Mushrooms of the loads: varieties, description, photographs. How to distinguish a real edible load from false? What do real and false loads look like, where, in which forest do they grow, when to collect them, how to process them after collecting?

Dedicated to all mushroom pickers and lovers of delicious snacks. In this material, we will study in detail information about the mushrooms of cooles. It will be interesting.

Masters: types, benefits

The load is considered a real Russian mushroom. In Western, Eastern and southern countries, they are not even known about them.

In our region, these mushrooms were able to firmly enter the consciousness of every person. They are considered the most remarkable forest gift, and therefore won the hearts of our compatriots.

In many regions of Russia, for example, in Siberia, these mushrooms have been one of the types of industrial mushrooms for a long period of time. Ideal food properties together with wide fruiting - that is why they are in demand in people.

The main purpose of the mushroom is a load - salting. Other dishes must be prepared from salty fees. But for frying, extinguishing and other similar preparation methods, mushrooms are not suitable.

There is so much protein that it can easily replace the meat. The mushroom is particularly benefit that it is used to create drugs fighting tuberculosis. After all, the components of the mushroom are able to neutralize the dangerous stick of Koch. Next, we will consider in detail the types of mushrooms.

Eat mushrooms are edible - yellow, black, white, pepper, wet, poplar, aspen, red, parchment, bluish, oak: varieties, description, photographs

There is a very large assortment of loaders. Let us consider in more detail the most popular of them:

Bitter

• The mushroom hat has a size in a diameter of about 12 cm. It itself is flat, convex, eventually becomes funnel, fleshy, dry, red-brown, matte.
• The hat of mature mushrooms is dark red or red-brown. Some species have light circles on the hat.

• The pulp of the mushroom is thin, has the aroma of tarry wood. The juice is burning, caustic, white, quite abundant. When the mushroom begins to grow old, it is covered with a white raid.
• The mushroom leg is 10 cm, not more than 2 cm thick. Young mushrooms have a whitish surface, the old ones are pink or rusty red.

Moose marsh

• Swamp species are considered plate. Masters grow on the ground in a heap, in small groups. The mushroom itself easily breaks and is very fragile.
• The marsh rush is found almost everywhere, loves wet areas, lowlands. The mushroom season begins from the beginning of summer and ends in November. However, August or September is considered the most peak season.

• The mushroom has a hat in size 5 cm, outstretched in shape, in some cases the hat looks like a funnel. In the central part there is a sharp tubercle. The hat can have a reddish, red-brown, brick color.
• The leg of the mushroom is quite dense, below is covered with a fluff. The color is the same as the color of the hat, sometimes a little lighter.

The load of oak

• This species is considered plate. The mushroom plates are wide, have a whitish-pink or reddish-orange color.

• The mushroom hat is wide, in the form of a funnel. The leg is dense, even at the bottom, narrowed.
• The juice is acute, white. It is amazing that he, in contact with the air, does not change in color at all.

The load is yellow

• The mushroom hat has a size in diameter up to 10 cm in the form of a rounded funnel with a slightly wrapped edge
• The color of the yellow coarse is golden-yellow. The pulp has a white color, which turns yellow after contact

• Snow juice, after contact with air, changes the shade to a grayish yellow
• The leg of the mushroom is shortened, thick, up to 9 cm long and up to 4 cm wide

Aspen Road

• The mushroom hat in diameter is from 6 cm to 30 cm. It is flat, convex or slightly pressed in the central part.
• The skin is white or covered with small spots of pink. Sometimes there are individuals who have a small fluff on the surface of the hat.

• The pulp of the mushroom is white, breaks well, gives the smell a little with fruits, to the taste of acute.
• A leg up to 8 cm long, strong, white or pink.

Parchment mushroom

• The hat can have a size of 10 cm. Flat and slightly convex, eventually becomes in the form of a funnel. White, after a while it turns yellow

• The surface of the hat is wrinkled or smooth
• The flesh of the mushroom is snow -white, bitter. The leg is elongated, white, narrow below

Perechny Road

• A hat in diameter up to 18 cm, a little convex. It becomes funnel -to
• The surface is creamy, white, matte. Often covered with red spots and cracks in the center

• The pulp of the mushroom is white, breaks well
• After the cut, the sticky and very thick milky juice of white color, which changes to greenish

Sisovable groove

• This species has a fairly dense pulp, in which an unusual milky juice stands out in the context. This juice is caustic and burning. After contact with the air, it turns

• The hat is flat, pressed in the center, dry, smooth, sometimes shaggy
• The leg has a length of up to 9 cm. From below, narrow, dense

