Edible and inedible rows: description, main differences.
Content
- Mushrooms of the rowpotes are edible and poisonous: how to distinguish?
- Rowls mushrooms-purple, earthy, scaly, tiger, green greenfin, smoky, soap, red, brown, sulfuric, grown, golden, poplan, pigeon, ordinary green-yellow, mouse, shod: description, photo
- Conditionally sedimentary mushrooms of a row
- Edible mushrooms of a row
- Poisonous mushrooms of a row
- Inedible mushrooms of a row
Rowls belong to the mushrooms of mushrooms. A distinctive feature is: hats of different colors having a scaly or fibrous surface, a dense leg, a very strong mushroom aroma.
There are about a hundred types of rides that are divided into edible and inedible. Their ratio in nature is approximately the same, so before proceeding with the collection of this type of mushrooms it is necessary to study their features and distinctive features.
Mushrooms of the rowpotes are edible and poisonous: how to distinguish?
The most common edible:
- May
- Purple
- Gray
- Brief
- Topol
- Red
- Yellow
- Green
- Earth
Poisonous:
- Brown
- White
- Leopard
They can be distinguished by the general appearance, sometimes by pungent odor. But very often it is difficult to highlight the real individual among the twins of the whores.
What the types of rides vary from each other, and what features are characteristic of them, we will consider below.
Rowls mushrooms-purple, earthy, scaly, tiger, green greenfin, smoky, soap, red, brown, sulfuric, grown, golden, poplan, pigeon, ordinary green-yellow, mouse, shod: description, photo
Conditionally sedimentary mushrooms of a row
- Purple (Lepista nuda)
| Hat | Leg | Plates | Smell | Pulp | Places of growth |
|
Hemispherical, as it grows, takes a convex or concave look Diameter up to 20 cm The color is bright purple, fades with age, becomes brownish or yellowish-brown |
Dense Height-4-10 cm Width - 3 cm In the upper part it is shrouded in light flakes |
Thin Up to 1 cm thick |
Natural mushroom |
Dense Light purple, yellow with age The taste resembles anis |
On fertile soil In coniferous and mixed forests, both one by one and a heap |
- Scaly or sweetheart (Tricholoma Imbricatum)
| Hat | Leg | Plates | Smell | Pulp | Places of growth |
|
Convex Dark brown Velvety Scaly From 3 to 10 cm in diameter First cone-shaped, then acquires a flat-convex shape, with a tubercle |
Bulavoid 4 to 10 cm in length Fibrous Below brown, in the center pinkish or yellow, under the halt hat |
White or cream | Light fruit |
White or light beige With powdery taste and light bitterness |
In coniferous and mixed forests of the moderate zone |
- Greenfinch(Tricholoma Equestre, Tricholoma Flavovirens)
| Hat | Leg | Plates | Smell | Pulp | Places Growth |
|
Fleshy Diameter Young convex, The skin is smooth, Green yellow |
Even Yellowish Length from Slightly At the base |
Thin Frequent Lemon |
Flour | White, with age The yellow -shaped is weakly expressed |
In dry coniferous forests with a predominance Sosnypo all moderate zone of the northern hemisphere |
- Gray, smoky row (clitocybe nebularis)
| Hat | Leg | Plates | Smell | Pulp | Places of growth |
|
Voluminous 5 to 14 cm Holding The edges are bent With time Color from gray or smoky gray to ash with brownish tint Darkens from the rain Matte skin, with velvety raid |
Cylindrical Expanded at the root system, narrowed upward 3 up to 10 cm in height Diameter-1.5-4 cm |
Frequent, even First whitish, later pale cream Slightly fall on the leg |
Floral |
Porous White Fleshy Brown The coloring color does not change |
In moderate climatic climate -stack, hybrid forests Next to the lobby Love edges and clearings Near clearings and paths |
- Yellow-red or honey agaric(Tricholomopsis Rutilans)
| Hat | Leg | Plates | Smell | Pulp | Places of growth |
|
Purple-red or reddish-yellow Size up to 15 cm. Matte Velvety Covered with scales Rounded by young individuals In adult mushrooms - outstretched |
Cylindrical Reddish-yellow Straight or curved Up to 4-10 cm in height Thickness from 1 to 2.5 cm Has a thickening at the base Color corresponds to the color of the hat, but with lighter scales |
Bright yellow Wavy |
Sourish |
Fat Fleshy Dense Bright yellow Bitter tastes |
In pine Leshekhpni Roots Dead wood |
- Topolev - sandstone(Tricholoma populinum)
