Dehydration in a child: the first symptoms, causes, treatment. What to do if a child has dehydration during vomiting, temperature and diarrhea?

the legs of infectious diseases are accompanied by dehydration. Parents often underestimate the danger of this state, not knowing that it carries irreversible consequences for the child's body.

When dehydration, the necessary water level in the body decreases below the norm. This is a dangerous feature that, with a significant decrease in fluid, leads to death or serious disorders in the body.

This is especially dangerous for young children, their childhood, fragile organism. This article discusses signs, causes of dehydration The child has the treatment and restoration options for the water balance in the body.

How to understand that the child has dehydration?

If a the kid is sluggish And he quietly lies in the crib, then many parents think that he is just tired, is acting up to change weather or just in a bad mood. Do not scare some parents and the cold legs of the child - They cover him and wait for the baby to warm up.

But even if the baby has cold limbs under the warm blanket, and there is still no mood, then it can be a sign of dehydration At the baby.

Understand that the baby has dehydration by such symptoms:

• strong thirst - the child drinks two, or even three times more liquid than usual; often complains that he wants to drink - in this way the body tries to independently compensate for the lost water reserves
• chair up to 5 times a day, most often liquid - this should be the first alarming bell to you, because, most likely, in the child’s body there is an intestinal infection
• vomit
• syinyy skin tone
• restless or vice versa sluggish behavior child

It is important to consider that dehydration can be three types:

1. Light (if the loss of fluid in the body is no more than 5 %)
2. Moderate (fluid loss within 5-10%)
3. Severe degree (fluid loss more than 10%)

With each of these types of dehydration, the symptoms indicated earlier may appear to one degree or another of complexity Or frequencies. If with mild dehydration only thirst and frequent stool can be, then in severe form the condition of the child can reach the loss of consciousness.

Therefore, if you saw uncharacteristic manifestations in the behavior of the child, contact immediately to the children's doctorbecause the child’s health is the most valuable and it is impossible to risk it in any case.

Signs of dehydration

With serious dehydration, the child it will be very sleepy “It will be difficult for him to wake up, and he will constantly want to sleep.” You will also see that even with severe thirst, a couple of minutes after he drinks water, mouth will be dry again.

Up to two months in a child there are no tears, if you have it older and, for some reason, you will cry, but you will not see tears, then it will also be an alarming signal that the child’s body has a water imbalance.

Absence urination more than 8 hours - A serious reason for unrest. If vomiting or diarrhea is also manifested with such signs, then viral intestinal diseases should be excluded.

Feel the pulse and listen to the child's breath - if you hear heart heartbeat and breathing In the presence of the above symptoms - immediately call a doctor.

At moderate degree of dehydration Almost all the signs that are described earlier, but in a lower frequency and not in such a strong manifestation, are preserved.

At all stages of dehydration, it look at the fontanel. A hollow fontanel on the crown of a child is one of the main signs of medium and severe degree of dehydration.

Light dehydration Not so serious and with proper treatment, all the symptoms pass quite quickly. With mild dehydration, there is thirst and light lethargy. If viral infections are not expressed, then the lost water rate can be restored at home, without contacting the doctor.

Despite the complexity of the disease, if you cannot cope with the treatment yourself, do not tighten up to a doctor. Dehydration of the body is a dangerous progressive process and, if you do not take medical measures in time, the consequences for the body can be very heavy.

Causes of dehydration in children

Almost everyone viral disease or intestinal infection The child suffers from dehydration. Vomiting or diarrhea is often observed from such diseases in children, due to which the body loss of water and nutrients in the body occurs.

Viral diseases are characteristic heatwhich also contributes to dehydration. If your child is sick, try to knock down his temperature and make sure that he drinks water abundantly.

In infants, dehydration against the background of the disease it happens very rapidly.

Be sure to solder the child with water during treatment or compote from dried fruitsTo restore the body's water balance.

If the child was long in the sun without a headdress, then this can also be the cause of dehydration and another dangerous phenomenon - sunny blow. Therefore, parents should be vigilant and not leave the child in sultry weather on the street without panamas or caps.

Dehydration of the child's body -This is a serious reason to consult a doctor, because due to the lack of the required amount of water, the work of internal organs is violated and the general condition of the body is deteriorated, which must be normalized.

This is a very dangerous phenomenon that without intervention and treatment It is impossible to eliminate. Be vigilant to the health of the child and pay attention to any deviations in his behavior.

