Mnemics - training, speech, information memorization technique, based on visual thinking for kindergarten children, schoolchildren: methods, tables, exercises and techniques for preschool educators, teachers. Mnemics in kindergarten according to fairy tales, to remember numbers: Description

In this article, we will talk about the use of mnemonics for the development of children.

Possessing excellent memory, is it difficult for a child to remember certain images? This can be easily fixed if you use mnemonics in its upbringing.

What is mnemonics, mnemonics in the development of coherent speech and memory, memorization of information in young children, preschoolers and school age: definition, explanation of the method

Mnemotechnology is an art that allows you to remember the images better and faster. The composition of mnemonics includes methodologies and rules aimed at improving memory functionality. Thanks to them, teachers and parents can easily organize information entering the child’s brain, while creating associative images.

The child begins to memorize numbers and complex words using colorful images. As a result of this, the information he received is faster and more strongly fixed. Mnemics are a technique during which mnemonics are used, a variety of techniques that help the child remember a lot of information.

Anyone can use mnemonics. Age does not matter here. This is not required to have special abilities and skills. It all depends on what period of time will be spent on study.

There are several types of mnemonics:

• People's. This method of mnemonics is considered the most common. As a rule, educators in kindergartens and teachers in schools use the methodology. But it is not so productive, since it does not have a specific system.
• Classic. This method was used by our ancestors. Thanks to him, children and adults remembered long sentences. The combination of methods of this direction is not very large. This category includes many techniques, for example, a method of Cicero.
• Pedagogical. This technique is not based on visual thinking. Therefore, it is easier for children to receive information thanks to knowledge. In pedagogical mnemonics, as a rule, an emphasis is that children remember the material, reading books, poems, texts.
• Circus or "pop." According to the principles of action, it is very reminiscent of classical mnemonics. There is really one distinctive moment - here the information is stronger than the information: in the voice, gestures, facial expressions. The most basic in the method is the transfer of information from the teacher to the student with various methods.
• Sports. Here, speech directly concerns the competitions that are arranged between mnemonists. In the competitions, children can take part in taking into account such indicators: the speed of memorizing information, its volume.
• Modern. This technique is based on the use of the theoretical base. There are several techniques based on this mnemonics. They are finalized, then united, used to solve one or another problem.

The advantages of mnemonics are obvious. The child thanks to this technique:

• It begins to remember the sequence of actions faster.
• Gets used to the daily routine.
• Learns to read faster.
• Increases its own attentiveness.
• In the child, figurative thinking develops perfectly.

How to develop memory, coherent speech, memorization of information for young children using mnemonics: methods, techniques and exercises

The main goal of mnemonics is to develop the child’s memory, his thinking, imagination, attention. Since it is these processes that directly relate to the full development of the baby.

As a rule, special mnembels are used in kindergartens and schools. The essence of these tables is this: by the way or the phrase, a certain picture is invented, as a result of which the text is shown to the child in the form of a scheme. Staking on such schemes, the child begins to reproduce the material faster.

Mnemotechnics can do with your child when he turns 4 years old. It is at this age that he will begin to accumulate a vocabulary. Use to study mnemonoblits with the image of individual images. For example, a fox is a redhead, a Christmas tree is green and so on.

You can also use the following techniques:

• Tactile game. The essence of this technique is this - replace the pictures with objects. For example, to study round elements, put a round pebble in a box, a lid, a tennis ball and other similar objects. Ask the child to take out a certain element from the box to the touch.
• Flanelograph. Put the fabric on top of the magnetic board, buy pictures on magnets. Tell the child a story, pauses in some moments. The task of the baby is to choose an image with the right item on which you pause, and attach the magnet to the flannelgraph.
• Sound lotto. Turn on the little sound. For them he will have to choose pictures. For example, "Who makes the sound" meow "?"

How to develop memory, coherent speech, memorization of information for preschool children using mnemonics: methods, techniques and exercises

In the methods of mnemonics, try to apply certain types of memorization. Of course, the game is considered the most effective way here. Also for a 5-6-year-old child, use the schemes by drawing them in one color. Thus, you can attract the child's attention to the brightness of these pictures.

