Types of thyroid diseases: what are they dangerous, what consequences can be?

From this article you will learn everything about thyroid diseases. What you need to pay attention to if you are worried about certain symptoms associated with well -being or change of mood.

One of the most important roles in the human body is occupied by an endocrine system. Hormones that have been produced help in the work of all organs. It helps to rebuild the body under the accelerated rhythm of life, increasing resistance to the stresses of our body. Violation of the functions of the thyroid gland or the entire endocrine system leads to a hormonal failure, metabolic disorders. Read below information about thyroid diseases and what consequences can be with such ailments.

What is the thyroid gland for?

The thyroid gland is one of the main components of the endocrine system of the human body. In order to understand the whole significance of the thyroid gland for the body, it is necessary to clearly understand what functions it performs. What is the thyroid gland for? The main task is the development of the following hormones:

• Thyroxine (T4)
• Triidotironin (T3)
• Tireocalcitonin

It is these hormones in the body of a healthy person who are involved in many metabolic processes, thereby ensuring the interconnection of organs. So, why do you need a thyroid gland? We highlight its main functions:

• Ensuring normal metabolism, the work of internal organs, including the liver and gall bladder.
• Maintaining the optimal water-salt balance in the body.
• Ensuring normal body thermoregulation.
• Maintaining the work of cardiovascular, digestive, sexual, as well as the nervous system.
• Monitoring of human body weight (an increase in the volume of food consumed by a person provokes more intense operation of the thyroid gland).
• Maintaining mental and physical development, protecting the body from nervous strain.
• The impact on the level of a child’s intellect formed during pregnancy.
• Calcation level control in the body.

Thus, without even being a physician, it is not difficult to understand that hormones of the thyroid gland are directly involved in the work of many organs and systems of the body. Criminations in the work of the above system can lead to serious diseases. Timely diagnosis and proper treatment will help prevent irreversible consequences.

Types of thyroid diseases: what are they dangerous, what consequences can be?

One of the unpredictable types of ailments of internal organs are diseases caused by impaired hormonal glands. The thyroid gland is an important organism in our body, and the slightest failure in its work can lead to the appearance of hypothyroidism, endemic goiter and other diseases. A large number of ailments of the thyroid gland arise as a result of a deficiency of iodine compounds in the diet of people. Sometimes a certain hormonal imbalance (for example, in pregnant women) has a certain hormonal. It is also worth noting the following:

• In the production of thyroxine hormones and triiodotynin, iodine is necessary, so it accumulates it, becoming a kind of “depot”.
• Hormones with iodine content take part in the adjustment of metabolism, growth and development of organs, the development and accumulation of energy.
• The third hormone - calcitonin - regulates the exchange of calcium, strengthening the skeleton.

Below are the types of thyroid diseases. That's what they are dangerous and what the consequences can be:

• In the event of a violation of the gland and hormonal failure, a person begins to experience an increase in the pulse and heartbeat, trembling in his hands, sweating appears, fluctuations in body weight are observed, atypical manifestations of feelings appear (tearfulness, indifference).
• The hormonal failure is also accompanied by a violation of the cycle in women, intestinal disorders.
• External changes include the asymmetry of the neck when a bag -like protrusion occurs in the area of \u200b\u200bthe tub or a noticeable rounding of the neck appears.
• The skin (with autoimmune thyroiditis) may turn red, itching, burning, pain appear.
• With increased production of iodine, an excess of hormones occurs - thyrotoxicosis. There is a disorder of sleep, weight loss, weakness, dizziness, mood swings. With a neglected form of the disease, pache -eyed occurs - exophthalmos.
• If there is a decrease in iodine synthesis, then when the metabolism is slowed down, a person experiences drowsiness, a breakdown of strength, a decrease in the reaction, weight increases in a swelling form, hair can begin to fall out outside the eyebrows.

The level of hormones should be periodically checked, since their norm with a single analysis may indicate euthyroidism - a short state of equilibrium of hormones between hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. Therefore, it is better to donate blood to hormones with a break of a month.

What other diseases are the thyroid gland associated with: a list, what is the connection?

The thyroid gland requires constant attention and examination, not only so that you can monitor its health, but also to identify ailments associated with diseases of this organ. Here is a list of diseases that are related to the thyroid gland:

• Obesity
• Losing weight, exhaustion
• Disruption of the nervous system
• Violation of the cardiovascular system
• Violation in the reproductive system
• Violation of the immune system

What is the connection of completely different organs and symptoms? Violation of the gland pulls the discord of almost all body systems:

• Pancreas
• Epiphyse
• Playgrounds
• Adrenal glands
• Ovary
• The most thyroid gland

Also, the thyroid gland plays an important role in the stability of our internal environment, maintaining homeostasis.

