Pressure in children: calculation formula. Symptoms, causes and treatment of increased pressure in children

Does your child get tired quickly and his head hurt regularly? It is likely that he has problems with blood pressure. Our article will introduce the reasons for the development of this pathology, and also tell you how to fight with high and reduced pressure.

For some reason, we believe that only adults can disturb problems with blood pressure. But unfortunately, this is far from the case. Recently, a tendency has appeared that this pathology began to manifest itself in very young children.

Therefore, if your baby in the middle of the day begins to complain about fatigue and headaches, then be sure to measure his pressure. And if there is at least the slightest deviation from the norm, immediately show the child to a specialist. After all, only the timely elimination of the causes of the development of pathologists will allow your baby to grow strong and healthy.

What pressure is considered normal in children?

• Since small children have quite elastic vessels with quite large gaps and a very expanded capillary network, small pressure indicators are considered to be the norm for them. The newly born baby can have 80/50 mm Hg. Art. And this does not mean that a little person feels bad

• With this pressure, he will live the whole first year of his life, and only when the growth intensity will decrease slightly (usually this occurs 12-14 months after birth), its indicators will increase to 95/65 mm Hg. Art. Further, the older the child becomes, the higher the pressure rises

• In children of primary school age, it can already be 100/70. But even at this age there is a possibility that the indicators can be slightly lower. This may be due to the fact that the baby does not have everything in order with the vessels. But still, if you approach the solution of this problem quite seriously, then it will be possible to deal with it quickly enough

• In 12-14 summer children, blood pressure rises to 120/75 mm Hg. Art. Moreover, in girls, since they develop faster, these indicators are always much higher than in boys. But to determine the pressure rate in 16 year old adolescents is quite difficult

• At this age, indicators can change several times a day. In the morning it can be high enough, and in the evening it sinks below the norm. But most often it is held in the range of 130/85 mm Hg. Art. But after the hormones calmed down, the pressure of adolescents stabilizes and does not exceed the indicators of 120/80 mm Hg. Art

Pressure calculation formula in children

• As you already understood the human pressure changes throughout his life. It is proved that the older a person becomes, the higher his indicators become. The same changes occur with the body of children. In the process of their growth, the vessels become thinner and less elastic

• All this leads to the fact that by the age of 15-16, their indicators are compared with the indicators of adults. But since the kids never sit still and are almost always in motion, quite often blood pressure indicators can deviate slightly from the norm

• In addition, the environment can affect the state of the child, for example, a sharp temperature difference. Against the backdrop of a quick change in weather conditions, pressure can jump out and will start very much. Therefore, young parents must be able to correctly calculate the indicators. In order to understand that with your child everything is fine you will need to use a special formula

So:
• Multiple the child’s age by two and write down the result on the sheet
• Add 80 to the resulting result (Sum and will be upper pressure)
• For example, your son or daughter is 7 years old, which is ideally blood pressure should be (7 × 2) + 80 \u003d 94
• Lower pressure indicators should be at least 2 times less than the upper 94: 2 \u003d 47
• That is, the pressure of a seven -year -old child should be in the range of 94/47 mm Hg. Art

How to measure pressure to a child?

• If your baby is inclined to jumps in blood pressure, then do not pity on money and buy a high -quality tonometer. Just keep in mind that if the child is very small, then you cannot use standard adult devices. In this case, you will have to spend money on a special apparatus for children

• When buying it, be sure to pay attention to the width of the cuff, because it will depend on it how accurate pressure measurements will be. Since small children have very thin pens, the best option for them would be a 4-6 cm wide cuff

• For an older age category, models with a width of 7-9 cm are suitable. And remember, it is necessary to measure hell with a child only when it will be as calm as possible

• Therefore, even if the baby after a stormy walk complains of a headache, wait at least half an hour and only then conduct the necessary measurements. For a more correct result, you can grunt your child several times to take a deep breath

Recommendations for measuring blood pressure:
• Plant or put the child so that his hand is completely relaxed and lay with a palm up
• Put the tonometer cuffs on the previously naked shoulder
• It must be recorded so that its lower edge 2 cm does not reach the bend of the elbow
• Determine the whereabouts of the artery, press the finordoscope to it and pump air into the cuffs until the pulse is completely disappeared
• Start slowly unscrew the valve that blocks the air
• Listen carefully and see when the pulse appears and when it disappears
• The first pulse blows are considered the upper indicators of blood pressure
• termination of pulsation corresponds to the indicators of the lower hell

Why does a child increase pressure?

