Forms and symptoms of allergic rhinitis in children. Treatment of allergic runny nose and nasal congestion in children at home

In this article you will learn about allergic rhinitis, the method of diagnosis of halflenosis and methods of treating rhinitis in children.

Rhinitis is an inflammatory process of the nasal mucosa. This process can be caused by allergic or infectious agents. Everything begins with edema, difficulties of breathing and current from the nose (rhinore).

Forms and symptoms of allergic rhinitis in children

Allergic rhinites are divided into time into constant (year -round, caused by constant contact with the allergen) and seasonal (arising during the flowering period of certain plants). Symptoms, of course, do not threaten the life of the child, but cause many inconvenience, and later the treatment of allergosis can lead to the development of bronchial asthma.

The reasons There are a lot of allergic rhinitis, to clarify the nature of the allergen, it is necessary to contact an allergist specialist. However, it is possible to recognize allergic rhinitis on its own:

• The nose is laid, breathing is difficult
• Discharge transparent and watery
• It is often accompanied by sneezing
• Itching in the nose
• Signs of conjunctivitis may appear (redness and itching of the eyes).

Depending on the causes, rhinitis is divided into such types:

• Allergic rhinitis (It is often accompanied by skin manifestations, conjunctivitis, asthma.) It can be seasonal - persistent and chronic
• Non -allergic rhinitis It is determined in people who have no reason to make a diagnosis associated with the allergen

It is divided into:

• Vasomotor - occurs due to impaired blood flow in the area of \u200b\u200bthe mucous membrane, can be provoked by a difference in the temperature of inhaled air
• Taste - may be the result of consumption of hot or spicy food
• Not allergic rhinitis and an increase in eosinophils - with this type, allergies (eosinophils) cells are determined, but with skin samples the allergy is not detected
• Infectious rhinitis - It occurs in the process of an infectious disease.
  Infectious rhinitis can be complicated by an allergic reaction to medicines or infection itself, then it can be called infectious and allergic
•   Professional rhinitis - occurs with irritation of mucous membranes associated with the workplace
• Medication (Having cured the disease, the patient continues to take vasoconstrictive sprays provoking “addiction”).

Which doctor will make an allergic rhinitis, halflenosis?

In the case when you notice such a symptoms in the baby, you need to contact two leading specialists - this otolaryngologist and an allergist-immunologist.
ENT It will diagnose rhinitis and eliminate the infectious nature of the disease. To make a diagnosis of allergic rhinitis, an allergologist will prescribe a number of studies. These include:

1. A blood test for the presence and increase of immunoglobulin to allergen, an increase in eosinophils above normal. After taking the analysis based on globulins, allergen is determined.
   There are no contraindications for analysis, but the analysis is expensive and has errors.
2. Another method, more effective, is a method of skin tests. Not large scratches are made on the skin and a drop of a solution with an allergen is damaged, after some time the result is evaluated. This method is more accurate.

Important: during the exacerbation, this method is not used and all anti -allergic drugs are excluded a week before the analysis. The method of skin samples is contraindicated when breastfeeding and pregnancy.

Treatment of vasomotor, persistent (seasonal pallinosis), chronic
(year -round) allergic rhinitis in children

In fact, any rhinitis, regardless of the cause of the occurrence, refers to vasomotor.

In all forms, a violation of the blood supply to the mucous membranes occurs.

We discuss the rhinitis allergic origin.
The main points of treatment of allergic rhinitis include:

• Determination and restriction of contact with an allergen, limit the allergen access to the mucous membrane of the nose (wear a mask)
• Nasal sprays - they can be vasoconstrictor (by -time reduce swelling and are symptomatic drugs) or contain hormonal components (glucocorticoids). Steroids have an anti -inflammatory and anti -allergic effect
• Antihistamines. Histamine is the main substance that is released by eosinophils and provokes, in fact, the symptoms of rhinitis (edema, rhinore, itching).
  Antihistamines are also divided into those that contain steroids and do not contain those. Drugs may have or not have a sedative effect
• Allergen-specific therapy is treatment by exposure by allergens in small doses, it is carried out outside the exacerbation and before the start of the allergy season (if it is seasonal palinosis)

These are the general principles for the treatment of allergic rhinitis. Below we will consider the nuances associated with the causes of rhinitis.

Treatment of drug allergic rhinitis in children

A patient with drug rhinitis is forced to constantly use the spray and increase the dose, there is a dependence.

Important: vasoconstrictors begin to have not only local, but also systemic effects, affecting the vessels of the brain and peripheral vessels. This is especially clearly noticeable in children, pressure surges and headaches may occur. Constant use leads to gradual atrophy of the mucosa.

What to do?

• It is necessary to refuse drops and sprays. Replace them with natural
  funds such as Aquamoris or Aqualor. Or dilute sea salt and rinse your nose (1 teaspoon of salt for 1 cup of warm water)
• If this does not help and the congestion does not disappear within a month, surgery is necessary, which is carried out under local anesthesia through endoscopy.

Treatment of infectious allergic rhinitis with temperature in children

This is a combination of two diseases: the infection with which the child and an allergic reaction fell ill.
Therefore, treatment should be combined and aimed at curing the infection itself and removal of symptoms.

Symptomatic treatment:

• Antipyretic drugs
• Vasocular drugs
• Anti -inflammatory drugs
• If necessary, glucocorticoids.

