The anatomical structure of the knee joint. Subluxation of the knee joint: symptoms, first aid, treatment, possible complications after a subluxation of the knee joint

If subluxation occurred in the knee joint, it is important to make the necessary measures in time, which you will learn about from the article.

Content

The subluxation of the knee speaks in the case of partial displacement of the knee joint, its articular surfaces of the bones, due to injury. In this case, the surfaces retain contact with each other, but limited to functions. This is exactly what distinguishes it from complete dislocation, when the displacement absolutely deprives the articular surfaces of the contact.

Anatomical structure of the knee joint

Anatomically knee joints are difficult to arrange and make up its basic and additional structures responsible for motor activity. The knee joint is the largest in the body and it is responsible for the support of the entire body weight.

The joint consists of:

Tibia
Femoral
Knee cup

It is the last structure that is responsible for protecting the fragile ligaments from injuries and blows. The spots of the femur are condyles. They are small hills, and closes their cartilage.

The surface parts of the joints are in contact tightly, but softly, which is possible thanks to a six -million cartilaginous cartilage coating. The back surface of the cup is also covered with cartilage fabric. Thanks to this structure, the joints are amortized and the level of friction is minimized.

The ligamentous apparatus of the joint, which is located in the center is its strengthening, which also performs the function of limiting during movement. The front ligament performs the function of the holder of the tibia, and the back does not allow its exit back.
Between the bones are articular menisci, which also represent cartilage, but slightly different than the usual cartilage. This part of the joint evenly distributes the load that the log gets at the pressure of the body weight.

The sensitivity of the knee is provided by a large beret bone and the sciatic nerve. The branches of the nerve endings are distributed in all structures of the knee including menisci. Nevertheless, the sensitivity of the knees is lower than that of other joints, and therefore, in the case of a serious injury, the lack of nerve impulses can lead to tissue dystrophy.

Symptoms of a subluxation of the knee joint

Signs of subluxation are largely similar to the symptoms of dislocation:

The pain may be present, or maybe not. Depending on the threshold of sensitivity.
External change of knee.
Edema, redness and temperature raising in the affected area.
Limiting the active function and soreness of passive actions.

Sometimes the symptoms are so weak that a person does not feel the presence of a pathology and it is detected by chance when examining a doctor.

First aid for the articular subluxation of the knee

It is required to carry out actions as quickly as possible after the injury, this is a guarantee of the fastest recovery and fewer consequences:

The first thing to do is to immobilize the knee and fix it with improvised means. You can use clothes, bedding and plywood, branches, sticks for this. If there are no solid materials, then you can wrap the injured leg to the healthy.
The next step is to cool by applying ice wrapped in fabric or a bottle of cold water.

But you should not try to adjust your knee yourself, unless you are a traumatologist, or orthopedist.

Treatment of subluxation of the knee joint

The essence of treatment is turning the joint. To do this, the doctor initially evaluates his condition, if necessary, prescribes an X -ray, but very rarely, more often, traumatologists diagnose subluxation without much difficulties. After that, the specialist sets the joint.

If there is no opportunity to send the victim to a medical institution, then homework is all first aid methods and the lack of any physical anxiety of the injured leg for a long time.
Under the sore leg, it is necessary to put a roller, or a pillow and constantly apply warming and strengthening ointments to his knee.

Any treatment involves the presence of a rehabilitation period. The subluxation is not an exception, after the treatment of which is required from a couple of weeks to several months of recovery under the supervision of a rehabilitologist.

During this time, all knee structures should be restored, which is possible thanks to the following manipulations: