Gaduka is ordinary: how does it look, multiplies, how to distinguish from a terrible, a copper, a runner, in which natural zone it lives, poisonous or not than eats, breathes, swims, does it live with horror? Rules of conduct when meeting with vipers, symptoms and consequences of a bite, first aid for a bite of the vipers: Description

With the approximation of the summer season, many of us are wondering how to distinguish a viper from a terrible. Because the warm season is a great time for a picnic and barbecue. Many are going to rest in a forest belt or to reservoirs, where there may be a large number of vipers. In this article we will tell you how it looks and how dangerous it is.

Snake of Gaduka ordinary: structure, dimensions, external signs, photo

An ordinary viper weighs 100 g, the maximum weight of about 200 g. The average length is 65 cm. But on the Scandinavian peninsula there are individuals up to 90 cm in length. The color is very diverse, it can be either yellow, gray, or black, brown. A distinctive feature of the vipers is a flat head, which is clearly separated from the body with the neck department. At the same time, there are three shields on the head. On the middle shield is a nose. Eyes have an interesting and unusual vertical shape, which gives a snake of an evil look. It is found in Europe and Asia. Unlike their relatives of the Snake family, the ordinary viper prefers lower temperatures, so it is found even in the north lane.

The snake of the viper is poisonous or not, is its bite fatal for humans and animal?

Indeed, the poison of ordinary vipers is not much different from its tropical relatives and those who live in Europe and Asia. It has mainly paralytic effects, is a strong allergen. However, rarely leads to death. This is mainly observed if a person has a strong allergic reaction to some drugs, and in particular to the poison of vipers. But usually, in 70% of cases, all the symptoms of a bite disappear after about 2-4 days. The edema disappears during this time, the pain in the limb disappears. As for animals, the viper bite can be fatal for dogs or cats.

Differences and similarities of vipers and a terrible, copper, runner: comparison, length, description, photo

If you know a few differences between viper and uhom, Poloz and Medianka, it is not difficult to recognize these snakes. There are a number of characteristics and distinguishing features.

Differences and similarities:

• First of all, you can distinguish snakes in the shape of a head: in vipers it is oval slightly, flattened, more resembles a triangular one. The terrible is oval, ovoid.
• The viper has a clear transition from the neck to the body. The terrible does not have such a transition, it is somewhat smoothed. You can also distinguish in color. The viper has zigzag -shaped stripes on his back, the terrible does not have such stripes. He is all spotted
• The copper has yellow spots, which are located in a checkerboard pattern. If you compare the color of the abdomen, then the vipers almost all the time it is gray or black. Teru has transitions. Closer to the head, a colorful color, and a little darker to the tail.
• You can also distinguish in the shape of the body. The viper’s body is much shorter, the tail is not so sharp, much more dumb. The terrible trunk is thinner, and the tail is sharp. You can also be distinguished by pupils. In vipers they are vertical, Teru, the copper and the runner are ordinary - round.
• If you look at not only your eyes, and you have the opportunity to pick up the snake, you can press on your jaw on the side and look at your teeth. The viper has two huge incisors. It is from these teeth that the poison stands out. Teru does not have such teeth. He has all his teeth of the same size, there are no similar to incisors.
• You can determine the snake at the habitat. If you saw a snake that catches fish in the water, this is most likely not a viper, but already. Because vipers rarely catch fish.
• If you saw a snake on a tree, this is also not a viper. Because she also does not like to crawl through trees.
• If you go in landing, you saw a whole ball of snakes, this is also not a viper. Because they mate in pairs and do not turn into balls.
• If you saw eggs on the road, these are also not a viper. These snakes are vigorous, but it is still laying eggs.

In what natural zone does the viper live, what does it eat, breathes?

A viper in the Caucasus, in the steppes, in the mountains, as well as in the northern latitudes lives. It tolerates heat and cold. Therefore, ordinary viper can be found almost everywhere. As for the habitat, for the winter they burrow deep into the ground. In the afternoon they often hide in the burrows. Because they prefer to hunt at night and do not like neighborhood with other snakes. The breathing system of the viper consists not of two lungs, but of three. There is a so -called tracheal lung, which is available in the area where the trachea ends and resembles an air bag. It allows you to accumulate air. Thanks to this, the vipers can swim.

The nutrition of the vipers differs significantly depending on the habitat, as well as on the time of year. We can say that the basis of its diet is frogs, small birds, mice, rodents, as well as lizards. Young snakes, which recently hatched from eggs, eat mainly insects. These are rainworms, beetles, slugs.