The load is black

• The hat is very large, sometimes in diameter reaches 20 cm. In the central part of the pressed
• In wet weather, the hat is covered with mucus and becomes adhesive

• The leg can grow up to 8 cm in width up to 3 cm
• The shade of the hat is constantly changing, starting with olive and ending with brown

Poplar Moor

• This mushroom is not common. As a rule, the mushroom grows in a poplar, aspen forest

• The hat reaches a diameter of 20 cm, flat, convex, has a bent down the edge
• The mushroom leg is short, dense, pink or white

Real Moor

• It is also called white, wet
• The mushroom hat is large, up to 20 cm in diameter
• The young load has a white hat, round and convex

• Over time, the hat at the mushroom becomes in the form of a funnel
• The pulp is snow -white, fleshy, has a specific smell
• The leg of the mushroom is strong, even up to 5 cm in length and up to 3 cm in width

Red Road

• This mushroom has a reddish-brown color
• The diameter of the hat can reach up to 20 cm
• The surface of the hat is matte, light brown
• Very rarely bright orange or red

• In raw weather, the surface of the mushroom is covered with mucus, so it becomes sticky
• The pulp is brittle, it can be white or reddish. The mushroom, which recently cut off, has the aroma of boiled crabs or gives it with herring.

In nature, other loads are still found, but they are more rare. But there are a lot of types of mushrooms.

White and black loads: benefits and harms

Many claim that mushrooms are either edible or toxic. However, there are still conditional-edible. This category includes black Masters.

Professional mushroom pickers, of course, know about it. But, and beginners are not known. This type of mushrooms is called conditional and survey, since its composition contains poison.

If a black rush is just frying in a pan, then this poison will not disappear. As a result, you can get severe poisoning or even die.

Such mushrooms must be thoroughly washed out, and after that, cook for 3 hours already. Only in this version will the entire poison disappear.

The white load brings the human body both harm and benefit. It all depends on how well prepared the mushroom.

Where, in which forest are the mushrooms grow?

There are situations that there will be many mushrooms in one forest, in the other there is very little or only poisonous. The faithful selection of forests is a huge success in the fact that they will be found. If you decide to go for coarse, pay attention to our recommendations:

• The forest should not be young or old. After all, mushrooms have not yet appeared in very young, and the old forest was very overgrown.
• Around each tree, low grass should grow. As a rule, mushrooms are practically not found in high grass.

• Choose the forest that is very moisturized or try to go in the morning when the dew fell out.
• In good areas, the smell of mushrooms is felt. In the place where you want to find mushrooms, as a rule, there is a mushroom smell and a humid aroma.

When to collect mushrooms of the loads?

If you decide to go in search of a mushroom of a load, then you should take into account the following: as a rule, this mushroom grows in the lowland, because they do not like dry soil. If in the forest where you go, sandy or dry soil prevails, then you may not look for loads there.

Now we will figure out when exactly it is necessary to collect these mushrooms. It all depends on their variety:

• Seek oak rush or aspen at the end of July and until the end of September
• A blue load is better to look for closer to August and until the end of this month
• Yellow load and pepper can start collecting from mid -summer until the end of August
• If you want to find a black look, then go to the forest in July. They will grow there until September

Of course, the terms that we offered you are considered only conditional. Remember that when you collect these mushrooms, make sure that the forest is quite wet. Since the loads do not grow in dry soil.

In addition, look at local vegetation. If you notice horsetail, then in this area you will not find mushrooms. This plant is considered the first sign that the soil in this forest is acidic. But such a soil does not like such a rush.

Are there false loads, poisonous, how do they look, how to distinguish from real ones?

Among the large assortment of edible species of mushrooms, it is precisely to the cooles that one of the first places is allocated. There is no such mushroom picked that will bypass this mushroom, since it differs with fairly bright and nutritious taste.

It's a pity, but you can often meet false mushrooms of Skrips, which have a number of distinguishing features. In addition, a papillary load can get into the basket. It can cause a sufficiently serious poisoning.

If you want to understand what kind of appearance such a mushroom has, you need to see the present real. You also need to get acquainted with the main distinguishing features, compare these signs with the appearance of false mushrooms.

• The initial appearance of the edible mushroom hat is such - the hat is convex, has wrapped edges. Over time, the hat becomes a different shape. She has the edges of it, the shape of the funnel in the central part is obtained.
• The edible mushroom hat is wet, quite dense. It may have white or cream color. As a rule, it is covered with twigs, dirt, mucus.
• Escaping mushrooms of white color, with yellowish edges. The edges themselves are wide or loose enough. If you take a false mushroom, then it has dense, gesture and thick plates that look unnatural. Often, it is thanks to the plates that you can distinguish a real load from the poisonous.
• A real load has a large amount of milky juice.
• The edible mushroom is only white.

