What is a fistula after surgery, what does it look like? Ligature fistula of the postoperative scar, a fistula on the seam after childbirth, cesarean, appendicitis: signs, causes, treatment, excision

How is the fistula that appeared after the operation treated? We will introduce you to the most effective methods of treating ligature fistulas, and also tell you why they appear.

Any, even the simplest, surgical intervention in the human body, as a rule, requires a lot of time to heal wounds. Absolutely all operations end with the imposition of seams, which should contribute to the faster and qualitative restoration of the patient.

But sometimes it is in the place where the open wound was sewn up, a strong inflammatory process begins, which is characterized by the redness of the skin and the formation of pus. All this indicates that a person began a rather serious complication, requiring immediate and high -quality treatment.

If you do not start the fight against the fistula as quickly as possible, then it is likely that the patient may need another surgical intervention.

What is a fistula after surgery, what does it look like?

• Fistula - This is a hollow channel, inside the human body, which connects the human organs with the external environment. Also, fistula can have a saline in the inner cavity with a benign or malignant formation. As a rule, this tube is lined with epithelium and is a channel through which the pus formed inside the body after surgery comes out

• Outwardly, it looks like an ordinary deep wound, around which the skin was inflamed. A fistula can appear on almost any part of the body, and it is not necessary in the place where the section was. There are cases when an inflammatory process occurs for a long time inside the body and a person learns that something is not so with him only when a characteristic hole that distinguishes purulent masses appears on his body

• But not only pus can be released from the fistula, if the internal organs have not struck the problem for a long time, then feces, urine and bile can be released from the formed channel

In addition, doctors distinguish several more types of postoperative fistulas:

1. Full. Has two exits at once, which contributes to a faster removal of the inflammatory process and healing
2. Incomplete. It has only one way out, which is usually inside the abdominal cavity. This contributes to the intensive reproduction of pathogenic microflora and increased inflammatory processes
3. Guboid. In this case, the fistula fuses with dermatological cover and muscle tissue. It can only be removed surgically
4. Granular. This type of fistula is characterized by the formation of granulation fabric, hyperemia and fairly strong edema
5. Tubular. A fully formed channel that emits pus, mucus and feces

Ligature fistula of the postoperative scar after childbirth, cesarean, appendicitis: signs, causes

• Ligature - These are special medical threads that doctors use for layered tissue stitching damaged during surgery. Typically, before using them, an open wound is carefully treated with disinfectants and only after this goes on to impose a seam

• But sometimes such actions are not enough and, together with the thread, pathogens that provoke severe suppuration and the formation of a ligature postoperative fistula fall into the body. As a rule, it is opened after a few days and, together with the pus, the material that was used to suture the wound comes out of it

• Most often, silk threads provoke such a problem, so recently doctors began to use material, which through the minimum time period is absorbed by itself and does not require removal of seams and additional processing

The main causes of the fistula after the operation:

• Orgasm perceives the material that was used to suture the wound, as an alien body and begins to reject it
• The wound itself is infected, as well as a ligature
• Untimely and poor -quality processing of the postoperative seam
• Too much patient's age
• Excess weight
• Reduced immunity

Signs of a fistula:

• A sequesty appears in the skin, which begins to hurt significantly when pressed. In some cases, pronounced tubercles appear that release infiltrate

• Near the infected scar will be clearly noticeable. Moreover, it will look most brightly in the course of ligature.

• The temperature can rise very sharply. And since the inflammatory process will intensify in the body all the time, it will not be lost to normal indicators

• Strong suppuration appears, which, with incorrect treatment, turns into a weakening of rather large sizes

• The fistula can be delayed for a while, and then become inflamed with renewed vigor

The consequences that cause fistula

The postoperative fistula itself does not pose a threat to life. But if the patient puts everything on its own, then the pathogenic bacteria that are inside the fistulas will begin to affect healthy organs, and tissues and this will provoke the appearance of rather serious diseases.

In addition, the body may refuse to respond correctly to therapeutic therapy, which in turn can also cause rather serious complications.

The most common complications in the treatment of a fistula after surgery:

• Abscess. Purulent masses fill the entire inner cavity of the fistulous hole
• Phlegmon. In this case, pus, in addition to tissues, begins to affect fatty tissue
• Sepsis. The opening of the fistulous hole inside the human body occurs. The pus falls on the internal organs of the patient
• Fever, provoked by purulent mass. Temperature indicators can rise to maximum marks. In this case, a person can lose consciousness and poorly navigate in space

Purulent fistula on the operating seam - treatment

• As you already, probably, understood a purulent fistula is not a deadly sentence and, with proper treatment, is almost always quite good to treat. But still, in most cases, for a favorable outcome, as a rule, a surgical operation is required

• If the doctor decides to postpone the intervention, then the patient will be prescribed conservative treatment. But it should be carried out under the strict supervision of a specialist and preferably in a hospital. Typically, such treatment is aimed at eliminating pathogenic microflora, which provokes inflammation

• If the therapy is selected correctly, then quite quickly the fistulous hole will drag out and the patient will be able to return to normal life. For processing the inflamed area of \u200b\u200bthe skin, drugs with antiseptic, antibacterial and bactericidal effects are usually used