• This body produces hormones that ensure metabolic control, deviation of hormone data from the norm and the fall of iodine.
• In some cases, increasing the level of hormones leads not only to obesity or weight loss, but also to the complete separation of the human organs and systems on the above list.

Even this entails a banal change in mood. Iron is a very important screw of our body.

Diagnosis of thyroid diseases

Unpleasant sensations in the neck, constant cough, fatigue and swelling of the extremities - all these are signs of impaired thyroid gland. Putting nails, hair loss, suggests that you need to contact an endocrinologist. It will prescribe diagnostics of thyroid diseases - tests for hormones. According to the results, what is happening in the body:

• Hormonal violation
• Inflammatory processes
• The presence of formations in the gland

It will also have to be additionally examined:

• Palpation. This is an examination by an experienced doctor. The specialist will establish the presence and nature of the goiter.
• Ultrasound. The ultrasound examination is wider. The inspection result guarantees the accuracy of the diagnosis.
• Radiation diagnostics. A comprehensive examination of the patient. The doctor prescribes radiography and computed tomography.
• Cytological diagnosis. It is carried out to patients who do not have neoplasms. It is necessary to identify malignant tumors.
• Differential diagnosis. This examination method is prescribed for an unambiguous diagnosis of the disease. This technique avoids operations.
• Biopsy of tissues. This is the diagnosis of a sample of tissues taken from the patient. The examination of the patient determines the nature of new formations in the thyroid gland, in particular, with suspicion of cancer.

The laboratory examinations of the thyroid gland will save you from many problems and help the doctor make the correct diagnosis.

Signs and symptoms of thyroid diseases: sensations, external manifestations

As mentioned above, the thyroid gland is responsible for the production of hormones, and in case of violation of the synthesis of at least one of them, a failure may occur in the body. This happens for various reasons, but it also happens that people are already born with a weak thyroid gland. Therefore, it is so important to know what signs and symptoms you should pay attention to avoid any health problems.

Here are some of the most common sensations and external manifestations:

A sharp change in weight:

• The most common reason that doctors pay attention primarily to.
• Changing weight means too low or too high the level of thyroid hormones.
• Moreover, gaining weight by changing the power mode or losing weight with fitness will not work.
• It will be possible to return the form only by involving treatment.

Confusion and uncomfortable sensations in the neck:

• One of the visible signs.
• If it is difficult to breathe, swallow, a hoarse voice appears, and there are swelling and an increase in the size of the neck, then this indicates an increase in the thyroid gland or the appearance of nodules (seals) in it.

Mood deterioration:

• Since the nervous system is directly regulated by hormones, the mood depends on their level.
• Many patients may not pay attention to this and lead a normal lifestyle, attributing everything to fatigue and stress.
• Therefore, the changes are not so easy to notice. But with the appearance of emotional excitability, anxiety, panic, apathy, tearfulness, you should see a doctor.

Brighten hair and nails:

• Hair and nails are one of the most vulnerable to hormonal disorders.
• This is easy enough to notice, since hair and nails become weak, brittle and thin. It is also possible both partial and complete hair loss.

Dry skin:

• Particular peeling manifests itself on the elbows and knees.
• This is expressed in the appearance of a rash, irritation and inflammation.

If you have any health problems, or with a thyroid gland, consult a doctor. After all, the disease is much easier to treat at an early, not yet neglected stage.

Increased thyroid gland: What is the danger of women?

An enlarged thyroid gland usually indicates a violation in its work. The most common reasons:

1. Hypothyroidism (decrease in hormone production levels).
2. Hormone hyperthyroidism (increasing hormone production).

Other reasons are a violation of the pituitary gland and the condition of the human immune system. What threatens women for women, what's the danger? An increase in the thyroid gland, depending on the cause, is accompanied by various symptoms:

• Depression
• Irritability
• Memory loss
• Muscle spasms
• Menestrus cycle failures

All this leads to disorders in the work of the whole organism. In women, this can lead to the development of serious diseases of the urine system or even infertility. Amenorrhea may develop - the lack of menstruation for six months or more. Diagnostics:

• A simple blood test can show an abnormally high or very low hormone level.
• The body to continue the vital activity and normal work of all organs is necessary for a certain amount of hormones.
• The doctor can also prescribe an ultrasound.

It is worth knowing: In the absence of treatment, symptoms accompanied by an increase in the thyroid gland, usually progress. In some cases, complications can lead to a difficult condition that threatens life.