Remember! The doctor should prescribe the diagnosis and prescribe treatment.

How to cure an allergic rhinitis complicated by dermatitis, bronchial asthma,
adenoids, conjutolates?

In this case, the treatment is complex and requires the involvement of additional specialists in the work ( okholist).

Treatment should be complex and carried out within the hospital. Allergic rhinitis, accompanied by more serious allergic reactions, speaks of the seriousness of the disease.

We note only some points of treatment.

1. At dermatitis Antihistamine ointments are added to the above treatment.
Their appointment is made by a doctor - dermatologist. The simplest examples of such “phoenistil”, “Kremlen”. Using immunocorrective therapy, which is prescribed purely individually.

2. In the presence of

bronchial asthma Independent treatment is strictly contraindicated and threatens with edema of the larynx and suffocation during periods of allergic exacerbations.

Patients with bronchial asthma should always have an inhaler with them (for example, Salbutamol or Beredual). They can also contain glucocorticoids and are local to remove inflammation during an attack.
In some cases, with seizures, introduced Euphiline intravenously. And in this case, therapy should be strictly individual.
3. Adenoids - This is part of the nasopharynx lymphatic system. Hypertrophy of these outgrowths leads to difficulty breathing. Majority ENT- Doctors are prone to removal of adenoids. After removal, these lymph formations are a tendency to restore and repeated hypertrophy.
4. If allergic rhinitis is accompanied by manifestations conjunctivitis, then prescribe "soothing" drops, individually by manifestations.

How to treat strong exacerbation of allergic rhinitis in the acute period?

All of the above treatment measures are carried out during the exacerbation period, since during the period of remission the symptoms of allergies do not bother us. However, during the period of strong manifestations in a hospital, drugs can be prescribed that helps to reduce the concentration of allergen in blood plasma:
• So called " cleansing "drugs (like "Reoosorbilakt")
• In severe cases, plasmospheris can be prescribed - plasma cleaning Using the apparatus.
• prescribe drugs that stabilize membranes of mast cells that prevent the release of histamine into the blood.

Allergic rhinitis in a baby

This happens very rarely, due to the not formed immunity in children.

Important: the development of allergic rhinitis in infants can contribute to heredity, the manifestation of these symptoms in a nursing mother. The independent development of allergies in the baby is not possible in this case either he received symptoms with his mother’s milk, or this is a manifestation of SARS, not an allergy.

To the general symptoms of rhinitis in the baby, lacrimation, a rash on the face and body can be added.

You can treat an allergic runny nose to a baby only if the diagnosis has made
The doctor and only he prescribes drugs.

Often it is local vasoconstrictor droplets (“naphthyzine”), with skin manifestations - ointment (“phoenistil”) and antihistamines or drops (“Erius”).

Allergic rhinitis in children: drug antihistamines - tablets, drops and
Other drugs

The main treatment differs little from the treatment of adults, the difference is only in the dosage.

We briefly list the names of the main drugs by groups.
1. Antihistamines:
• Tavegil, Suprastin, Diazolin - they have a clear sedative effect on children.
• Claritin, Zirtek - they are safe and have very few side effects for children.
• Local vibration (drops to the nose), allergot.
2. Vasocular drugs are prescribed for children over 12 years old.
• NAFTININ, NOXPRIA, XILEN.
3. In cases of abundant course from the nose, prescribed cromons.
• CROMALIN, cromon.
More serious treatment of drugs depends on the doctor and the degree of development of the disease.

Inhalations for allergic rhinitis in children.

This procedure is prescribed by an ENT - a doctor and strictly controlled by him.
The procedure is carried out in a calm state, in clothes not squeezing the neck.

Strengthening the vocal cords after inhalation is not recommended. It is carried out 1.5 hours after eating. Inhalation lasts 10 minutes on average 5-8 days. After the procedure, the cavity of the mouth and nose is recommended to rinse.

This is very effective. Apply steam, wet and oil inhalations. If the aerosol particles have a charge, then this is electroaerosol inhalation.

Allergic rhinitis in children: treatment and prevention of folk remedies

Prevention:

• Proper nutrition and diet
• Using hypoallergenic creams and hygiene products for the baby
• Prevention of frequent colds
• Clothing and fabrics with which the baby is in contact, should be natural.

Treatment with folk methods

Important: parents often exclude medical treatment and rely on folk remedies. This is not the right decision, because using the infusions of herbs or decoctions, you can cause even deeper harm. If this helps an adult, then the child can harm.

The only method suitable for a child from traditional medicine can only be washing the nose with saline, but this is ineffective.

Allergic rhinitis in children: tips and reviews.

1.Astochka Enlightened
The eldest son has a half line (allergies to the flowering of trees).
In the dusting season we use the Kromhexal spray and take Erius syrup.

Now, regarding "how to fight" ....

ADVICE: Allergic rhinitis, he is also a half line, he is a hay fever - it is not completely cured, it can only be driven into a deep remission.

But ... if you do not treat at all-after some time the patient will be 100% provided with bronchial asthma.

Until the age of three years, analysis for allergens can give both falsely positive and falsely a negative result.

If your child is already 3 years old (this is the age to which the immunity is finally formed), then you are a direct road to the allergist, make an allergo-panel and conduct an asit.
Allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT) is the only therapy that treats the cause of an allergic disease.
Source: Health to you and your children.)

Video: Allergic runny nose - School of Dr. Komarovsky