Does Viper live with terrible, can he cross with them?

The crossing of terrible and vipers is unlikely, because the vipers are vigorous, and eggs are laid down eggs. There is a significant difference in this. In addition, these are different species, they have a different structure of the genitals. There is an opinion among the people that there are poisonous owls, as well as vipers that swim in reservoirs and catch fish. In fact, these are fiction. People often confuse a viper with water horrors, which have no coloring for uns. Most often they are a dark homogeneous color, but with a more detailed consideration of the terrible one can see that his pupils are not vertical, but ordinary round. When eating fish and swallowing it, there are no large sharp incisors.

Snake of viper - varieties: brief description, name, photo

• Yamkolovaya vipers.They are called  prosty snakes or explosives (lat. Crotalinae). They differ in the presence of 2 infrared holes, which are in the recess between the eyes and nostrils.
• Zabi vipers.Relate to the ovuming type of snakes, which is a rarity among all representatives of the family.
• Viper(lat. Viperinae). The largest subfamily, whose representatives live even in the conditions of the Arctic (ordinary viper).
• Azemiopinae. Subfamily presented by the only one and a view - burmese viper.

Do vipers live, and which are found in Belarus, Urals, Siberia, Tatarstan, the Caucasus, live in the steppe?

It is worth noting that this species is distributed almost throughout the globe, except Australia and some northern regions.

Hills and types:

• In Kazakhstan, the so -called steppe vipers are found.
• In the Caucasus there are steppe vipers, Gyurza, ordinary viper, as well as a real viper.
• Recently in the Urals, a whole invasion of vipers has been recorded. A large number of people suffer from them. The common viper is mainly widespread here.
• This species is also found in Siberia, Tatarstan, as well as in Belarus. The steppe viper acquired widespread in Belarus.

How do they behave in nature, how do they winter, how much vipers live?

The vipers lead a ground lifestyle, although among the relatives there is such a look as an earthen viper who prefers to burst underground and hide in burrows. She can also live in crevices between rocks or under the stones. Basically, all types of vipers lead a sedentary lifestyle and do not really like to move over long distances. This happens if it is necessary to look for a shelter for wintering. In the daytime, they often heat up in the sun, if it is very hot outside, they can hide in the shade, under the stones. They hunt mainly at night.

It was established that during the period of winter hibernation, the viper can be exploded underground, to a depth of 1 m. Because at such a depth it is impossible to freeze. The reptiles come to life in mid -spring, this is around the end of April. They can also winter in rodents or under the roots of trees.

On average, a viper can live for 15-30 years, but some observations of scientists prove that the survival period is significantly reduced after two or three years of reproduction. That is, childbirth significantly reduce life expectancy in vipers. The average age of giving birth reaches 5-7 years.

What to do if a man’s viper is bitten, a dog?

You can find a lot of tips that say that with a bite of vipers, it is necessary to suck out the venom from the wound. In fact, this is an absolutely useless procedure, because the poison spreads instantly. In addition, there is a risk of bringing bacteria from the mouth into the wound. In some sources, you can find recommendations to apply a bite of the bite on top. But as practice shows, this is also useless. In the poison of vipers, there are substances that contribute to the development of necrosis, when leaning the place of bite, you contribute to the withering away of tissues.

Recommendations:

• When going to the forest, it is necessary to take antihistamines with you. It can be Diazolin, Cetrin, Claritin or Eden. Seductive is also useful.
• In most cases, if 15 minutes after the bite of the viper did not develop severe edema, there is no anaphylactic shock, most likely, the pain at the bite site will pass a few days later without significant consequences for the body.
• If the reaction to the bite is serious, the edema of the larynx or person is observed, then it is urgent to go to the ambulance department. There you will be introduced serum. A systematic treatment is also carried out, which is aimed at eliminating the consequences of the bite.
• That is, if the bite provoke a drop in pressure, it is increased, antihistamines are given, adrenaline can be administered.
• Therapy in dogs is the same as in people. It is necessary to give an antihistamine, as well as, if necessary, administer the serum against the poison. But as practice shows, such breeds as hunting and dachshunds, which are usually taken to hunt with them, perfectly tolerate the bites of the viper without consequences for the body.
• In about a week, the animal will feel good.

How does the viper propagate, does it lay eggs or vigorous?