• « Collect the set ". Give the baby separate images. The child must group them and explain to you why he decided to put them together.
• « Draw your impressions. " This technique allows you to increase the vocabulary. By the way, he is also able to form the traditions that are in the family. Invite the child together to draw the impressions that he remained from the past day. Next, the baby should tell you that he had bad today and what was good. Add regular words and concepts regularly.
• "Learn the verse". To make it easier for your baby to learn poetry, apply special tables. On them, depict each line in the form of a sign or picture. Be sure to supplement the tables with words or letters.

• « Memory grid. " Give the child a picture. Tell us what is depicted on it, and then turn the picture. The baby should name the element that is in a particular image, then open it and test its own knowledge.
• "Stories from the pictures." Find a story in which part of the words replace the pictures. Thus, your child will learn new words and develop imagination.
• "Photo substance". Give the child a picture, then remove it, show him a completely different one so that it differs from the previous certain element.
• "Day Night". On the table, lay out various pictures. Having said, “the night came”, the baby must close his eyes, and you at this time hide one image. Opening his eyes, the child has to guess which picture is not enough.

How to develop memory, coherent speech, memorization of information for primary school children with the help of mnemonics: methods, techniques and exercises

Thanks to mnemonics, the entire brain is included in the work. The left hemisphere of the brain will be responsible for logic, and the right hemisphere - for the imagination. Invite your child one of the following methods of mnemonics or all at once. You can practice them with him every day.

• "Chain". This method will allow your child to learn how to remember several elements at the same time. For example, it is necessary to remember some products. The child must imagine the image of these products, glue them mentally with other objects of the same color and size. Then he must tie the images among himself, thereby receiving pairs. When he gets a connection, let him mentally remove one picture, switch attention to the second subject. After that, he will have a connection between the next pair of pictures. When the child recalls the entire chain, several objects will come up in consciousness at the same time.
• "Matryoshka". Here pictures are combined in pairs. The first image of the association is larger, it includes the second picture. The method resembles a nesting doll: the child needs to be represented by small elements large, combining them with part of large objects. When the child connects them, his consciousness will be directed to a smaller element, and a large object will disappear from thoughts. After that, the child needs to increase the subject and attach to the next image, etc.

• "Symbolization". This method is used to remember abstract concepts. Having mentally imagined the image, the child should ask himself the question of how to imagine it better? For example, cold causes associations with ice, snow. And the heat with the summer, the sea.
• Ciceron method. This method is considered quite interesting. The child remembers the interior of the room, binds to certain elements of the association, thereby remembering them. It is important here that the child adheres to a special sequence. For example, moving towards the clockwise, he must present the way from home to school. And, when he will follow this path repeatedly, select the remembered objects, call associations to them.

Mnemics for children: tables of numbers, letters, characters

The easiest method that allows the child to remember numbers, letters and symbols is a table. You can draw such tables yourself using our tips.

In order to remember the numbers, make the schemes by placing numbers and associations to them. Example:

To remember the letters, make a similar scheme, only the essence here is a little different. Place the letters in the first column, in the second, draw images, the names of which begin precisely for this letter.

Mnemics in kindergarten based on fairy tales: Methodology for preschool educators

You can train them to retell some texts on a variety of topics even in kindergartens. For this type of mnemonics, teachers, as a rule, use support schemes. Training begins with a year or from 2 years, when the baby is already familiar with some fairy tales and tries to tell them, while confusing the characters and events. Special mnembelders for preschool children are educators according to the fairy tales known to them.

Images in tables of tables are characters of fairy tales. A fairly convenient fairy tale called “Kolobok” in such practice. In this table, events are repeated from time to time, and the characters are changing. For babies for 2 years, tables consisting of 4 - 9 cells are suitable, no more.

The following tables are drawn by the teacher with children. The guys with great pleasure will take part in the preparation of such mnemblics. In the future, they will independently come up with tables to any fairy tale, complicating a little of them, increasing the number of cells themselves.

