Margaritas - perennial flowers: landing and care in open ground, transplantation, propagation of the bush. Margarita flowers: varieties, description of how they look, legends and beliefs

Margarita Flower, which is composed of legends. Many gardeners have long and successfully grow it in their flower beds. To date, more than 80 honeycombs of Margarita are known. These flowers have the entire spectrum of colors. Therefore, they are very loved by landscape designers. With the help of margaritians, you can create very beautiful compositions.

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Margarita flowers: varieties, description, what do they look like?

Margaritians belong to the Astrov family. The birthplace of this plant is Australia, Europe and America. Almost all modern species of these colors descended from one species of Margarita many years.

In garden margaritas, a basal socket is formed in the first year. In the second year, peduncles appear, which reach a height of 20-30 cm. Beautiful inflorescences-baskets appear on each peduncle. The number of such inflorescences on one plant can reach 25-30 pieces.

Gardeners use about 30 types of daisies. There are early and late varieties. In addition, daisies can have inflorescences of different forms and sizes. Terry varieties of margaritians are special love of flower growers.

The most popular varietal series are:

"Rominette). The early form of margaritians. Large densely inflorescences appear one of the first in the garden. Such daisies can be planted in flower beds and borders. With group landing from such daisies, you can create a beautiful thick carpet. They are used in container landscaping.

This type of daisy can be painted in one of four colors.

"Habaner" (Habanera). Another very popular type of terry margaritians. In this flower, lancet baskets with a diameter of 6 cm. The most beautiful margaritic of this species is painted in white with a red tip "White Visa Red".

Such a variety of daisies look great next to fern and stunted coniferous plants. Margaritas “White Viz ed” are combined with early tulips, forget -me -nots and some varieties of hyacinths.

TASSO (TASSO). Unlike previous episodes, Margaritas of this species have pompomed baskets. Margaritas of the TASSO species usually bloom early and have compact dimensions. Most varieties of this species can be used as carpet plants.

There are red, pink and white varieties of TASSO. They prefer sunny open places, but in hot times, direct sunlight can oppress the plant. With proper preparation, winter cold tolerates well.

Robella (Robella). A variety that was bred not so long ago. Margaritas of this variety have salmon-pink terry baskets from rolled flowers. They rarely reach a height of 15 cm. This variety was awarded the highest award of the international organization of decorative floriculture.

The Margarita "Robella" will look beautiful in vazons, on a rocky hill and the front planets of the mixborder. This variety of margaritians can be combined with tulips, forget -me -nots, daffodils and lines.

Also, Russian flower growers have a popular variety "Pomponett". It is distinguished by onion -shaped colors.

The Margaritians "Etna" are orange middle and dark purple petals

Variety "Shnebel" It is known for the fact that up to 20 large pompom flowers are formed on one bush.

The most popular early variety of margaritians is "Rose Gianta". And late "Beethoven". For container maintenance or room distillation, margaritians of varieties are suitable "Dresden rank" and "Ze Pearl".

Margarita flowers: legends and beliefs

The word "Margarita" is formed from the word "Margarites". What is translated from Greek means "pearl." According to one legends, the little virgin Mary loved to look at the sky in the evenings. She wanted the stars to become flowers with whom she could play. The stars flashed in droplets of dew that appeared like a pearl. And the next day, beautiful flowers appeared on the site of the dew drops - Margarita.

In Russian traditions, this flower and pearls are also mentioned. The legend of Sadko says that when he went ashore, his wife Lubava rushed to his lover and scattered a pearl necklace. In the places where the pearls fell appeared Margaritians.

Margarita is sung by many poets. Shakespeare spoke about this flower "Her white robe depicts naivety." Pliny called this flower Bellis "beautiful". It is this word that today is called the genus of this flower.

Margaritas are revered throughout Europe. In France, it is customary to give these flowers a week before Easter (an analogue of our Palm Sunday). Margaritas decorate the windows of houses, gardens and parks. It is a pity, but today these beautiful flowers are gradually replaced by tulips, daffodils and hyacinths.

