Oil mushrooms - edible and false: varieties, when they appear, description, photo. Mushrooms are edible oil: what do they look like, what can you confuse with? How to distinguish between mushrooms of false oil from the present: comparison, similarities and differences. Oil mushrooms: benefits and harms

Types of oil, their features and methods of cleaning.

With the approximation of the warm season, mushroom pickers are activated. Indeed, the first delicious mushrooms can be found at the very beginning of summer. Oils appear one of the very first. This is a very tasty and healthy mushroom that can be used to make hot or soups.

Mushrooms are edible oil: what do they look like, what can you confuse with?

The oils have several doubles with whom it is enough just to confuse them. In early summer, that is, in early July, you can find the first wave of butter, which hide in pine forests. At the same time, false oils and their doubles appear, which are outwardly very similar. But there are several differences between false and true oils. There are several types of oil. That is why the mushroom can be seen at the beginning of summer, and collect at the very end of autumn.

Differences of oil and double mushrooms:

• False mushrooms have a purple film, as well as a plate hat from the inside. The true fungus on the inside of the hat has a thin film, when removing which you can find a porous structure, there are no records.
• In the place of the cut, false oils are released, so after time you will see yellowing. Such a mushroom must be immediately thrown out of the basket. False oils are not fatal mushrooms, but their use can cause indigestion.
• In addition, they taste bitter and can ruin the main dish. Another double of oil is a panther fly. The difference between these mushrooms is that there are whitish spots on the poisonous double. That is why the mushroom received such a name. It resembles the color of the panther.
• But when you collect oils, leaflets or blades of grass can touch the hat. After removal of garbage, light spots appear. Therefore, try to pick mushrooms on top of which there are no grass and leaves, and the hats are clean.

Oil mushrooms - edible: varieties, description, photo

Varieties of oil:

Mastery is deciduous. They have a light gray or brownish color flesh and hat. On top are covered with mucous plane. The leg has a characteristic ring, porous pulp of gray or white. You can find in mixed forests in September and October.

Yellow-brown oil It differs from ordinary in its color. The color is yellow, sometimes orange. If you break the hat, you will see the pulp of the same orange color. There is a characteristic ring on the leg. At the site of the cut, it is sometimes stained in purple.

Granular oils. Early types of mushrooms that can be found in the summer in coniferous forests. The coloring is more faded than in brown oils. At the same time, pores of different sizes are visible from the inside of the hat. Because of this, the oilcock received such a name.

Spring oil. It grows just in young deciduous forests, as well as on sunny edges. Its surface is slightly sticky, the hat has a yellow-brown color. On the back of the hat there are pronounced pores that darken when pressed. This mushroom can be found in the forests from the beginning of June to mid -September.

White oils They have a light hat. She is almost gray-white in dry weather. After the rain it becomes olive. In mature mushrooms, the hat is not dome -shaped, but almost even. On mature mushrooms, gray or brown warts often appear in the hat. When trying to remove the mucous membrane, it is easily removed.

Oil mushrooms - false: varieties, what do you look like, description, photo

False oils in our forests are not common, but it is worth playing a breath. They differ significantly from ordinary butter in their structure, as well as color. Experienced mushroom pickers can easily distinguish such mushrooms.

Features of false oils:

• The fact is that in some literature, false oils are not attributed to poisonous mushrooms, they are simply classified as inedible. This is due to the fact that the taste of such a mushroom is peculiar, quite bitter. In our latitudes there are mainly found pepper oilwhich relate to false. But mushroom pickers do not always throw them out of the basket.
• The mushroom is not poisonous, but its taste is very unpleasant, so experienced mushroom pickers pre -boil them to remove a bitter taste, and then fry with everyone else. If you eat several of these oils, then it is unlikely that you are poisoned. But troubles with the gastrointestinal tract can be observed.

How to distinguish mushrooms of false oil from the present: comparison, similarities and differences

The difference between ordinary and false oils is known for experienced mushroom pickers. Outwardly it seems that the mushrooms are very similar, almost indistinguishable, but this is not so.

Differences and similarities of mushrooms:

• The surface of the false butter has a purple color. If you turn the false mushroom, see a grayish film. After its removal, you will see a plate hat. The edible mushroom has a white film, and under it hides porous pulp, that is, there are no plates.
• If you break a false butter, then a yellow spot appears in the place of the cut after time. Indeed, false oils change their color in the places of fault over time. Also on false oil there is a characteristic white ring. In true oils, it has a purple hue.

Mushrooms similar to oil, edible and inedible: names, description, photo

The oils have no dangerous, poisonous doubles. Mushrooms that are conditionally conventional for eating are available, but they do not cause severe poisoning and cannot provoke death. Almost all doubles can be eaten, but only it is worthwhile to clean them up and boil, before the subsequent heat treatment.

Doubles oil:

• Kozlyak
• Siberian oil
• Perechny oil

All these species belong to conditionally sedentary mushrooms. In an unpeeled form, they are distinguished by a bitter taste, and can cause intestinal disorder. The taste of these mushrooms in an unpeeled form is unpleasant, it differs in bitterness. Siberian oils, even during heat treatment, do not lose a bitter taste. Therefore, despite the fact that they are not poisoned, you can not eat because of poor taste qualities. Kozlyak is also similar to the oilcock, it is not a poisoned mushroom. But his taste is quite specific, which makes it difficult to use it.

Where, in which forest and when to pick mushrooms oil?