In this case, improving memory occurs due to regular encoding of verbal information in pictures and vice versa. As a result, children scroll the resulting material in their heads several times, remembering it automatically.

For children over 5 years, the task is a little more complicated:

• Option 1. Characters from completely different fairy tales are included in the table. Then the children determine which characters in the table are superfluous.
• Option 2. In the table, the characters of fairy tales are mixed. Children must distribute these heroes according to the right tables.
• 3 option. Tables are cut, then the children restore them on their own. The cards are scattered, the teacher reads a fairy tale, and the children find the necessary image.

The use of mnemonics to help children when memorizing the multiplication table

Techniques for studying the multiplication table are very similar to those that are used to learn a foreign language. Here you can also use cards by writing on them the numbers in any place wherever you like.

Currently, the following methods of mnemonics are also considered quite common:

• Reception from 2, 3, 5. This type of mnemonics is used, as a rule, at the initial stage of studying the multiplication table. This account is considered a basic technique that allows you to get acquainted with the multiplication table. This method technologically corresponds to the method during which there is a memor of unambiguous numbers and their composition. If your child can master the material, he in the future can easily cope with the numbers remaining from the table, as well as with more complex options.

• Consistent addition. This method directly concerns the addition of identical terms. It is considered convenient, even during multiplication 7 or 8, unless, of course, the second multiplier is small. For example, 5x3 \u003d 5+5+5.
• Adding a term number to the past result. This technique is used if the child has already learned something from the multiplication table. For example, 4. Continue the example given above. It is easily remembered. But, if you need 5x6, then you can add to the receipt 15 to the received answer 5. 15+5+5+5. In addition, it is necessary that the child can still fold and subtract up to 100 in the mind.

The use of mnemonics in speech therapy classes with children

Preschool age is considered the most favorable, since during this period of life the child’s basics, clarity of pronunciation of words, beautiful speech are laid in a child. These are very important conditions that affect the mental education of the child. A child with impaired speech has the following problems:

• The minimum set of words.
• Inability to make sentences from words.
• Impaired pronunciation of certain sounds.
• Broken attention.
• Disrupted logic.

Faced with such a problem, you can use mnemonics. Thanks to her, you will achieve such results:

• The child will improve related speech and associative thinking.
• The child will be able to better absorb the material using visual and auditory memory.
• The child will work better, the process of memorizing sounds will accelerate.

Mnemoswadrates are an ideal method, a symbol of any successful lesson. Thanks to such schemes, you will quickly teach the child to teach poems, riddles, tongue twisters.

Stages of study are the following:

• Expressively read the child.
• Ask the child to learn the verse with you.
• Read the poem again by focusing on the mnemone.
• Ask your child questions regarding the verse. Help him if necessary, understand with him the main idea of \u200b\u200bthe work.
• Find out from the child exactly what words seemed incomprehensible to him. Explain what they mean.
• Read separately all the lines of the verse. Ask the child to repeat the verse.
• At the very end, the child will have to tell a poem.

In the mnembelly that you will use, add all the characters in the verse. Thanks to this, your baby will learn to concentrate attention, correctly build sentences and express his own speech.

Mnemics in the study of vocabulary words: techniques, associations to words

The following types of mnemonics are used to study vocabulary words:

• Visual associations.
• Sound associations.
• Mnemics "Relations" and many others.

Visual associations are most like children. During the memorization of a certain word, invite the baby to look at the picture, which will indicate the word, plus will be able to beat the difficultly memorable letter. For example, depict the word “magnet” and letter “a” in the picture. Having chosen other words, focus on those letters that your baby cannot show or write.

Also in other words, letters that cause difficulties in the child during writing, portray pictures, given the meaning of the word itself. In the word "penny" the second in the account the letter is very similar to a penny. Therefore, instead of her, draw her.

The next technique is sound associations. For example, the word "breakfast" is consonant with the word "cancer". By combining these words into one single phrase, you can get a sentence: “On breakfast It will be boiled crayfish". Your child will learn this word with a sound association. And the phrase itself sounds melodious, therefore, is remembered without problems.

Video: Lesson for the development of speech using mnemonics