It is worth noting that the vipers are lively. They do not lay eggs. The process itself is something in the middle between the birth of a child in people and the masonry of eggs in chicken, because the viper gives birth to an egg in a soft shell that develops during birth. At one time, the viper can give birth to 5-12 cubs. Basically, the process of childbirth takes place on a tree: the snake sways the lower part of the body to the sides, snakes fly apart and fall on the grass. The most interesting thing is that inside the mother the fruits feed not only with the yolk that is in the egg, they are associated with the mother’s body. We can say that they eat through the placenta. The viper in no way takes care of her babies, immediately after birth they spread to the sides.

Mating begins 14-21 days after waking up. During this time, the snake is eating, gaining strength and mating. The fact is that vipers can accumulate sperm inside the body and fertilization occurs when conveniently the snake. That is, they have special receivers for sperm in which it can be stored for a long time. In one terrarium, the maximum term is recorded, only 6 years after mating, the viper gave birth to cubs.

When, at what time of the year are vipers most dangerous?

The most aggressive vipers are during mating, which falls in June a month or May. A repeated peak of aggression is observed in August and September.

Rules of conduct when meeting with viper

Behavior rules:

• The snakes themselves are not aggressive and are the first to attack a person, so it is necessary, as soon as you notice the snake, to leave this place.
• If the viper took the position of defense, hisses, widespread his mouth, does not need to move, make some sudden movements, and run away.
• In addition, you do not need to try to grab her by the tail or by the head. A good option would be to use the stick.
• Take some long stick, keep it in front of you, perhaps the viper will attack her. Then you can run away from this place.
• It is worth remembering that Viper does not know how to crawl quickly, so she cannot catch up with you, but it is not worth running away when the snake is in the phase of hissing and defense.
• Knowledgeable people note that a snake that you did not notice is more dangerous than the one you saw.

What to do if a person’s viper bites: symptoms of a bite, first aid

Symptoms of a bite:

• Acute pain
• Numbness in the place of bite
• After that, as the poison spreads, dizziness may be observed
• Anaphylactic shock
• Edema
• Strong pain
• Redness at the place of bite

It all depends on how a person reacts to the poison of the snake. There are times when in almost 15 minutes the symptoms of the bite disappeared. But in some cases, the bite of vipers can lead to death. It is necessary to observe the person in the first 15-30 minutes after the bite. If he has severe edema of the face, larynx, you must urgently consult a doctor. It is urgent to go by taxi or ambulance to the hospital, for the administration of serum, as well as antihistamines.

The first help is the intake of antihistamines, these are diazolin, clarithin, Eden or Loratadin. You can also accept dimedrol. It is possible to take analgesics, painkillers. If this is a child, you need to urgently go to the hospital. It is not recommended to suck the poison from the wound, and it is not recommended to apply the tourniquet.

What to do if the viper bites the dog?

If the viper bit the dog, then measures are the same as with a man's bit. It is necessary to introduce an antihistamine to the animal, anesthetic. Give him a rest, immobilization will be an ideal option.

The consequences of the bite of the vipers

For each person, the poison of vipers has different effects. Someone quickly recovers, and some recover for a very long time. The restoration may take about a year if appropriate measures have not been taken. An ideal option will be immediately after a bite, without waiting for edema or some consequences, to go to the hospital. In this case, the prenisolone - an antihistamine drug is administered in the toxicology department, and also make several cleansing droppers.

If necessary, a special serum is introduced. After a bite, severe edema can be observed, as well as bruises that appear not on the bite day. They can occur for another week or even 10 days. There are cases that due to edema, after the bite of the vipers, the skin on the limbs burst, due to the fact that it could not withstand strong stretching.

Be prepared that after a bite of the vipers for several days you will have to spend in the hospital, because doctors monitor the patient's condition and try to reduce pain. At home, you will not be able to quickly and effectively remove the poison from the body. The most dangerous poison of vipers is for allergy sufferers and people with heart diseases.

Will the viper be bite a rubber boot?

Among the fishermen, there are stories that Viper can bite a rubber boot. In fact, these are legends, because the reptile teeth are not so sharp to bite rubber. This applies not only to the soles, but also the boot. The boots to the knees of the viper will also not be able to bite.

What is the antidote, antidote, serum from the bite of the vipers, where is it sold?

Serum is usually located in large hospitals, as well as in large settlements. Unfortunately, in villages or some paramedic points in the villages, such a fund may not be. A similar substance can be purchased in some large pharmacies, as well as in online stores. If you are in the capital, then courier delivery of this drug can be carried out. We do not recommend independently introducing serum, insist on contacting the hospital. The serum is usually introduced only, and is called "serum against the poison of ordinary vipers." It is produced in special factories using the blood of horses. Antibodies that are in this serum neutralize the action of the poison of vipers.

