Human spine: anatomical structure, a scheme with the numbering of the disks, communication with the internal organs - is it possible to restore after the fracture?

The spine is the main component of the skeleton, which ensures the fastening of its entire peripheral system and an almost complete cycle of human life. It is difficult to imagine what kind of organism function could exist for a long time and persist without the participation of the spine.

It performs a supporting function, thanks to which a person can walk, run, jump, swim, do any mechanical work and even just occupy a motionless position of the body in any condition. A person’s spine serves as a protection for all internal organs and a “repository” for the spinal cord.

Thanks to its special structure and bending, in the form of a sinusoid, a person has shock -absorbing abilities during movement, as well as when performing a variety of actions, sharp turns, blows, fall, which largely ensures the preservation of internal organs and prevents injuries.

What parts the spine of a person is divided into - how are the vertebrae considered: the location scheme for the departments

Our vertical bone formation, which is the axis of our skeleton, is called a vertebral column or spine. Its structure consists of 32-34 connecting elements, which are called vertebrae. But in addition, they are additionally connected and combined with the functionality of the body of various ligaments, joints, muscles, as well as trunk vessels and nerves. Human spine divided into 5 departments, Each of which includes A certain number of vertebrae, differing in structure, the implementation of different functions and their connection with the internal organs.

IMPORTANT: the countdown is counted according to their departments from top to bottom. They have their own designations, and some have names.

All vertebrae are interconnected intervertebral discs. They play the role of depreciation gaskets, provide the mobility of the spine and protect it from trauma at loads. They are a gel -like mass covered with a cartilage, have a different structure and thickness depending on the location. Thicker and more massive intervertebral discs are located in the lumbar spine that carries the largest load.

Separate vertebrae and vertebrates are attached to each other with the help of a ligamentous apparatus consisting of longitudinal, intellectual and inter -divided ligaments and capsules of the intervertebral joints.

The device of the cervical spine of a person

The cervical department consists of Seven cervical vertebrae. It is the most mobile and elastic, thanks to which a person can make various movements of the head: rotate it, tilt, turn it into a significant degree, raise up, lower it down. But he does not experience such a large load as other parts of the human spine, so the cervical vertebrae have short articular processes with flat surfaces and relatively small sizes.

• The very first, holding the base of the skull, like Atlanta, which holds the heavenly vault, is called - Atlant. This is a large vertebra, connected by two joints with the occipital bone, and forming mobile joints with it.
• The second cervical vertebra is an epistrophy, It practically enters Atlanta with its dentist, directed up the process, provides a rotational function of the head.
• 3-6the cervical vertebrae have a similar shape, their spicy processes are short, bifurcated at the end. The seventh cervical vertebra It has a difference in the structure from the previous ones - it has a more pronounced and protruding spinous process, which is easily felt and even visually viewed.

The arrangement of the vertebrae in the thoracic spine of the human spine

The human spine in his thoracic area includes 12 vertebrae and together in fastening ribs creates a chest cell protective for internal organs. This is the most motionless spine, After all, it is entrusted with the function of preservation and protection from the external influences of all vital organs and spinal cord, the channel of which ends only at the level of lumbar vertebrae.

Therefore, the vertebrae forming the thoracic region have a special anatomical structure - In size, they are larger, more massive and increase in size in the direction from the first to the twelfth. The spinous processes of the breast vertebrae have a trihedral shape, directed down, which ensures their additional strength. The latter - 11 and 12 breast vertebrae The form is more reminiscent of the lumbar and are especially large.

Human spine and lumbar: its anatomical structure

The lumbar side includes 5 largest vertebrae, increasing in size in the direction from the first to the fifth. Due to the need to maintain the body in an upright position, it lies with them The largest load. Therefore, in size and shape, they differ significantly from the rest - they are more massive, short, more developed in width. Despite their massiveness, their connecting segments are quite mobile, which in turn ensures the mobility of the case, the possibility of various turns and inclinations of the body.

Important: despite the massiveness of the connecting elements of this section, it is considered the most vulnerable! The excessive load on the lower back, its hypothermia, mechanical shifts of the disks - all this can lead to inflammation of the segments of the human spine. In addition, even excess weight often leads to such problems. A hernia of disks often occurs in this section at the L4-L5-S1 level, namely 94%.

Sacrifice or sacral section of the human spine

The human spine below has 5 fused vertebrae, What the sacrum forms - a single massive bone of a triangular shape, Turned downward and having a bone connection to the pelvic bone. It is worth noting that in women it is shorter, but wider and not so curved.

Copyr, as the final part of the human spine

3-5 of the last underdeveloped vertebrae form a tailbone, representing the rudiment of the tail area of \u200b\u200bthe spine, ossified only with age, during the period of youth. Many underestimate the role of the last department of the human spine - muscles and ligaments of the urinary and excretory system are attached to the front of such a peculiar pyramid. It is he who is also responsible for the distribution of the load on the pelvic area.

Human spine and connection with internal organs

Each person of the human spine and even each individual vertebra has a direct connection with the internal organs, and also to one degree or another affects their work.

1. The cervical department the spine is associated with the blood supply to the head, the functioning of the brain, hearing organs, vision, smell, the work of the thyroid gland
2. Thoracic region the spine is associated with the work of the heart, lungs, stomach, liver, kidneys, lymphatic system
3. Lumbar department has a direct connection with the work of the intestines, the genitourinary system, and the legs
4. The sacrum and the tailbone are responsible for the gluteal and femoral region, as well as the load on it during movement, inclinations, change of position

With age, when the spine becomes subject to various degenerative changes, the conduct of the nervous impulse to the corresponding organ is disturbed, which largely affects its functioning. In addition, due to violations of the ligamentous apparatus that supports the organs in a certain position, their displacement may occur, which further exacerbates the situation. That is why recently such a branch of non-traditional medicine as osteopathy aimed at restoring the musculoskeletal system, and in particular the spine, as the main source of many chronic diseases of internal organs, has been developed.

We bring to your attention a table with a detailed connection between organs and vertebrae, as well as signals of the body in the form of failures of our system:

Can a person move, walk after a human spine?

Despite the greater importance of such an element of our body as a human spine, in 80% of cases, recovery is still possible. Of course, a lot depends on the severity of the injury. If the spinal cord was damaged or the ligaments were torn, then such an injury can lead to paralysis or even death.

• The lightest are considered, relatively, Compression fractures- When there are cracks on the vertebra or reducing their size. But an explosive or overlapping look is no less dangerous
• Flexion-explosive fracture - split into small parts of the spinal element with possible damage to the ligaments or spinal cord
• The most difficult are considered Rotation damage, when there is a rotation along the axis or a significant shift with possible gaping

In addition, they are divided by the number of damage and departments. Do not overestimate the sacrum and tailbone - these areas are directly connected in the rectum and a childbearing function, so they often have complications of this nature.

A person with a fracture can move! But this does not mean that he can walk or sit, because The pain will be very felt in the damaged area and give to other parts of the body. For example, with a fracture of the thoracic region, it is possible to numb hands, while the lumbar region can disturb the movements of the toes. When observing the symptoms of the spinal fracture - it is worth providing first aid and urgently call an ambulance! Since there is a high chance of internal bleeding.

Video: Human spine - structure