| Hat | Leg | Plates | Smell | Pulp | Places of growth |
|
Convex As it matures, By old age is pressed Diameter up to 18 cm. The edges are uneven, wavy slightly Yellow-brown or gray-brown |
Cylindrical shape Fibrous and flat Length from 3 to 12 cm Diameter from 1 to 4 cm |
White with pale pink tint As they ripen, they get a red-brown color with red |
Has not |
Fleshy Fat White Sweet |
From the south of Russia to the Far Eastern and Eastern Europe middle Asia North America Canada
|
Edible mushrooms of a row
- Earth(Tricholoma terreum)
| Hat | Leg | Plates | Smell | Pulp | Places of growth |
|
Conical shape, as it grows, changes to flat with a protruding tubercle Gray-brown Diameter 15 cm |
White or pinkish Dense Height - 10 cm Width - 2 cm Expanded at the base |
Rare Uneven White or grayish tone |
Lightly powdery |
Hard Fibrous Tasteless |
Near the pine: in the European territory of Russia, in Siberia, in the Caucasus |
- Brief (Lyophyllum Decastes)
| Hat | Leg | Plates | Smell | Pulp | Places of growth |
|
Fleshy Large Brown Up to 15 cm in diameter Rounded, with a converted edge The skin is smooth, sometimes scaly Adhesive to the touch |
Height 10 cm Thickness 2 cm Straight, expanded to the top Pinkish-cream or whitish color |
Frequent Fleshy Even Grayish or with yellowness When cutting, they are drilling |
Light flower |
Elastic Fibrous The color is light brown Pleasant to taste |
Throughout the moderate climatic zone: in forests parks gardens in the meadows along the roads on the edges |
- A row is golden (Tricholoma auratum)
| Hat | Leg | Plates | Smell | Pulp | Places of growth |
|
from 6 to 10 cm in diameter Convex with wrapped edges It straightens with age, a tubercle appears in the center Orange-yellow color, in the middle the tone is darker |
Coated with reddish-orange scales Selects droplets of juice |
Rare Thin White |
Weak flour |
Dice White Bitter to taste |
The territory of the temperate belt of the Northern Hemisphere: in coniferous and mixed forests |
- Golubny(Tricholoma columbetta)
| Hat | Leg | Plates | Smell | Pulp | Places of growth |
|
Fleshy Diameter twelve cm Hemispherical, with the growth of the mushroom reveals, the ends bend down Covered with gray-white scales |
High Powerful Fibrous Dense |
Thin Frequent |
Peculiar, pleasant |
Fat Solid On the cut The taste is weakly expressed |
In the forests of a mixed type: next to the oak and birch |
- Yellow-green-Zelenushka(Tricholoma Flavovirens Lund)
| Hat | Leg | Plates | Smell | Pulp | Places of growth |
|
The color is greenish-yellow, in the middle of the yellow-brown Covered in small scales |
Dense Yellow Thin With scales Height 8-10 cm When the break is broken down in the longitudinal directional direction |
Gray-yellow Wide |
Flour |
White Dense |
On the southern coast of Finland |
- Row -shod Matsuake(Tricholoma matsutake)
| Hat | Leg | Plates | Smell | Pulp | Places of growth |
|
Silky With a diameter of 6 to 20 cm. Brown color In old mushrooms, the surface is cracking |
Length from 5 to 20 cm Thickness 1.5-2.5 cm Tightly fixed in the soil Tilted to the ground At the top is white, brown from below A captive skirt is located under the hat |
Light | Space-honeycomb smell |
White The taste is delicious |
In coniferous forests under the pine tree: Japan China Korea Sweden Finland North America Russia (Ural, Siberia, Far East) |
Poisonous mushrooms of a row
- Tiger or leopard (Tricholoma Pardinum) is a rarely encountered poisonous and toxic individual, which is easy to confuse with the Earthly Range Tricholoma Terreum. Unlike Zemlyasta, it does not have a flour flavor and aroma, and its plates are white or mouse.
| Hat | Leg | Plates | Smell | Pulp | Places of growth |
|
Width 4-12 cm Looks like a ball, as it grows, it takes the appearance of a bell By old age it becomes flat It has dirty white, grayish or black-gray flakes
|
4 to 15 cm long Straight White with a weak shade of ocher |
Wide Fleshy Very rare Slightly lean or greenish Adult leg emits moisture droplets |
Fragrant mushroom |
Gray There is no bitterness The taste is pleasant |
On the edges of coniferous and deciduous forests throughout the moderate climatic zone |
- Sulfur-yellow (Tricholoma Sulphureum)-weakly ivagid, low toxic. Causes mild poisoning.
