Is there a sense of smell in birds: a list and names of birds with a well -developed sense of smell, description

The variety of birds is expressed not only in appearance, but also in various perceptions. In this article, we will consider various birds with an enhanced sense of smell.

The amazing ability of birds to navigate the terrain, overcoming long distances, find the right direction - still remains a mystery to scientific ornithology. It is believed that the sense of smell helps to manage the flight of birds. However, numerous studies have shown that not all species of birds have such a feature - some of the varieties have a weak sense of smell or do not possess it at all.

How does the sense of smell in birds work?

• Active, migratory birds have a more pronounced smell than those who lead a ground lifestyle.
• The exception is kiwi bird: Birds have a well -developed sense of smell, although they do not fly at all.

In birds of prey - the highest percentage of abilities recognition. This helps them determine the location of the production in the environment even when the victim skillfully masks.

• How does the sense of smell in birds work? The department is located for smell in birds, In the nasal cavity. Banding center in birds It is a little in the remote from the main stream of inhaled air: it has a smaller part of the nasal cavity. When the air enters the nasal organ, a small part of it penetrates into the olfactory zone.
• Molecules of substances spread in the sensitive zone, the cells of the nasal cavity react and thereby help the bird determine the smell.

Birds with developed smell: List, Description

List of birds with a developed sense of smell:

Kiwi

• Refers to the family of wingless birds. In total, in this population there are five varieties of birds. It has powerful paws. Kiwi beak is long, equipped with nostril depressions located at the end of the beak.
• Kiwi is a night bird, Its active activity begins after sunset. Since the bird’s vision is weak, the main concern for the search for food takes upon itself the organ of smell in birds. It has the strongest scent among its own kinds.
• Kiwi's beak reaches up to 120 mm - the length depends on the floor of the bird. Males have a less long beak than females. Also, the smell helps vibrissas - Special villi located at the base of the beak. In search of food, kiwi tear the ground and sniff out the presence of worms and insects in the soil.

• Also collect fruits and berries, find them by smell. According to scientists, such olfactory features in kiwi, thanks to its habitat. The bird lives in the forest part of New Zealand - The rich natural composition of the terrain contributed to the development of genetic smell receptors in kiwi.

Andian Condor

• Large predatory bird, counted on the family of American vultures, but it is not such. It lives in South America. The weight of this representative of the birds reaches up to 15 kg.
• It has a large beak, feeds on carrion.
• To search for food uses olfactory receptorswhich help to determine the smell of emitted cadaveric gases from a height.

Kakapo

• New Zealand night parrot. The genetic descendant of an extinct species of ivory bird, as well as the closest relative of Kiwi.
• Has a developed nasal zone in which there is 667 genes responsible for replication of smell receptors.
• For example: a person contains 400 smell genes.

Wild duck

• It has large olfactory bulbs that allow it to detect food. The duck can recognize its usual food at a distance of up to two meters.
• It is also known that in order to attract males, the female duck distinguishes a specific aroma that is captured by drakes and is perceived as a call for reproduction.

Pigeon

• A perfectly developed sense of smell in birds helps to migrate. Covering the familiar smells from the wind flow, analyzing the information obtained from the air, can adjust the direction of flight to the target with high accuracy.
• German scientists, during the experiments, proved that pigeons well capture the concentration of familiar smells from the habitats in the air flow. It is this physiological featurehelps them quickly find their house.

American vulture

• Unlike their brothers, the sense of this bird So great that it allows you to capture a subtle smell at a great distance from the object. The fact is that the nasal receptors of the neck are able to respond even to the low concentration of smell particles in the air - this helps the bird instantly decide in which place to look for prey.
• The vulture, like all vultures, feeds on carrion - the peculiarity of its scent allows the bird to feed in its habitat. I must say that these birds do not particularly like flights. Accurate sense of smell Reduces long searches for food.

Griff-indoor

• This subspecies of birds, in addition to their typical ability of smell, has a distinctive characteristic - they they can identify gas leakage in the gas pipeline.
• The reaction of birds to caustic odors was used for their own purposes by employees of the public utilities service in the United States. And in the future, they began to apply a peculiar method of detecting leakage in practice.
• For bait, a substance with a smell of rotten meat is added to the gas pipeline, and when the birds are accumulated in a certain zone, a repair group is directed to the site.

Starling

• This species of birds can determine the varieties of plants using its thin sense of smell. Such a function helps to find antibacterial plants that serve as protection against insects and bacteria in the construction of nests: stems of wild carrots and goldeneric, yarrow.
• The grass weaved into the nest reduces the risk of infection of the nest to 80%.

