How the mountains differ from the plains, elevations, plains from lowlands: comparison, similarities and differences. The origin of plains and mountains, division into groups: Description. Large mountains and plains of the world, continents: names, location on a geographical map, the color of the designation

The difference between the mountains and the plains. The largest mountains and plains.

Content

Many of us know little about the relief and the difference between some forms. We well imagine what mountains and plains look like, but we cannot always explain what it is. Below we will consider how different forms of the Earth’s surface relief differ.

What are mountains and plains, lowlands and hills: the definition of what they consist of.

Plains - These are large areas of the earth's surface with small height fluctuations. Such surfaces have practically no hills and hollows.

Mountains Unlike plains, raised above the surface of the earth and is characterized by faults of the earth's crust, as well as a folded structure with a large number of blocks, lifting and descents.

Elevation - This is a high hilly area, with low mountains. This area is raised relative to other spaces and surfaces of the earth's crust. The height of such areas is not more than 200 m. It differs in a small height and not such a pronounced relief.

The plains make up about 60% of the entire surface of the earth's crust. It is these areas that are populated by people and it is most convenient to live on them. In addition, all plains are divided into several groups:

Low -powered
Elevated
Mountain plains
Bloods

This classification is due to their relative level relative to the sea. There are also underwater plains, which include sea shelf or bottom, basin.

The origin of plains and mountains, division into groups: Description

The fact is that the plains appeared as a result of the movement of the earth's crust.

By origin, the plains are divided:

Structural. These are one of the most complex plains because, once mountains existed in these places, but as a result of earthquakes and actions of volcanoes, such hills and mountains collapsed. Therefore, the surface has become even
Lake plains. They are formed in those places where lakes used to be dry
A brazion. Such plains were formed as a result of the action of the sea on land. That is, the sea washes part of the surface and the plains form
Accumulative. These plains are formed as a result of the effects of rivers
Excellence and tides. They have a slight slope to the sea

Mountains are also divided into several groups.

Types by origin:

Tectonic. They are formed as a result of a collision of plates.
Folded mountains. Now such mountains are not so large. These are the Himalayas. When the earth's crust is moving, the folds that turned out to be as a result of the initial movement of the plates, blocks are broken and obtained.
Volcanic mountains. They are formed in places where there are cracks in the earth's crust and on the boundaries of lithospheric plates. Formed as a result of the action of volcanoes and the flow of magma and lava. Such mountains are a large number on Earth. Especially a lot of them can be found in Hawaii.
Erosion mountains. The plains are formed as a result of the breakdown using the flow of water. That is, under the influence of rivers. These are individual mining systems, most often located within mountain ranges.

How the mountains differ from the plains, elevations, plains from lowlands: comparison, similarities and differences

There are a number of differences and differences between plains and mountains.

Differences:

The plain most often occupies a very large surface of the Earth and is a platform that was formed as a result of the action of the external forces of the Earth. That is, wind, water.
The height of such areas is slight, and the height of the majority is the plains of not more than 500 m. The mountain can be in a height of 8000 meters.
The plains occupy a much larger area of \u200b\u200bthe Earth's surface than mountains. If you compare seismic activity, then in the mountain area it is much higher.
The plains are more calm in this regard. There is no internal activity of the Earth forces on them. The plains are more adapted for life than mountains. This applies to comfort and climate.

How are mountains and plains different in height, relief, what are there?

As for the lowland and hill, these are the varieties of plains. Only in the lowlands is it slightly lower than the average ground level. On the hills, on the contrary, slightly higher. That is, it is a hilly area with a slight height, which does not exceed 500 m.

Mountains and plains are classified not only by origin, but also in height.

Classification of mountains:

Low. Up to 1 km high
Medium. Up to 2 km high
Tall. More than 2 km high

The plains are divided into such groups:

Lowlands
Elevations
Plane

In addition to height and origin, mountains differ in relief. It is worth noting that the highlands are characterized by peaks, sharp shapes, also ridges with a large number of teeth and a valley that cut deeply. For high mountains, that is, the highlands are characterized by peaks, glaciers. If these are mountains of medium height, then they are distinguished by a rounded shape, the peaks are soft, smooth.

What color is the mountains and plains on the geographical map?