Margaritas in England are very popular. Songs and legends are devoted to them. With their help, girls guess, tearing the petals of the Margarita "Love-Loves." In German culture, due to this, Margaritians are called "Measure Love". And the boys, for the quick onset of spring, should step on 12 forget -me -nots.

Medieval knights, who received consent to marriage from their beloved, placed the image of this flower on their shields. Most likely this legend is associated with Countess Margarita, who gave Count Orlando before sending this flower to the crusade. The count fell in battle, but his friends brought the flower of his lover. He was painted with the blood of Count Orlando. Margarita planted the seeds of this flower in memory of her beloved.

Since the Margaritians are the first to dissolve the buds in the garden, they are also called "Eye of the day" (Ang. Day’s Eye). The British reduce the name of margaritians to Daisy (Desi).

There is another legend associated with this flower. One rich old man fell in love with a beautiful, but young girl. Her poor parents were not averse to giving her daughter to marry a rich old man. But, the girl did not want this and ran away. And in order not to be found, she asked the earth to hide it. The earth turned a girl into a margarita that blooms all year round.

At the beginning of the 20th century, in Europe, with the help of Margaritas, they collected money to combat tuberculosis. For the first time, this experience was gained in Sweden, where these popular flowers were sold, and the proceeds were transferred to hospitals. Later, other European countries joined this. In Moscow, such an action was made in 1910. 150 thousand rubles were made out on the sale of Margaritoks. Russian newspapers were full of headlines that the inhabitants of Muscovites "threw death with flowers."

Surprisingly, with such a love for Margaritas, these flowers had a black strip. In 1739, in Germany they were called poisonous and called for extermination. But, the Margaritians survived and delight us today with their magnificent beauty.

Margaritas annual or perennial?

In a wild form, Margarita is a perennial plant. But, flower growers grow this plant as biennial. The fact is that already in the third year, margaritians disappear variety differences, and buds become small.

When to plant Margaritians: pompom, capture, little favorite, African, terry seeds for seedlings?

Since most often gardeners use biennial varieties of margaritians, the flowers sown in open ground will bloom only a year later. But, for those who want to enjoy the flowering of margaritians earlier, they are best planted in open ground with seedlings.

Margaritoks are planted in special boxes or pots for seedlings. You can plant them in late January - early March. The sooner this is, the better. But, since the seedlings of these flowers are required, it is advisable to increase daylight hours using artificial lighting. Especially if you are planting Margaritas in January-February.

When the air temperature warms up to 15 degrees during the day, seedlings can already be taken out onto the balcony, so that the shoots can “prepare” for landing in open ground.

When to sow daisies in open ground?

Margaritas are rather unpretentious plants. They feel good on the basis of any composition. The exception can be only soils that have excessive acidity and alkalinity. For daisies, the sunny section of the garden is best suited. These flowers, blocked by shrubs or trees, feel worse than those that get more light.

It is also important that the soil has high -quality drainage. After cleaning the earth from garbage, pebbles and roots of plants. Today you can buy ordinary Margaritok seeds or the so -called dragered. Such seeds are specially covered with a shell that contains nutrients and protect the seeds from pests.

If you plant dragered Margaritok seeds, then it is very important to often water the site on which such seeds are sown. Water will gradually dissolve the shell and the sprout will rise faster.

Ordinary seeds are best planted in open ground in March. When the soil warms up to the desired temperature (15–20 ° C). It is best to scatter seeds evenly around the site and sprinkle with a small layer of sand or peat. If you put the daisies in the holes, that is, the risk of planting them at a large depth for these colors. This will not only increase the time of seedlings, but can also lead to the death of the plant.

The place of landing of margaritians must be covered with a film to create the "greenhouse effect". Remove the film after 2-3 days. The soil must not be allowed. With proper care, planted in this way, appear after 1.5-2 weeks.

What do Margarita seedlings look like?

The seedlings of margaritians are fundamentally do not differ from the seedlings of other colors. First, two false leaflets appear, and then the rest.

When to dive margaritians?