• In addition, antibiotics and vitamins are necessarily prescribed to the patient, which help maintain the body's defenses at the normal level. But immediately I want to say that conservative treatment does not give a 100% guarantee that the fistula does not open again. Therefore, most doctors offer not to suffer and immediately undergo an operation to remove a purulent hearth

• After washing the wound, drainage is usually installed in it. In the postoperative period, everyday washing of drainage and a change of sterile bandages is carried out. If after a few days the number of purulent masses does not begin to decrease, then the patient is additionally prescribed anti -inflammatory drugs, antibiotics and vitamin E

• In addition, dressings can be used, with ointments that will stimulate the healing process. In this case, troxevasin ointment can be prescribed, for example,. As soon as the purulent stops the drainage gets out of the wound and then the patient can only follow so that the infection does not get into it and periodically change the bandage

Folk remedies for the treatment of a fistula

In the trailer, treating ligature postoperative fistulas with folk methods is permissible. Some of the described methods below remove inflammation quite well and reduce the amount of pus.

But still, if you decide to get rid of the problem in this way, then before starting treatment, be sure to consult a specialist. After all, if you have launched your condition very much, then it is likely only to aggravate the course of the disease.

So:

• Take olive oil and strong vodka and equal parts and mix until smooth. The resulting mixture 3-4 times a day wipe the inflamed area of \u200b\u200bthe skin. To enhance the therapeutic effect, you can immediately apply a cabbage leaf in advance in advance with boiling water. So you will not only kill the pathogenic microflora, but also contribute to the faster discharge of pus

• For the preparation of the next miracle, you will need mummy and aloy juice. The mummy must be soaked in boiled water, and when it paints it in a dark brown color, add aloe juice to it. In this solution, it will be necessary to moisten the sterile bandage and apply it to the sore spot

• If you need to stretch pus as quickly as possible, then use the well -known St. John's wort for this for this. In this case, a decoction and leaves can be used. First, cut off the leaves of St. John's wort, pour them with water, and then stretch them on low heat for 10-15 minutes. When the broth has cooled a little, moisten a bandage in it and put the leaves on it in one layer. Fix this bandage on the fistula and leave it there for 4 hours. After this time, the bandage must be removed, the sore spot is treated with hydrogen peroxide, and then apply fresh

• A celandine decoction will help you fight with a fistula from the inside. If you prepare a decoction from this plant and take it regularly for a month, then the substances that are in its composition will kill an infection in the fistula of the hole and will help relieve inflammation. But since this broth thorves the blood very much, it will be better if the doctor determines the dosage

• You can try to get rid of the fistula with ordinary black bread. Take the pulp and slightly sprinkle it with water. When the upper layer is slightly softened, attach bread to the sore spot and fix the sterile bandage. This procedure must be carried out once a day. Before each banner bread, be sure to treat the wound with hydrogen peroxide. If you do everything right, then approximately the third day you will see that the fistula was completely cleared of pus and began to drag on

Ointment for the treatment of postoperative fistula

They have also proven themselves well -made ointments of home production. They quite well eliminate the cause of the infection and contribute to a faster restoration of dermatological integuments. But in this case, it is extremely important to be very careful about applying the ointment, as well as pre -processing the wound.

It is necessary to protect yourself from repeated infection of the fistulous hole. After all, if you impose non -sterile bandages and use a means of doubtfully quality, then you are unlikely to improve your condition.

The most popular ointments:

• At home, an ointment can also be useful, which will have both anti -inflammatory and healing properties. For its preparation, you will need a pine gum, natural honey, butter, aloe and medical tar pulp. All ingredients are mixed in equal parts and are brought to uniform in a water bath. The resulting tool should be applied to pre -disinfected areas of the skin

• Another effective remedy is an ointment of fresh calendula flowers. They need to be tightly folded by the floor of a liter jar and poured with melted pork fat or butter. Leave the product in a dark place for 10-12 hours to infuse. Then shift its clay pot and increase 48 hours in the oven, at a temperature of 70 degrees. After the ointment has cooled, transfer it to a container with a sealed lid and store it in a dark cool place. The resulting tool can simply lubricate the fistulous hole or make medical dressings out of it

Execution of the postoperative fistula

As already mentioned a little higher, the best way to get rid of the postoperative fistula is to conduct its complete excision. Although this procedure is quite ill and has a fairly large recovery period, it will protect you from the development of complications such as sepsis and phlegmon.

Stages of the operation:

1. At first, antiseptic agents are treated with a fistulous hole and all the skin around it
2. Then anesthetic substances are introduced into the wound area
3. At the next stage, the wound is neatly dissected and all pus and ligature remains from it and the remnants of it will be removed
4. After this, all is washed well, set drainage and closed with a secondary seam.
5. The vessels in this case are not sewn as it can lead to the formation of another fistula

After the operation, the affected area of \u200b\u200bthe skin will be required special care. The wound will definitely need to be treated with disinfecting solutions (for example, furatsilin) \u200b\u200band monitor it to be clean and dry all the time. If even after surgery at the place of formation of the fistula, granulation is noticeable, then it must immediately be burned.

Video: ligature fistula of the perineum