What does a first -grader need for school? The concept of a child's readiness for school

The article contains auxiliary material for parents who prepare the child for school.

Content

Preparing a child for school is a responsible step for the whole family. After all, a school is a new stage in life, during which the child will develop mentally, physically and emotionally. It is at school that the baby will turn into a full member of society, will learn to communicate in a team.

But in order for the first year at school to be stressful, the child and his parents must thoroughly prepare. If the child visited the kindergarten, then this is a big plus.

There he mastered the basics of the necessary knowledge at school, talked with peers. But in kindergarten they cannot pay attention to everyone and everyone. Therefore, it is parents who should evaluate the training of the baby for school and help him, in the event of a lag.

Diagnostics of the child's readiness for school

Readiness for school is not measured in one indicator. Diagnostics should be carried out based on the main stages of the development of a preschooler:

Physical activity. It is necessary to observe how often the child moves and whether it can change the active kind of activity to the calm. In the modern world, parents often face the problem of hyperactivity of the child. In this case, it is difficult for the baby to concentrate and sit in one place. But at school, lessons will last a long time
And, during them, the child will not only need to sit quietly, but also concentrate on gaining knowledge. The other side of the coin is the passivity of the baby. Not active children are often touchy and difficult to get along in the team. Therefore, parents need to adequately assess physical activity and help in its normalization
Mental capacity. The school makes a number of requirements for the knowledge and skills of children who go to school. Therefore, it is necessary to determine in advance in which areas the baby is behind. And, if possible, catch up
Emotional stability. To feel comfortable at school, the child must be spitting and sociable. It is necessary to teach the baby the rules of conduct in the team, communication skills in conflict situations

Diagnosis should be carried out at least a year before the child goes to school. To have time to correct the shortcomings.

Mental indicators of the child's readiness for school

The main indicators of the child’s readiness for school are:

The ability to think and the ability to imagine. Before going to school, the child should already be able to logically answer some simple questions, analyze the proposed situation. Also, he must be able to come up with a story or a small story. There are many classes in the gaming Thomas that help to develop mental abilities
Knowledge of letters and the ability to read. Even 20 years ago, children were taken to school, "starting from scratch." Now, the situation has changed. In our information age, the pace of development of children accelerated. Therefore, according to the program, preschool children should be familiar with letters and be able to read, at least by syllables
Initial letters of writing. In order for the child to learn to write quickly and without problems, his hand must be prepared for school. He must confidently hold the pen, be able to draw geometric shapes with it
Correct speech. The ability to speak correctly, not to ban and not whisper is very important for readiness for school. Also, the baby should be able to formulate his thoughts, make logical sentences

The child’s physical readiness for school

The child’s physical readiness for school is characterized in several parameters:

Normal activity. The child should be mobile, but at the same time, be able to concentrate and calm down
Health. In the kindergarten, in front of the school, a number of examinations are carried out. They will help to identify diseases and shortcomings in physical development
The ability to control your body. This parameter means the baby's ability to coordinate his movements: hold a spoon and fork, pen, perform simple dance movements
Physical skills of a child. In the school, among general education lessons, there will also be a physical education lesson. Well, if the child is ready in advance and can easily cope with the standards

To physically prepare a child for school, you need an integrated approach. It is necessary to perform morning exercises, hardening. Also, it is necessary to develop fine motor skills of the hands: collect designers, modeling and embroidery. You should morally prepare the baby that at school he will need to focus for a long time. Even before school, you can entrust responsible tasks that require silence and concentration.

How to prepare a house for a house for school

If, for some reason, the baby does not go to kindergarten, then all the responsibility of preparing him for school to lie down on his parents. Well, if there is an opportunity to invite a specialist at home. He will help in teaching a child the knowledge necessary for the school, will give competent education tips.

You need to pay attention to the health of the child. Regularly walk with him in the fresh air, play active games. You can give the child to the sports section
Do not allow the baby's isolation. He must communicate not only with his parents, but also with his peers. Even if the child does not go to kindergarten, he can find friends in the yard or in the sports section
Conduct classes that develop thinking and imagination. For parents who are superficially familiar with preschool pedagogy, it is recommended to purchase special literature
Psychologically prepare a child for school. It is more difficult for home children to join the team. After all, most of the time they were at home, together with their parents
The comprehensive development of the child. For the development of the baby, it is not enough to attend classes. It is important to explore the world. Go to the forest, park, zoo, visit exhibitions and concerts. The child should have a real idea of \u200b\u200bthe world around him

How to prepare a child 5 years for school

There is a list of skills and knowledge that a modern child at the age of 5 years should have:

Solve simple logical problems
Be able to listen and retell
Be able to learn a children's poem
Be able to use a pen, draw geometric shapes
Have the skills of drawing and modeling
Know the letters and be able to read by syllables

How to prepare a child for school 6 years

At 6 years old, the requirements for the student are increasing. Now, he must be able to read more freely small stories. Be able to retell your own read. Also, the child should master the spelling of letters and be able to draw straight lines and correct figures.

Mathematical knowledge: Know the names of geometric shapes, know the numbers
Logically skills: be able to guess riddles, be able to find differences and similarities
Speech functions: be able to clearly express your thoughts and build proposals. To be able to tell a small story. For example, "who parents work" or "How I spent summer"
Knowledge of the world: to know the professions, the names of animals and plants.
Household skills: I must be able to dress independently, fasten the zipper, carefully fold or hang things

How to prepare a child for school: a psychologist

Here are some tips that psychologists give so that preparation for school will be harmonious:

Do not load the baby with your own negative memories of the school. No need to say: “It’s hard at school”, “at school is dangerous” or other similar negative attitudes
Determine your child’s abilities to communicate. Tell him about the need to be in a team, have friends. If necessary, seek help from a psychologist
It is not necessary that preparations for school take all free time. In this case, the child will develop rejection to gain new knowledge. Try to turn the learning process into a fun game. Make a variety in classes
Develop a child’s confidence in your abilities, encourage him. Do not compare the child with other children. Better, find the strongest sides in it. For example, no need to say "Masha reads better than you." Better say: “You draw perfectly. It would be great if you learned how to read just as well! ”
Learn the child with respect for peers and the elders. Also, teach proper behavior in society and the norms of decency

What documents are needed for school

Application for admission to school
Birth certificate and its copy
Citizenship and registration certificate
Medical card, where all vaccinations and health status are indicated
Vaccination form
A copy of the passport of one of the parents

The list you need to buy at school

Another difficulty that parents face is a list of what the baby may need before going to school. Here is a indicative list that will help to purchase everything you need:

School unit (if it is provided for by the school). If there is no standard school uniforms, then you need to buy: white blouses or shirts, black trousers or a skirt, a strict jacket, socks and tights
Sports form: tracksuit, sneakers, socks, t -shirts
Shoes for the winter and spring, light interchangeable shoes, Czechs
Office products: diary, notebooks in a cage and line, pencil case, scissors, handles and pencils, album, colored pencils and paints, plasticine, a set of colored paper and cardboard, ruler, sharpener, PVA glue.
Textbooks and auxiliary materials that the school requires
A satchel that will not deform the posture
Additional accessories: napkins, scarves and paper

Some things can be bought in advance (for example, stationery). But it is better to buy shoes and clothes before September 1. After all, children grow rapidly. During the summer period, the shape and shoes can become small.

Preparing a child for school requires an integrated approach. Despite the fact that this is a responsible stage, you do not need to escalate the situation. Let the preparation process proceed naturally and at ease. Then, the child will be with the desire to go to first grade.