Tirkushka meadow

• Featheistic inhabitant of the Altai Territory. Is an endangered look - the bird is listed in the Red Book. In places of its habitat is a well -lit area: steppe or meadow zones with a small vegetation near reservoirs.
• The bird is fed with the raid with small insects.
• To capture production, she uses not only her excellent vision, but also the sense of smell - in conjunction, these two abilities enhance the reaction of the bird at the time of hunting.

Fridayed Blue Bird (ChlamyDera Maculata)

• These birds are unique by their peculiarity - to respond to the aroma of flowers. At the time of nesting, the female lays the entrance to the hollow, leaving a small window.
• The role of the male: bring food and flowers for future chicks and females, throwing them inside the nest. All this time, the female does not leave the hollow. It is known that these Australian birds do not eat flowers. But they like the aroma itself. Perhaps the smell of flowers - scares off pests.

Albatross and Petrel

• Sea birds, especially large sizes - have excellent smell. Swing receptors help them track fish jambs at a long time and go to the places of accumulation of fish.
• The Petrel can smell of fish at a distance of 3 km.
• Bird albatross The smell of the salmon of fat as a profit at a distance of more than 5 km is capable of catching the smell.

Woodcock

• A bird living in forest thickets. Her usual habitat is shady dense thickets, marshy soils.
• In the atmosphere of the twilight - a bird rarely has to use visual abilities.
• But the development of skills belon in birds - It is quite suitable for finding food in shady dudes and forests.

Silver gull

• Like most marine birds, silver gull It has excellent scurry receptors. Birds of this species are settled in large flocks along the coast of the sea or other large reservoir.
• As food, they mainly use fish, crabs or mollusks. However, sometimes a bird can hunt on land, looking for insects or mice. It is not rare that seagulls ruin other people's nests. Do not disdain to eat waste or carrion.
• The seagull draws the main part of the hunt, drifting on the water: periodically lowering the head under the water for looking for fish. A feature of the smell of silver seagull - is the presence of additional villi with her, playing the role of scurry receptors.
• This sign 10 times increases the ability of the seagull to distinguish smells.

Grey goose

• From the family waterfowl of duck birds. It settles near large quiet lakes, swamp thickets and ponds with standing water. Large bird with a pronounced beak. He is the progenitor of home geese.
• Like a seagull, has additional villous receptors smell at the base of the beak. However, they use their gray goose not for hunting - the main nutrition of this bird is vegetation.
• Thanks to the sense of smell, the goose finds seed and grass suitable for food and in water.

Medical scholars or honey trains

• This is an extraordinary bird living in Africa. Outwardly, the bird is similar to a large sparrow. He is a fan of the aroma of burned wax. Its characteristic feature - eating wax deposits.
• The method is also unique wax production for food In the wild: to achieve the goal, the bird uses those animals that likes to enjoy honey. At first, she skillfully searches for the nests of wild bees.
• Then makes characteristic sounds, attracting to the place of finds of honey ethnic groups: badger or other mammals.
• After the honey is eaten - the bird gains access to wax, as well as larvae inside hundreds.
• The stomach of the poultry contains special enzymes allowing digest and absorb wax. Many residents of the African region use these birds to extract wild honey.

Northern fools

• Refers to the detachment - trubkonos. A flock of birds living along the oceanic and sea coasts. Outwardly, stupid looks like a seagull. However, the volume of body weight of this bird is much larger.
• There is a characteristic on its beak small tubes with saline glands. Northern fools distinguishes smells well, and also marks its territory.
• During the period of nesting these feathered - the chicks and the nest by a specific dark oily fluid are also smeared, digging it out of the stomach.
• Individual smell of such a liquid - allows you to navigate the location of the nest among the numerous settlement of birds, as well as to note their chicks. In addition, the bird can meet with a splash of fluids of the one who dared to close closely to the nest.

Guaharo

• Another name for these birds - fat goat. They have a special large body with a wave of wings up to one meter. They live inside the caves, they also create their own nests.
• In the darkness of Guahara, they behave like bats, reacting to ultrasonic vibrations. Sun rays do not like and all daytime are hidden in a cave. And at night they fly out in search of food.
• Birds eat fruit fruits and lumber oil trees. Sometimes the flight behind fruits is long: the bird overcomes a distance of up to 50 km.
• Find fruit tree in the dark - The developed sense of smell allows: the bird uses smell receptors as night vision at the time of searching for the fetus in the thickets of trees.

• As soon as the food is discovered, the bird swallows the fetus with a bone. After returning to the cave - birds bury bones, which explains many sprouts of fruit trees in the cave.

Video: Amazing Birds