According to statistics, heart failure and disorders in the work of the heart are the most common consequences of impaired thyroid gland. There are frequent cases when the lack of treatment of the disease leads to a coma.

Autoimmune thyroid diseases: What are dangerous?

Autoimmune thyroid diseases are dangerous in that tissue damage, degeneration, destruction of thyroid cells begins. If you do not make maximum efforts and do not start treatment, this can lead to a violation of the production of the necessary hormones and the development of complications.

• The most powerful effect occurs on the thyroid gland itself, the hormonal background of the person is disturbed.
• The body, protecting, begins to kill healthy cells, perceiving them as alien, thereby leading to their death.
• The danger of diseases is their asymptomaticity in the first stages of the disease - the onset of the disease is easy to confuse with lack of sleep or fatigue.
• Only over time will the state begin to deteriorate, manifested by hair loss, drowsiness, worsening memory, depressive condition, weakness.
• In addition, inflammation in the tissues of the thyroid gland will occur, which as a result will lead to a malfunction in the immune system.
• Antibodies will develop that destroy the thyroid cells necessary for the human body.

The special danger of autoimmune diseases is that the risk of occurrence increases due to external factors and is a genetically determined disease. The disease passes a number of stages before its recognition will occur. The worst thing that can be expected from this disease is a number of all kinds of complications, but they will appear only in the absence of adequate treatment.

Can a thyroid disease cause coughing, sore throat?

Any abnormal modifications in the thyroid gland and cough are interconnected. The presence of this sign is often explained by respiratory diseases, not taking into account the fact that the cough can be associated with an increase in the thyroid gland, which occurs due to impaired functions of this gland. Can a thyroid disease cause coughing, sore throat?

• Difficult breathing, suffocation paroxysms, dry cough-all these signs are formed due to the presence of an unhealthy thyroid gland.
• It is located in the neck - under the larynx, in front of the trachea.
• The thyroid gland consists of two parts and the configuration is like a butterfly.
• The “butterfly wings” are interconnected by a narrow isthmus located at about the middle of the middle of the trachea.

It is also important to know the following:

• In normal condition, in an adult, the weight of the thyroid gland does not exceed twenty -five grams.
• If there are anomalies in this organ, its size increases significantly.
• As a result, the thyroid gland has an effect on the trachea, which violates normal breathing, causes a sore throat and in separate episodes even a feeling of suffocation.
• This is a reflex reaction of the body to the stimulus.
• In a similar way, the human body tries to free itself from extraneous objects that disrupt the respiratory function.

Problems with the thyroid gland also clearly indicates that coughing does not disappear after a while, and the drugs used do not help get rid of this unpleasant feature.

Remember: If you do not eliminate the source of the anomaly, which provoked the growth of the gland, all the symptoms of the disease begin to intensify. Over time, the patient becomes difficult to breathe.

In addition to this increased gland, more space is needed, so difficulties arise when swallowing, and a violation of the function of the heart is also noted.

Features of the treatment of thyroid diseases: what to look for?

In the treatment of the thyroid gland, therapy is carried out in three directions:

1. Normalization of the level of hormones
2. Treatment of symptoms of the disease
3. Elimination of the causes of the disease

Features of the treatment of thyroid diseases depend on the type of pathology. It is necessary to pay attention to this during treatment. This is what pathological states of the thyroid gland can be:

• Thyrotoxicosis - Excessive production of thyroid hormones.
• Hypoteriosis - insufficient number of hormones.
• Eutirosis - The hormones produced by the thyroid gland are normal, but the structure of the gland tissue begins to change, and the iron increases in size.

Terotoxicosis treatment:

• Medication. The use of drugs that inhibit the production of hormones, such as mercasolil and tyrosol. Treatment is carried out for a long time and with the constant control of the level of hormones in the blood.
• Radioid therapy. The essence of this method is the use of drugs that contain radioactive iodine absorbed exclusively by thyroid cells. Radioactive exposure kills all unnecessary, including atypical thyroid cells in a few weeks.

Treatment of hypothyroidism:

• Hormonal therapy that has been used all your life.
• Prescribe drugs that contain Tyroskin (T4), they are identical to the hormone T4 of the human body.

Operational methods of treatment necessary when diagnosing the patient:

• Abuse of the goiter into a malignant tumor
• The progression of the growth of the goiter
• Squeezing the neck

With surgical intervention, part of the thyroid gland is removed. If the patient further develops postoperative hypothyroidism, he is prescribed to take drugs containing thyroid hormones. They need to be taken throughout life.

Video: thyroid gland: symptoms of diseases, treatment, nutrition | Dr. Myasnikov