Dehydration in a child up to a year

Behind the water balance of the body of babies is needed monitor especially carefully. After all, the younger the child, the less time the water is delayed in his body. For comparison, in an adult, water molecules are preserved up to 15 days, for babies up to a year only up to 3 days, and fluids in the children's body as many as 75%.

If the amount of fluid will decrease more than 5 %, then the body will be saved by its redistribution in the amount that remains in the body. And it will contribute to and reducing blood circulation volume. All this will lead to problems in the work of the cardiovascular system, the gastrointestinal tract and will affect the body of the child as a whole.

Very carefully follow the dosage of fluid for a child up to a year. At the age of a month to six months, give the child every day 150 ml of liquidAs an additional component for breast milk. After reaching six months and up to a year increase the dosage double.

When you noticed that a one -year -old child is manifested signs of dehydration, immediately contact a pediatrician. Until the doctor came for an examination, let the child drink a little every half hour And try to ensure that the child is in a cool place to reduce the loss of fluid through the skin.

Children under the age of a year are very vulnerable to viruses and other infectious diseases. Take care of your baby’s health and pay attention to his behavior. At this age, children are still cannot complain about pain or ailment, so only unusual behavior or unhealthy symptoms will become for you indicators that the child needs Show a specialist.

Dehydration in a child with vomiting

With a stomach disorder in the form of vomiting, which can occur due to problems with the gastrointestinal tract, at poisoning or high temperatures, the child needs to immediately provide qualified assistance. Because vomit - This is not only an extremely unpleasant, but also a rather dangerous phenomenon.

Try to drink in small sips not more than 40 ml of fluid at a time. It is worth it no more than once within 10-15 minutes. The liquid should be at room temperature and in no case is carbonated.

If the child refuses to drink everything except cold sparkling water - Pour it into an open glass and let it brew to brew all gas came out, and water acquired room temperature.

You can’t drink a lot of water at once, since if you drink quickly and a lot, the child’s stomach is swollen from the resulting fluid, and evals They will make themselves felt again. Control Color and amount of urine child-if urination after drunk is frequent and urine has a light yellow color, then the situation is normalized. If these indicators are unchanged, then the doctor should be called and medical methods of treatment for its prescription should be used.

Dehydration in a child with diarrhea

With poisoning or intestinal diseases, a child may bother not only vomiting, but also diarrhea. This is no less dangerous condition, since dehydration also occurs with it due to fluid loss.

• If due to diarrhea, the child loses weight a kilogram in a few days, then this is a very dangerous symptom and it is better not to bring to such a situation, since violation of the water balance in the body leads to renal failure, which is harmful to health and life -threatening
• If you observe in a child severe thirst, diarrhea, darkening of urine and high temperature - Do not postpone the call to the doctor. The diarrhea itself is more 3-4 times During the day, they are also an alarming signal to parents - we can talk about poisoning, intestinal infection and dehydration
• To restore fluid loss during diarrhea, let the child 30-40 ml water every 10 minutes. Exclude all products except water, compote from dried fruits and crackers from white bread

If, after the measures taken, the symptoms are still pronounced - strong diarrhea, drowsiness, capricious behavior - it is necessary to cause a doctor to prevent a deterioration in the condition of the child.

Temperature and dehydration in children

• In viral diseases temperature rise - The usual thing. But the negative consequence of the disease, in addition to viral symptoms, is also dehydration
• When the child has a high temperature, the body tries to drop it With the help of sweating. And naturally with this manifestation, the body loses fluid
• To restore the lost liquid, it is necessary to give the child a little drink. It is worth doing it often enough, since the water balance will be restored in this way and the body will better fight the virus

Best give a child teas with lemon or raspberries - This is the best tool in the fight against viral diseases - teas will not only restore the lost liquid, but also create a warming effect. Do not add to drinks a lot of sugar - Glucose is an additional environment for bacteria.

At temperatures and dehydration, replenish the supply of fluid with the reception slightly warm bath, wiping and compresses. So the body will receive fluid through the skin.

Elevated temperature - This is a fairly unpleasant and dangerous symptom. If it is high and the body cannot cope with the disease should call an ambulance to get Recommendations for taking drugs.
Before the doctor arrives, try to prevent dehydration of the child’s body and make sure that the temperature did not rise to a critical mark.

What to do if a child has dehydration?

If you notice the first signs of dehydration in a child - first of all consult a doctor about treatment. Be sure to be examined by a doctor if your baby is not yet a year old, because infants have a very fast metabolism and the loss of fluid can be very rapid.