On the physical map, you can notice the difference between the mountains and the plains. The plains are indicated by green, and mountainous areas are brown or yellow.

Large mountains and plains of the world, continents: names, list

The world has a huge number of plains. Below is a list of the largest plains:

Amazon lowland
Russian plain
The Middle Siberian Plateau
Arabian Plateau
West Siberian lowland
La Platsky lowland
Great Plains
Brazilian plateau

The highest mountains:

Himalayas
Pamir
Tien Shan
Andes
Cordillers
Massive Kilimanjaro
Armenian Highlands

The location of the mountains and the plains of Eurasia on a geographical map: photo, names

Eurasia has significant amounts of mountains and plains.

Mountains:

Scandinavian
Pyrenees
Carpathians
Alps
Sayan
Shchorsky ridge
Hinggan

Plains:

Iranian Highlands
The Flatsee of the Dean
The Middle Siberian Plateau
Kazakh small salt

Lowlands:

The East European Plain
West Siberian
Caspian
Great Chinese plain
Mesopotamskaya

Elevations:

Smolensk-Moscow
Valdai
Timan ridge
Central Russian

Below the map is the location of these areas.

The location of the mountains and the plains of Africa on the geographical map: photo, names

Africa is the second largest mainland that is after Eurasia. Basically, the equal relief. There are also mountains.

Mountains:

Atlas mountains
Highlands Ahaggar
Ethiopian Highlands
East African Plateau
Kapsky mountains
Dragon Mountains

The location of the mountains and the plains of North America on the geographical map: photo, name

In America, there is also a huge amount of diverse relief. The largest plain is the Lavrentian hill. Also, the central one can be distinguished from the plains, which is part of the North American platform. There are great plains that are in front of the Cordillers. A large number of coastal lowlands, which are located directly near the seas and oceans.

Mountains:

Cascaded mountains of Sierra Nevada
Appalachi
Cordillers

The location of the mountains and the plains of South America on a geographical map: photo, names

South America is characterized by a very diverse relief. It depends on the area. Basically in the western part there are mountains, and in the east most plains. From the plains you can distinguish the Guyan plateau. In the east of the country - the Brazilian plateau. Also, one of the large plains is the Amazon lowland.

The largest mountain range of South America is the Andes, which are gear mountain systems located, starting from the southern part of America to Panama.

Mountains and plains of South America, map

The location of the mountains and the plains of Australia on the geographical map: photo, names

Australia is a mainland that is located in the southern part of the Earth. It is worth noting that the plains mainly prevail here. About 95% of the total relief is not higher above the sea level than 600 m. The most elevated points are Masgrave mountains, as well as the Darling Range. Regarding the plains, then the central lowland can be distinguished. In the south, you can find Australian Alps, as well as a large water cut.

The location of the mountains and the plains of Antarctica on the geographical map: photo, name

Antarctica is considered the coldest mainland. The relief is quite diverse. There are both plains and mountains.

Plains:

Western
East
Schmidt

Mountains:

Galitsyna
Prince Charles
Mountain array of enderby
Transarctic mountains
The mountains of Sheklton
Mountains Hambursev

Can mountains form on the site?

The terrain depends on lithospheric plates, as well as on their collision. At the site of the mountains, plains are very often formed as a result of the influence of natural forces. Under the influence of wind, water, rains, mountains and mountain ridges can collapse. In their place, plains are often formed. Of course this is a process of more than one day. Everything happens slowly enough. But there are many examples of how the plains formed on the site of the mountain.

Also, mountains can also form on the site. This is due to the area, because very often water leaves the plain and rivers dry out, leaving mountain ridges in the path of the current. Also, mountain ranges can form due to a collision of lithospheric plates. Therefore, it is possible that mountains will appear on the site of the plain.

Human life in the mountains and on the plains: features, where is it better?

Basically, most of the population of the earth's crust lives at the plain level. This is the most convenient part for living, as it does not imply significant height fluctuations. This facilitates the process of building housing, factories, factories and other infrastructure facilities. In mountainous areas, everything is much more complicated. But on the plains most often a large number of production that pollute the air. In mountainous areas, clean, fresh air, so many inhabitants of the mountain massifs live much longer than the inhabitants of large cities that are located on the plains.

Mountains and plains are significantly different from each other not only by high above sea level, but also by the quality of life of local residents.