• Hypertension (increased blood pressure) occurs 15% of the children. Doctors arbitrarily do it for two subspecies: primary and secondary, that is, coherent with which would not be a disease of internal organs
• The primary can develop almost asymptomatic. You can find out about development only if it is regularly measured at the same time. Most often, it appears in adolescents during puberty, and they may not even complain about poor health
• Usually, as soon as the hormonal background of the teenager returns that pressure indicators are stabilized. Secondary hypertension develops a little more often primary. In this case, it is possible to normalize the condition of the baby only by getting rid of the disease that provokes sharp jumps in blood pressure

The main causes of hypertension in children:
• Perthetic period
• short and restless sleep
• Constant physical and moral fatigue
• Excessive sitting at the computer
• brain damage
• Problems with the cardiovascular system
• kidney development anomaly
• intoxication of the body

Symptoms of high pressure in children

The first sign that your baby will be prone to jumps in blood pressure is a slightly enlarged fontanel. But even if you noticed such not very pleasant changes, you should not be very out of it.

If you will be carefully about the health of your child and regularly visit the pediatrician, then it is likely that you will be able to keep the pathology under control. But even if everything is fine with your baby’s fontanel, you still have to constantly monitor his well -being, because sometimes the pressure begins to jump even in children quite healthy at first glance.

Signs that indicate that your baby has problems with hell:
• causeless prolonged crying
• Nausea and vomiting (infants can uninterruptibly blink)
• A strongly strong expansion of subcutaneous veins
• aching pain in the eyeball area
• headaches intensifying during sleep
• lethargy and fatigue

How to lower the child’s pressure?

Since hypertension can provoke quite serious problems with the cardiovascular system, it is strictly prohibited in this case to engage in self-medication.

For this reason, it is very important that treatment is not easy to remove unpleasant symptoms and effectively fights the factors that provoke their appearance. Therefore, if the child’s pressure does not rise episodically, then be sure to carefully examine his body.

Therapy contributing to the normalization of blood pressure:
• Periodic intake of diuretics
• Reception of diuretics (this can be a diacarb or triampur)
• Also, means that have a sedative effect and enhance cerebral circulation are also prescribed.
• The actions of all drugs enhance physiotherapeutic procedures

General recommendations:
• Normalize the baby's sleep
• Evil so that he receives all the vitamins and trace elements he needs
• Control its pastime near modern gadgets
• try that the baby is in the fresh air for the long time
• At least for a while, reduce the amount of salt in dishes for the child

Why does the child have low pressure?

• Hypotension - This is a disease in which blood pressure falls much lower than normal indicators. There are two types of hypotension: physiological and pathological. The first type of usual does not require any treatment, because it does not have a negative effect on either the health of the child or his development

• Most often, such a problem appears in children who are engaged in gymnastics or live high in the mountains. In this case, the body thus adapts to the pace of life of the baby. Pathological hypotension is a more complex disease that requires treatment. But it can also be divided into primary and secondary

• The primary most often develops against the background of vegetovascular dystonia, and if the baby leads a healthy lifestyle, then over time it disappears without a trace. If other pathologists of internal organs join the VVD, then secondary hypotension may develop in the child. This type of disease requires more thorough diagnosis and proper treatment

The causes of hypotension in children:
• circulatory disorders
• chronic inflammatory process
• Mental overwork
• sharp dehydration
• Strong blood loss

Symptoms of low pressure in children

The most hypotension are children from 4 to 8 years old. Typically, the symptoms of the disease are most clearly expressed in the morning. Even before getting out of bed, a child can feel weak and incomprehensible irritation. Therefore, such children usually act up and for no reason refuse to go to school or kindergarten.

Some parents perceive such behavior as a whim and try to make a child to do what he is supposed to do. Unfortunately, this behavior of adults only exacerbates the situation. Strong stress has a negative impact of the central nervous system, and it, in turn, violates the work of blood vessels. Ultimately, this leads to the fact that the baby drops even more pressure.

Signs of hypotension in children:
• aching pain in the forehead and nape
• Inhibition
• Loss of consciousness
• The child does not perceive the information said
• Gas accumulation in the intestines may be observed
• heart interruptions

How to increase the pressure of a child?

There are medication and non -drug methods of treatment of hypotension. If hypotension is physiological, then the child may well not take medications. In this case, you will only need to establish the daily regime of your child and regularly (twice a day) to measure blood pressure.

But if your child develops a hypotonic disease, then it treats it exclusively with a medication. After all, if the pathology is so aggravated, then it will be possible to normalize the proper nutrition of internal organs and to establish blood circulation exclusively tablets and mixtures.

So:
• Teach the child to do morning exercises
• After physical exercises, carry out water procedures without fail
• Divide the daily diet into 6 meals
• Pass the medical massage course
• You must also take anticholinergic drugs and antidepressants

Video: Dr. Komarovsky: Intracranial pressure