The pickup of margaritians is carried out with the appearance of the first real leaf. For this, the strongest seedlings are left. The distance between them is left 5 cm. If the Margaritas are planted in open ground, then it is best to form ranks from them with a distance of 10 cm from each other.

Margarita care in open ground

Margaritas are unpretentious in leaving. They more like a moisture in the soil than its drawback. It is advisable to periodically loosen the soil between the bushes and water 0.5 liters of water for each plant. If the soil in which they grow dry, then when flowering, the diameter of margaritians can become less than usual. Also, the lack of moisture can affect the terry. It can disappear.

For good growth and stormy flowering of Margarita, it is advisable to feed. You can use the following solution: nitrofosk (2 tbsp. Spoons), fertilizer "agricultural fantasia" (2 tbsp. Spoons) and water (10 liters). Under each bush you need 1 liter of such fertilizer. A solution of poultry or mullein also helps well.

As for the diseases of the margaritians, these flowers are subjected to them less often than other plants. The greatest danger to the Margaritors are caterpillars and slugs. You can fight with a solution "HOM" with them.

Margaritas can also be prone to gray rot, powdery mildew or rust. At the first signs of these diseases, flowers must be treated with Topaz.

In winter, so that low temperatures do not lead to freezing of the bushes of margaritians, they need to be sprinkled with peat, foliage, humus or snow.

When to transplant margaritians?

They transplant these flowers in the second year after their landing. They tolerate this procedure very well even during the flowering period. When transplanting margaritians, it is necessary to withstand a distance of 15-20 cm between the bushes.

Reproduction of margaritians by dividing the bush

The process of dividing the bush is best carried out in late July, in early August. For this, two-year-old bushes are dug up and divide them into 5-6 parts. At the same time, flowers, buds and damaged leaves must be removed, and the roots are slightly shortened.

New bushes of margaritians need to be planted in pre -prepared holes, sprinkled with earth and watered abundantly. If necessary, it is necessary to fill in the land. Under favorable weather conditions, Margaritas will be well undergone separation and transplant.

Codes bloom and how long do margaritians bloom?

Depending on the variety and climate of Margaritas, they can bloom from April to November. Most species of this flower bloom abundantly in late spring and early summer. And in the hottest month of July, their flowering is suspended and resumed in August.

In order to stimulate margarita on the formation of more buds, faded baskets should be removed.

How to grow daisy on the windowsill, on the balcony in the pot?

You can grow daisies at home. The easiest way to do this is, dug a bush of these flowers from your garden and putting it in a large pot. This is best done in the fall, when the average temperature of the day drop to +8 degrees.

Prepare a kidney favorable for this flower. It should be loose and fertile. Add humus and sand to such Earth. A pot with a transplanted plant must be put near the window. Then the daisies will receive the amount of light and bloom in December.

If you plant the daisies in pots of seeds, they will begin to bloom only next year. The best time to plant seeds of this flower is March-April. Pots or boxes with seedlings need to be put on a sunny window and watered moderately.

When the seedlings appear in the first real leaves, it can be planted on separate pots or transplanted into containers in several seedlings. When the rosettes of margaritians appear can be grown like the rest of the home flowers.

In order for the next year, the Margaritians bloom abundantly in November to place in a cool place and reduce watering to a minimum. At the end of February, plants are again placed on the windowsill and begin to water in normal mode.

For a flower garden, broken on the balcony, it is best to choose special containers under margaritians, which are sold in household stores. And in order not to waste time watering these plants, you can buy and install special automatic land moisturizing systems.

Margarita cultivation: tips and reviews

Natalia. Very beautiful flowers. But, they need constant watering. Their root system is almost on the surface and when the earth is drying out the roots can be damaged. Yes, and such a location of the roots does not give them the opportunity to endure arid days. In the country we are only on the weekend. Somehow we left and forgot to pour. There was a dry week and our Margaritians dried up.

Svetlana. Very beautiful flowers. But, I heard that they are also very useful. On their basis, you can make decoctions that help with bronchitis and kidney disease.