whole procedure will take literally a few minutes.

If the biopsy is performed during the operation, then the time of its conduct will directly rest during the surgical intervention itself.

The terms of the results of the biopsy

Biopsy can conditionally be divided into urgent and planned. Urgent biopsy, as a rule, is performed during the operation, because its results must be obtained urgently. It takes up to half an hour to analyze the biopath urgently.

If the biopsy is carried out in a planned manner, then its results should be prepared within five to ten days.

What is the accuracy of the biopsy?

• The accuracy of the biopsy largely depends on the professionalism of the doctor conducting the procedure. If the doctor has rich experience in conducting such manipulations, then you can rely on the results of his work. If the biopsy is taken incorrectly or in insufficient quantities, then this will radically affect the results of the biopsy
• The research method is also very important. If urgent biopsy is performed, then in view of the omission of some important stages used for planned biopsy, its results can hardly be called one hundred percent
• Also, cytological studies can be considered incomplete or not complete. They help to identify malignant cells, but do not give a complete picture of the disease

Are complications possible after a biopsy?

In very rare cases, after a biopsy, any complications are observed. As a rule, the only side effects after a biopsy can be short and non -alien pain. Moreover, after hours, in rare cases, the days they disappear. In addition, pain can be fought with painkillers.

However, it is worth noting that one of ten thousand cases of biopsy ends in the death of the patient. With such statistics, we must also be obliged to unskilled specialists taking up this complex procedure.

Where to hand over the biopsy?

• It is best to apply for a biopsy procedure in proven large medical institutions with high -quality equipment and qualified medical workers
• Before you opt for one or another institution, take an interest in its personnel by the presence of all relevant permits and certificates. Also, do not hesitate to clarify with the doctor who will conduct a biopsy, his specialty and experience in conducting such procedures
• And as always, no one canceled the mouth and forums on the Internet. Thanks to this information base, you can learn a lot about the biopsy specifically in your city or nearby cities

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