Mushrooms grow from June to October, and most often found in large groups. At the beginning of fruiting and at the end, in 70% of cases, mushrooms are affected by larvae and worms. Therefore, it is impossible to eat them. The optimal time for collecting oil is September. At this time, it is best to come for mushrooms with buckets. A large amount of moisture stimulates the growth of the mushroom lord. This mushroom is not solitary, finding a separate mushroom, it is worth taking a closer look around, most often there are many more mushrooms near this mushroom.

Regarding the places of growth, it is worthwhile to allocate coniferous and mixed forests. They prefer to grow on the edges, lawns, along roads. It is rarely found in a swamp and swampy area, it makes no sense to collect there. Not often they can be found in meadows, under separate trees. It is in September that you can pick mushrooms for harvesting. They are sufficient dense, with porous pulp and are suitable for canning, rarely break off.

Mushrooms collected in early summer are not suitable for canning, because banks with such blanks are swollen. You can not collect oils in plantings, which are located near industrial enterprises. Mushrooms absorb chemicals, as well as heavy metals. Even edible mushrooms in this case can cause poisoning and disorders of the gastrointestinal tract.

After what time do oils appear after rain?

Oils appear about two to three days after the rain.

Is it necessary to clean the oils from the film?

Film cleaning is a prerequisite for the preparation of oil.

The expediency of purification is oil from the film:

• The film is not poisoned or harmful, but in the process of frying unpeeled mushrooms, the film sticks to the pan and the mushroom falls apart. This spoils his appearance. If you cook soups, then the film will give the dish a sour -like state and a fairly viscous consistency.
• If you do not want to spoil the soup, you need to remove the film. Before freezing, it is necessary to remove this film, after using a frozen mushroom, it will resemble a jelly, and in general, such mushrooms become watery and bitter in preparation.
• We recommend that before freezing, hot, as well as decorating, clean the film. Indeed, it is poorly cleaned, so it is recommended to leave the mushrooms for a short while so that the hat is dried. Then the film is easily removed with a knife.
• There is another cleaning option - to boil for several minutes in boiling water. Thus, the film will also be able to simply remove.

How to treat oil mushrooms?

So that the mushroom does not grieve, and the aesthetic characteristics do not spoil, it is necessary to correctly clean the oils of the film. This can be done with a knife, and without it.

Cleaning using a knife:

• It is necessary to lubricate your hands and hat with oil, leave for several minutes. After that, pick up the film with a knife and carefully remove. The oiled surface is well separated from the hat.
• Also often use a method with boiling water. You need to hold for several minutes of oil over the steam. Then the film is easily removed with a knife.

WITH there are interesting and unusual methods without using a knife:

• Use of gauze. This option is suitable if the oil is collected in wet weather, the surface of the film is sticky and viscous. It is necessary to put gauze on the table and tightly press the hat to it. Due to the fact that the surface will stick to a piece of fabric, you will be able to easily remove this film, simply picked up with nails.
• Another option for removing the film without a knife is breaking the mushroom. It is necessary in the center to break the mushroom in the place of the hat where the film will be located, just dilute in different directions. Thus, you can easily remove the film.

Are oil mushrooms useful: benefits and harms

Oils are very useful mushrooms, due to the presence of nutrients in them.

The benefits of oil:

• They contain a substance that breaks down urinary acid, which is very useful for migraines, as well as gout. They contain a large number of various vitamins, which allows you to improve immunity, and also prevents various infectious diseases.
• In the composition of the oil, there are natural antibiotics that suppress the reproduction of pathogenic microflora in the body.
• The composition of these mushrooms has a protein, which in its composition is very close to the protein of meat. Therefore, it is advisable to eat mushrooms to vegetarians, as well as people who observe the post.

Despite the fact that the oils are very useful, there are several harmful properties:

• Mushrooms accumulate more than anyone else chemical elements, radioactive substances, as well as heavy metals. Therefore, do not collect them near the highway, nearby production enterprises.
• You can not eat this mushroom in large quantities. It contains chitin, which slows down the digestion of food, can cause indigestion. Therefore, use the product in small portions.

Could there be oil poisoning with oils?

Despite the fact that the oils are very tasty, healthy mushrooms, cases of poisoning are recorded.

Causes of oil poisoning:

• Mushrooms were collected in places unsuitable for this. That is, along the highway, or near chemical plants. In this regard, mushrooms absorbed poisonous substances and caused poisoning.
• Instead of conventional oils, false are collected, so the indigestion of the stomach and impaired work of the gastrointestinal tract were observed.
• Mushrooms were prepared without compliance with culinary norms, prepared in unsanitary conditions. Thus, E. coli or other pathogenic microorganisms could get into the dish.

Why does the oilcock turn blue on the cut?

Many novice lovers of quiet hunting are scared by a blue that appears at the site of the mushroom cut. Almost all the mushrooms turn blue along the cut, but for some it manifests itself very slightly and almost imperceptibly, and such mushrooms as oils turn blue enough, a very dark purple-blue shade appears. You should not be scared, it is quite normal, and does not affect taste. The substances included in the composition of the oil are oxidized in the air, therefore, a blue shade is obtained.

Another representative of the mushrooms that blue at the site of the cut is a goat. This mushroom is not poisoned, it is very similar to oil, but has a bitter taste. Therefore, it can be collected in a basket with the rest of the mushrooms. Before frying, it is necessary to boil in order to disappear bitterness. Therefore, if you find a blue shade at the place of fault of the mushroom, you should not throw it out of the Lukoshka, this is an edible mushroom.

Oils are interesting, unusual mushrooms from which you can cook a large number of delicious and nutritious dishes. They can be canned, frying, dried. Replenish your diet with oils.

Video: Methods of cleaning oil