| Hat | Leg | Plates | Smell | Pulp | Places of growth |
|
Velvety From 3 to 8 cm in diameter First convex, then flat with a small Gray-yellow, over time rusty-brown |
Height from 3 to 11 cm Expands to the bottom or to the top At the base is strewn with dark scales |
Rare The edges are uneven |
Hydrogen sulfide, tar or acetylene | Unpleasant bitter taste |
In deciduous and mixed forests throughout European territory, next to the oak and beech |
- Mouse pointed (Tricholoma virgatum) - little toxic.
| Hat | Leg | Plates | Smell | Pulp | Places of growth |
|
With a diameter of 3-5 cm First cone -shaped, then flat Dark gray |
Long Thin 5 to 15 cm in length Flat or extended White, closer to the ground yellow or pinkish |
Frequent Uneven White or grayish Glated mushrooms have yellow spots |
Has not |
Fibrous Dense White Has a spicy caustic taste |
Near pine, spruce trees, larch in the forests of the moderate zone |
Inedible mushrooms of a row
- Soapy (Tricholoma saponaceum, Agaricus saponaceus)
Easy to confuse with edible views:
- Brown. They are similar in appearance and color. Distinguished by aroma: the original has the smell of mushrooms, the filthy - natural soap. In addition, brown individuals have distinctive smoky spots at the top.
- Darkened. Differences are difficult to determine.
- Separate, strewn with pronounced brown veins, which are absent in the species in question.
| Hat | Leg | Plates | Smell | Pulp | Places of growth |
|
Smooth Naked Olive-green The form is initially conical, then flat-condensed with the emerging Diameter 5-11 cm Oily surface after rain |
Dairy or cream-turquoise color Straight Cylindrical Sometimes takes the shape of a tuber down Packed with mouse -colored scales Average height 6-7 cm 1.5-2.8 cm in diameter Closer to the roots of a pinkish tone |
Rare Yellowish-green Old mushrooms are sometimes covered with lilac spots They blush on a break |
Unpleasant - f crimean-molnth |
Dense White or yellowish It blushes on the cut Bitter |
In any forest On various soil Near: buka if oak pines |
- Brown
| Hat | Leg | Plates | Smell | Pulp | Places of growth |
|
Saturated brown with a red tint Open |
Initially white, stains blushing with age |
Wide Frequent |
Unpleasant
|
Dense White |
In a pine forest |
Poisonous mushrooms of a row: white
The row is white (Tricholoma album)
- Grows up to 8 cm in height
- The hat, as it grows, the mushroom of convex turns into a spread, with a thick corrugated edge. It has white or milk
- Gleb is fibrous, during fault, white will instantly pink
- The leg is long, closer to the base thickened, dense, white
- Plates are wide, winding and frequent
- Grows among deciduous trees, mainly in birches
- No edible doubles were found. Sometimes confused with champignons
- You can distinguish from edible rides by the inherent sharp aroma of radish, caustic taste and snow -white color of the entire mushroom
Microbiologists attribute this row to slightly toxic species.
Row is gray edible and poisonous: how to distinguish?
Gray row (Tricholoma Portentosum) is an edible look.
Hat:
- Fleshy
- With a diameter of 4-12 cm
- At first rounded, and over time acquires flat and uneven, with a flattened hill in the middle
- Flat skin of old mushrooms bursts
- Mouse or dark gray color, occasionally with a greenish or lilac plaque
Leg:
- Smooth
- 4 to 15 cm high
- Wide at the base
- Under the head is covered with powdery bloom, as it grows, it turns into a half
- Color-white with a grayish-yellow shade
Plates:
- Wide
- Rare
- At first - white, gradually turn yellow or gray
Pulp:
- Glaps on the cut
- It has a characteristic, slightly pronounced, migratory taste and a slight aroma.
Grows:
- In pine forests throughout the moderate zone, from September to November
Very similar to sulfur:
- A row is pointed (poisonous). Differs from a gray with a thiner hat with a highlighting convex bump in the middle
- A row is inedible soap (tricholoma). In contrast to edible, her hat is not painted in brown radially diverging fabrics. The pungent smell of soap of an inedible row, will also not allow it to confuse it with the one that can be eaten.
Video: mushroom-two or false. How to recognize the rows of gray, cockerels?
Despite the fact that from the row, beautiful winter blanks and other delicious dishes are obtained, not all lover of mushroom pickers collect them for processing.
The main reason for this is two negative factors:
- A large assortment of edible and inedible divisions requires special vigilance when collecting. Since there is a risk of poisoning with an error.
- They should be collected only in environmentally unrestrained places - these mushrooms can quickly absorb harmful substances. Nowadays, finding such a place is a big problem.
Video: May row (Calocybe Gambosa) - edible spring mushroom
Sweet and poisonous were attributed to the edible.