Do vipers swim in water?

The vipers swim well enough, but they are very lazy, and extremely rarely swim deeply. They can be immersed in water for the purpose of hunting. Large individuals generally lead a sedentary lifestyle, they prefer to freeze somewhere in the grass, in the bushes and wait for the victim to come to them. But many note that if the water in the reservoir is warm, the viper can sail at a distance of 5 km from the coast.

If the viper curled up with a ring, then she is going to do?

In general, snakes rarely rush at people themselves, but if you saw that the viper noticed you and curled up with a ring, she is going to rush at you. An ideal option will be the presence of a stick in the hands. It is necessary to put it in front of the snake bites the stick. Do not abruptly run away or rush to the snake. It is better to freeze and stand in a fixed position, most likely the snake will understand that you are not dangerous and crawl.

Why don't vip should be completely destroyed, who eats vipers?

The viper cannot be completely destroyed, because as a result of this a natural balance may suffer. The fact is that these reptiles eat rodents, mice that harm crops, and are also very undesirable in summer cottages. In addition, they eat a large number of insects, slugs, worms, eating the roots of plants, as well as garden crops. If you destroy the viper, then there will be nothing to eat larger animals. Hedgehogs, cranes feed on vipers. If this is the coast of the river, then during the hunt of the viper it often becomes a victim itself, and it is eaten by larger fish.

Therefore, if a viper started on your country site, do not rush to kill her. It is best to bring a hedgehog to the site and often feed it. The vipers are afraid of hedgehogs, so they are trying in every possible way to change the trajectory of their movement, and also change their places of residence.

What needs to be done with the found viper?

If you have found a sandy viper, then in no case should you initially attack it. No need to try to grab the tail, head or rush at it. Just say, and if possible, take a long stick and just knock on the ground. You can loudly hit a stone or a boot on the ground or throw some log. The viper will most likely crawl. In general, you should not pay attention to it, it is necessary to bypass or even leave in the other direction. If she blocks your path, take a stick and throw it near the viper.

How to scare away, get rid of vipers in a summer cottage, garden?

Many summer residents seek to get rid of Shershava's viper in every way in their area, because it is a danger. If you want to get rid of this animal, you can install ultrasonic repels, make a cat, and also lure hedgehogs. The most interesting thing is that the so -called Hungarian method is often used:

• On the site, saucers with beer or wine are placed, which can enjoy the hedgehog.
• In a state of intoxication, the hedgehog becomes very active and exterminates almost all rodents, as well as creeping creatures that are in your summer cottage.

If you want your site there is no viper, then often mow grass. In this case, the snakes will not hide due to the lack of secluded places and high grass. Also, the noise from the lawn mower repel snakes. It is worth paying attention to the presence of a compost heap, it is best to have such containers with fertilizer away from the summer cottage, because the compost heap is an excellent place for the propagation of snakes. It is there that she can give birth to her offspring, as well as to lie the last days before childbirth.

Can a viper crawl into the house, what to lay from her at the entrance of the house?

If you live in a private house, and a snake was noticed on your site, then you need to try to protect your house from the penetration of the vipers.

Ways to fight:

• We recommend that all heaps of garbage, as well as stones, cut the grass. Around the house, lay out the balls of Naftalin, this smell scares the snakes.
• It is also worth using the usual gray that can be purchased at the pharmacy. Using gloves, it is necessary to scatter sulfur around the house, as well as when entering it.
• These methods are not suitable if you have small children, as well as pets that can eat poison.
• If you think that Viper lives in the basement, you need to close all the holes that lead to the house. Use mounting foam or other sealant.
• When you find a snake nest, it is best to call a specialist who will help to cope with animals.
• In no case should you grab or try to kill the viper, purchase special traps for snakes.

Interesting facts about viper

Interesting Facts:

• Some peoples consider these snakes sacred. On the island of Penang, snakes on trees are hung, and also taken to a special temple and considered the keepers of the hearth.
• In some Japanese and Chinese restaurants, dried disintections are prepared. The food is considered an excellent delicacy, such meat is often used by folk healers.
• The most interesting thing is that it is the ordinary viper that is the only poisonous snake that lives in Northern Europe, as well as in the northern parts of Russia.

An ordinary viper is a common snake that lives in our latitudes, and is a significant danger, both for adults and pets. Therefore, going to nature or picnic, if you know that you will wander along the high grass, it is best to wear high rubber boots, as well as closed clothes. Be sure to take a stick to rustle in front of you in the grass. Thus, you can avoid meeting with viper.

Video: First aid for a bite of vipers