The doctor will decide when examining whether home treatment is possible or hospitalization is necessary,after all, parents often underestimate the severity of the condition of the child.

Basically, dehydration manifests itself with a viral infection. Therefore, the priority task of the parents is to identify the cause of dehydration and conduct the correct treatment of the child. During treatment, if drugs are assigned, it is necessary to parallel restore lost liquid.

If the doctor has identified a slight degree of dehydration, then recovery is made at home by soldering a child with water, unsweetened tea or fruit drink.
With an average or severe degree of dehydration, depending on the prescriptions of the doctor, the restoration of the water balance can be carried out by introducing the liquid intravenously.

In any case, these issues and methods of treatment should be discussed with a doctor, Since in no case should you risk the health of your own child.

Treatment of dehydration in children

First of all for the treatment of dehydration It is necessary to pay attention to related symptoms. If the child is tormented by vomiting and diarrhea, it is necessary to provide a diet, if high temperature, support the baby's body with broths and tea.

The doctor can attribute to the child reception of electrolytesbut this tool can be prepared at home according to this recipe:

• Half a teaspoon of salt
• Half a teaspoon of soda
• 4 tablespoons of sugar

Such a mixture must be diluted in a liter of water and drink a child every 2 hours. You also need to gradually drink non -carbonated water and low -fat soups on the water. If the child does not have vomiting, you can feed it with bananas, apples and potatoes. During 2-3 days Do not add anything to the specified menu.

If the degree of dehydration, according to the doctor, is difficult and it can only be restored on an outpatient basis, then treatment will be carried out in the walls of the medical institution. Treatment will depend on the degree of dehydration:

• with an average degree, the child is administered infusion, and if the condition improves, let go home;
• with a severe degree of dehydration, the solution is administered on the continuation of several days under the supervision of a doctor.

You cannot protect the child from all diseases. Therefore, if you notice signs of a viral infection and the initial stage of dehydration, first of all, consult a doctor in order to be able to be treated at home, and not to allow a running situation and the need for hospitalization.

How to solder a child with dehydration?

If you find dehydration in a child, you need to immediately restore the lost liquid. You can drink a child decoction with rice, not carbonated water, ugly tea, compote. In such cases, compote from raisins of white grape varieties, large quantity potassiumwhich is “washed out” from the body with diarrhea and vomiting.

At the pharmacy you can buy a special solution that represented by such drugs:

1. Reidron
2. Galaktin
3. Citroglyukosalalan

A decoction of raisins or carrots will also be useful. For cooking carrot broth You will need:

• Pour a liter of water 200 grams of crushed carrots;
• Bring to a boil and cook for 15 minutes;
• Wipe the carrots and pour into cooled water.

A decoction of raisins Cooking is just as easy: pour 100 g of washed raisins with a glass of water and boil for 10-15 minutes. After that, dilute the decoction boiled water in a ratio of 1: 1 And let's drink the child. The decoction favorably affects the intestinal flora, refreshes well and saturates the body with spent vitamins.

Useful and soothing for the digestive tract will be decoctions of dried fruits - the simplest set of which will be apple and pear.

When restoring the lost fluid, exclude from possible options juices from shops. Since, with symptoms of dehydration, the body could quite weaken and it needs vitamins, and not preservatives and dyes. Show care for your own child, and the young body will quickly get stronger and win all diseases.

The consequences of dehydration in children

• If the child had a mild degree of dehydration, then with proper and timely treatment for the body, this will not leave serious consequences
• The larger the volume of the lost fluid, the more serious it affects the state of the body
• If even one percent of water from the body is lost unprofitable changes occur in the brain. Water is one of the main nutrients for the brain, along with oxygen
• And a decrease in such nutrition for a long time can lead to a number of diseases - sclerosis, Parkinson's disease or Alzheimer

Violation in the work of the immune system Due to dehydration, also takes place. After such violations the child is inclined to get sick more often viral infections, bronchitis, asthma and other serious diseases.
These are one of the most serious problems that the child's dehydration can lead to.

Dehydration can also cause less serious, but no less unpleasant diseases, such as obesity, thickening of blood and others.

Do not grab the heart by reading these lines. Dehydration - This is a serious signal for seeking a doctor. But, fortunately, this is a symptom that with proper and timely treatment will not leave serious consequences for the child's body.

Follow the condition of your child, do not dismiss complaints about poor health. If you help the child in time and restore the lost fluid, the child’s health will be out of risk.

Video: dehydration of the body: what are its symptoms and what to do?