A load is a mushroom with a large number of false twins. But many of these mushrooms are considered conditional and survey, since in terms of certain characteristics they are similar to the real ones.

What is the poisonous mushroom can be confused with the sink?

A militant, having a gray-pink color, is very similar to the white move. It cannot be consumed in food, since it is considered deadly for the human body.

This mushroom has a hat up to 12 cm wide, dense, fleshy, convex or flat -stripped in the form of a funnel. From the very beginning, the hat at the mushroom has bent edges, which over time fall, dry, are covered with small scales. When the mushroom is aging, his hat is exposed, becomes red, pink or pink-brown, and after drying the hat, blurry spots appear.

The leg of the loiner is dense, up to 8 cm long and up to 4 cm wide. The form in the form of a cylinder. The pulp of the mushroom is yellow with a red tint. Below the leg is painted in a reddish-brown color. The millet grows from mid -summer to mid -autumn.

Mushrooms similar to black and white loads: description, photo

There are a large number of mushrooms, which in appearance resemble mushrooms.

White wave:

• People call this mushroom a whitish. The waves in appearance are very similar to the loads.
• Mushrooms have a hat in the form of a funnel, the diameter of which is approximately 9 cm.
• The hat has a bent of the edge. Young waves of white color, but over time they acquire yellow color
• The mushroom is considered edible and it belongs to the 3rd category.
• The wave mushroom is swayed by two signs in two signs: in its own size and density. This mushroom is considered edible.

• It is recommended to pickle or salt it. But before that it needs to be soaked so that the bitterness disappears.
• Volnushki grow in deciduous and mixed forests, where young birches are present.
• Their growth and development period ranges from August to mid -autumn.
• Often, these mushrooms are found in the west of Russia in the form of small groups. However, in some regions of the country they grow quite abundantly.

White loads:

• The name of the mushroom suggests that this representative in appearance resembles a move. Driver refers to rawers.
• This mushroom is edible and is included in the 2nd category. The hat is different in color - from light shades to darker.

• In dark mushrooms, the pulp after cutting becomes dark. Dark loads are inferior to the heating cargo.
• Light representatives have a lighter pulp, which retains its own initial shade.
• White loads have no milky juice at all. It can be pickled or salted without soaking in advance.
• This mushroom is found in the middle lanes of Russia in mixed and deciduous forests.

Black and white loads:

• The mushroom is very rare. In appearance resembles a load
• It got its own name because its hat has the ability to change by contrast. The young mushroom is white

• After a while, it becomes dark, almost black
• The pulp at the mushroom gives a menthol flavor
• The mushroom, of course, is edible. Included in the 3rd category
• It is not necessary to soak it to prepare it

How to distinguish a black rush from a pig?

• Pig mushroom is considered plate. It differs for the cargo in that the size of his hat is 20 cm
• The young mushroom has convex, and over time, a flat, funnel, velvety, yellow-brown hat
• The mushroom pulp has a light brown tint, which darkens after cutting
• The mushroom plates in the lower part are connected using transverse veins
• These veins can be separated from the hat without problems

• The length of the legs is narrow, plain, about 9 cm
• It is located in the center or a little on the side
• As a rule, the mushroom is found in various forests, in the form of large groups
• Propagation period from mid -summer to mid -October

Fat pig has a larger size. Its color is dark brown, and the leg of the mushroom is velvety. In the first and second form, a large number of harmful compounds accumulate, including heavy metals.

How to distinguish a white load from a guess?

The white mushroom is not a thickening in the form of a tuber, which is located at the bottom of the legs of the fillet. The filter itself is considered a rather dangerous mushroom. Basically, its appearance resembles the type of raw.

The gagger has a green hat, in some cases almost white. There is a ring on the mushroom leg near the hat. If you do not want to confuse this mushroom with white cargo, remember the following rule: mushrooms that are designed for salting have a hole on the leg. This suggests that this or that mushroom is considered edible.

How to process the loads after gathering?

You need to know that each mushroom has the ability to quickly deteriorate, therefore, they need to be washed and cleaned as quickly as possible.

• To begin with, wipe the mushroom with a dry piece of a rag.
• Then remove the dark places from it and clean the leg from the dirt.
• If the mushrooms are very dirty or worm, then it must be put in cool, salted water.
• After you soak the mushroom, you can cook it.

Video: where to look and what do real loads look like?