What is an echo for ultrasound in gynecology? M echo during pregnancy, after childbirth, in menopause and brain

What does the indicator M-echo mean. The norms of the middle echo in gynecology. M-eho on an ultrasound of the head.

M -echo in gynecology is one of the objective indicators of the state of the endometrium, respectively, the ability of a woman to get pregnant or her health problems.
M - echo is determined during ultrasound examination of the uterine cavity. The doctor compares its indicators of thickness and structure with existing physiological norms, indicates possible deviations from it.

What is an echo for ultrasound in gynecology?

The endometrium is a functional mucous membrane of the uterine cavity, which depends structurally on the menstrual cycle and its current phase, consisting of the basic and functional layer. This structure of blood vessels and glandular cells is formed under the influence of the action of female sex hormones.

Important: the main function of the endometrium is the creation of conditions favorable for implantation and fixation of a fertilized egg in the uterus. After he participates in the formation of the placenta.

M -eho to determine the thickness of the endometrial layer of the uterus, and it changes in line with the days of the female cycle and is associated with a change in the hormonal level.

1. The beginning of the cycle has the name of the proliferative or follicular phase, when the mucous layer grows
2. In the middle of the cycle, the endometrium acquires the consistency of the sponge and becomes thicker under the influence of progesterone
3. If fertilization does not occur, the synthesis of estrogens and progesterone is inhibited, the functional layer of the endometrium is rejected

VIDEO: The uterus and its functions. Endometry

M - echo of uterus: norm by cycle days

1. At the beginning of menstruation, the uterine cavity can expand to 5 mm. Heterogeneous hypoechogenic or gyrechogenic inclusions are recorded (these are blood clots). This phase lasts 3 or 4 days
2. During the proliferative phase, in the next 12 - 14 days, the dimensions of the endometrium are gradually increasing. The increase is fixed at 0.1 mm daily. The ultrasound determines the reduced echogenicity of the endometrium, its uniform structure. The bright hyperchogenic strip and hypoechogenic muscle layer of the uterus is also determined, so the m-eho image is called a three-layer
3. Next comes ovulation, lasting from a few minutes to several hours, it is elusive on an ultrasound
4. During the period of the periovulatory phase, an increase in the echogenicity of the endometrium is observed, its echostructure is homogeneous. M-echo is 10-12 mm. It is five-layer due to a hyperechogenic contour visualized on the border of the mucous and muscle layers of the uterus
5. The contour between the anterior and posterior walls of the endometrium often disappears in the lutein phase. The echogenicity of the mucous layer increases compared to the echogenicity of muscle. M-eho grows, making up an average of 10 mm, a maximum of 15 mm

M-echo thickness by cycle

The table shows normal and permissible indicators of the middle echo in women with a standard 28-day cycle.

Important: if the cycle is longer, for example, 30 or 31 days, then a certain lag of increasing the thickness of the endometrium is considered normal. If shorter, then, on the contrary, M-eho grows faster

M - echo of uterus during pregnancy in the early stages

If pregnancy has occurred, the endometrium grows to a width of 20 mm or more.

Important: even if the fetal egg is not yet determined by ultrasound in the uterine cavity, by the way the endometrium has grown, the gynecologist can determine the onset of the onset

Unfortunately, this indicator may be present during pregnancy both uterine and ectopic, because the growth of the endometrium occurs due to a sharp change in the hormonal level.
The number of secretory cells and blood vessels also increases significantly, since in this early period of pregnancy their function is similar to the placental function - to provide power to the embryo.

VIDEO: Ultrasound at an early pregnancy

M echo, norm for conception

In order for the conception to occur, M-echo should be 11-13 mm, this is enough for implantation.
The endometrian layer acquires such a thickness by the 20th day of the cycle.

M echo after childbirth

After childbirth, the uterus continues to contract. A couple of days after birth, its dimensions correspond to the size of the uterus of 18-week pregnancy, after 7 days-the correspondence of a 12-week pregnancy, by the sixth week it returns to its usual parameters.

M echo endometrium: norm

They are given in the table:

M-eho uterus: norm during menopause

The indicators of the middle echo of a woman during the period of menopause differs from the age -age -old age. This is associated with hormonal imbalance.
On the ultrasound is determined:

• highly echogenic endometrium
• its homogeneous structure
• even contours

With menopause, up to 5 years, the mucous layer gradually refined to 5 mm, then decreases up to the point that it does not visualize at all.

IMPORTANT: a woman with the clicked climate is recommended to undergo an ultrasound of about once every six months in order to prevent hyperplastic processes.

M-eho does not correspond to the phase of the cycle: what is it?

The normal thickness of the endometrial layer means the possibility of the onset and development of pregnancy. Hormone therapy is recommended, because otherwise pregnancy may not occur.

Increased thickness of m-echo means the need for further studies of the state of the woman in order to avoid the development of pathological conditions.

VIDEO: What you need to know about the subtle endometrium

M-eho head for a child, adult: norm

With the help of echoenzelography, doctors examine the brain, determining its sensitivity to ultrasound. In children, this procedure is more informative, since their bones of the skull are much thinner.
Echoentzelography is performed in one -dimensional and two -dimensional modes.
Assessing with the help of M-echo the way the middle structures of the brain are displaced, doctors determine the normal or asymmetric arrangement of the parts of the brain.

VIDEO: Ultrasound of the brain for children and adults